Download or read book Accelerating Data Center Applications Through Energy efficient Recongurable Computing written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many data-intensive applications need to process massive data sets (e.g., scientific data, photographs, and videos) to discover useful information such as hidden patterns or market trends. Delivering these large data sets all the way from a storage system to host CPU(s) puts a tremendous pressure on a traditional host-CPU based computing architecture as it incurs a substantial data transfer latency and energy consumption. Thus, a new computing paradigm is greatly needed. Non-volatile memory (NVM) technologies like NAND flash advanced rapidly in the past decade, which offers huge potential for processing data in-situ or offloading computation near the data. In this dissertation research, we first propose a new in-storage processing architecture called RISP (Reconfigurable In-Storage Processing), which employs field-programmable gate array (FPGA) as data processing unit and NVM controller. Unlike traditional ISP techniques, RISP can reconfigure storage data processing resources to achieve a high energy-efficiency without any performance degradation for big data analysis applications. Three case studies are provided in this project. Experimental results show that RISP significantly outperforms a CPU-centric processing architecture in terms of performance and energy-efficiency. Second, a near-data processing (NDP) server architecture is proposed to evaluate its impact on a diverse range of data center applications from data-intensive to compute-intensive. Several new findings have been observed. For example, we found that an FPGA-based NDP server can offer performance benefits not only for data-intensive applications but also for compute-intensive applications. Third, by applying the idea of reconfigurability proposed in the first project on an NDP server, we developed a reconfigurable NDP server that can dynamically reconfigure its computing resources according to the characteristics of an application. Our results shown that the NDP server can achieve a higher energy-efficiency without any performance degradation compared to the NDP architecture proposed in the second project. Finally, two memory-access-efficient implementations of kNN (k-Nearest Neighbors) on FPGA are presented. Principal component analysis (PCA) and low-precision data representation are employed to reduce data accesses. Results show that external memory accesses are substantially reduced (>28x), which obviously improves performance in terms of execution time and energy-efficiency.
Download or read book Computing with Memory for Energy Efficient Robust Systems written by Somnath Paul and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-07 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes energy and reliability as major challenges faced by designers of computing frameworks in the nanometer technology regime. The authors describe the existing solutions to address these challenges and then reveal a new reconfigurable computing platform, which leverages high-density nanoscale memory for both data storage and computation to maximize the energy-efficiency and reliability. The energy and reliability benefits of this new paradigm are illustrated and the design challenges are discussed. Various hardware and software aspects of this exciting computing paradigm are described, particularly with respect to hardware-software co-designed frameworks, where the hardware unit can be reconfigured to mimic diverse application behavior. Finally, the energy-efficiency of the paradigm described is compared with other, well-known reconfigurable computing platforms.
Download or read book Energy Efficient Computing and Data Centers written by Luigi Brochard and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-08-06 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Data centers consume roughly 1% of the total electricity demand, while ICT as a whole consumes around 10%. Demand is growing exponentially and, left unchecked, will grow to an estimated increase of 20% or more by 2030. This book covers the energy consumption and minimization of the different data center components when running real workloads, taking into account the types of instructions executed by the servers. It presents the different air- and liquid-cooled technologies for servers and data centers with some real examples, including waste heat reuse through adsorption chillers, as well as the hardware and software used to measure, model and control energy. It computes and compares the Power Usage Effectiveness and the Total Cost of Ownership of new and existing data centers with different cooling designs, including free cooling and waste heat reuse leading to the Energy Reuse Effectiveness. The book concludes by demonstrating how a well-designed data center reusing waste heat to produce chilled water can reduce energy consumption by roughly 50%, and how renewable energy can be used to create net-zero energy data centers.
Download or read book Hardware Accelerators in Data Centers written by Christoforos Kachris and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-21 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides readers with an overview of the architectures, programming frameworks, and hardware accelerators for typical cloud computing applications in data centers. The authors present the most recent and promising solutions, using hardware accelerators to provide high throughput, reduced latency and higher energy efficiency compared to current servers based on commodity processors. Readers will benefit from state-of-the-art information regarding application requirements in contemporary data centers, computational complexity of typical tasks in cloud computing, and a programming framework for the efficient utilization of the hardware accelerators.
Download or read book Applied Reconfigurable Computing Architectures Tools and Applications written by Nikolaos Voros and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-25 with total page 761 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Applied Reconfigurable Computing, ARC 2018, held in Santorini, Greece, in May 2018. The 29 full papers and 22 short presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 78 submissions. In addition, the volume contains 9 contributions from research projects. The papers were organized in topical sections named: machine learning and neural networks; FPGA-based design and CGRA optimizations; applications and surveys; fault-tolerance, security and communication architectures; reconfigurable and adaptive architectures; design methods and fast prototyping; FPGA-based design and applications; and special session: research projects.
Download or read book Applied Reconfigurable Computing Architectures Tools and Applications written by Steven Derrien and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-23 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Applied Reconfigurable Computing, ARC 2021, held as a virtual event, in June 2021. The 14 full papers and 11 short presentations presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 40 submissions. The papers cover a broad spectrum of applications of reconfigurable computing, from driving assistance, data and graph processing acceleration, computer security to the societal relevant topic of supporting early diagnosis of Covid infectious conditions.
Download or read book Reconfigurable Computing Architectures Tools and Applications written by Oliver Choy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-02 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Reconfigurable Computing: Architectures, Tools and Applications, ARC 2012, held in Hongkong, China, in March 2012. The 35 revised papers presented, consisting of 25 full papers and 10 poster papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 44 submissions. The topics covered are applied RC design methods and tools, applied RC architectures, applied RC applications and critical issues in applied RC.
Download or read book Energy efficient Spatio temporal Computing Framework written by Wenchao Qian and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Digital system design incorporates components ranging from general purpose processors (GPPs) to application specific integrated circuits (ASICs). GPPs provide flexible implementation of diverse applications at the cost of high execution time, energy and area. On the other hand, ASICs provide high performance, low energy and area, but they are usually custom designed for one or two specific applications. Reconfigurable computing frameworks are the solutions in between. They can take advantages from both GPPs and ASICs. Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) have emerged as attractive reconfigurable computing frameworks. They have the flexibility to map a variety of applications with fast speed, low energy and area. FPGAs integrate spatially distributed memory arrays and programmable routing resources. Functions are realized inside the memory blocks as lookup tables (LUTs) and the interconnects take care of the communication between different memory blocks. However, the energy and area are dominated by the programmable interconnects. With newer technology generations, these interconnects are not scaling as well as logic gates. Therefore, a reconfigurable framework that minimizes the requirements of programmable interconnects is expected to improve performance, energy and area while technology continues advancing.This work proposes a novel reconfigurable computing framework for hardware acceleration, referred to as MAlleable Hardware Accelerator (MAHA). It uses a spatio-temporal computing model which aims at improving energy-efficiency of various algorithmic tasks. In each processing element (PE), the main computing is done by a memory block, which stores both data and LUTs. PEs are spatially distributed and communicate with each other through interconnects. The operation execution inside each PE is performed cycle by cycle in a temporal fashion. It significantly reduces the requirement of programmable interconnects compared to a fully spatial reconfigurable computing architecture, and hence it improves energy-efficiency. The scalability of such a framework is expected to be better than the fully spatial architectures because it drastically reduces the need for the programmable interconnect. Data can be read and executed locally inside each PE. Such a memory-centric computing platform provides a great opportunity to mitigate the off-chip bandwidth requirement between memory and computing engines in a conventional computing architecture.
Download or read book Reconfigurable Computing written by Maya B. Gokhale and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-07-04 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A one-of-a-kind survey of the field of Reconfigurable Computing Gives a comprehensive introduction to a discipline that offers a 10X-100X acceleration of algorithms over microprocessors Discusses the impact of reconfigurable hardware on a wide range of applications: signal and image processing, network security, bioinformatics, and supercomputing Includes the history of the field as well as recent advances Includes an extensive bibliography of primary sources
Download or read book Applied Reconfigurable Computing Architectures Tools and Applications written by Iouliia Skliarova and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy efficient Data Processing Using Accelerators written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy efficiency of computing systems has become crucial with the end of Dennardian scaling in which voltage scaling has stalled, thereby increasing power density with decreasing transistor size. One approach to improve energy efficiency is to use accelerators specialized for a certain set of computing problems. Unlike traditional general-purpose processors, accelerators avoid the overhead of fetching and scheduling instructions. This dissertation investigates architectural techniques to enable energy-efficient data processing using reconfigurable accelerators: customizing L1 data caches for computing systems integrated with reconfigurable accelerators, and proposing a near-memory processing architecture using reconfigurable accelerators. Data transfers between accelerators and memory are often a bottleneck for both performance and energy efficiency. This dissertation demonstrates the potential of a configurable L1 data cache to exploit diversity in cache requirements across hybrid applications that use accelerators. One configurable feature is the cache topology; it can be reconfigured as a set of private L1 caches, or a single L1 cache shared by a processor and an accelerator. This dissertation also proposes a technique to provide a configurable tradeoff between number of ports and capacity of the L1 cache. To further reduce the overhead of transferring data between compute-engines and memory, this dissertation proposes NDA (Near-DRAM Acceleration), an architecture that stacks reconfigurable accelerators atop off-chip commodity DRAM devices. To make this architecture practical in the short run, NDA uses commodity 2D DRAM devices and provides, in a practical way, high-bandwidth connections between accelerators and DRAM for the purpose of near-memory processing. This dissertation explores three NDA microarchitectures to stack accelerators atop DRAM and analyzes the impact of supporting such microarchitectures on DRAM area, timing, and energy. The first microarchitecture connects accelerators and DRAM through global I/O lines that are shared between all DRAM banks. In the second microarchitecture, global I/O lines are doubled to increase the internal bandwidth between accelerators and DRAM. The third microarchitecture connects accelerators and DRAM through global datalines that are private to each DRAM bank, substantially increasing internal DRAM bandwidth. This dissertation also identifies various software and hardware challenges in implementing the NDA architecture and provides cost-effective solutions.
Download or read book Energy Efficient Data Centers written by Sonja Klingert and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-21 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Energy Efficient Data Centers, E2DC 2013, held in Berkeley, CA, USA, in May 2013; co-located with SIGCOMM e-Energy 2013. The 8 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on energy and workload measurement; energy management; simulators and control.
Download or read book Introduction to Reconfigurable Supercomputing written by Marco Lanzagorta and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers technologies, applications, tools, languages, procedures, advantages, and disadvantages of reconfigurable supercomputing using Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). The target audience is the community of users of High Performance Computers (HPC) who may benefit from porting their applications into a reconfigurable environment. As such, this book is intended to guide the HPC user through the many algorithmic considerations, hardware alternatives, usability issues, programming languages, and design tools that need to be understood before embarking on the creation of reconfigurable parallel codes. We hope to show that FPGA acceleration, based on the exploitation of the data parallelism, pipelining and concurrency remains promising in view of the diminishing improvements in traditional processor and system design. Table of Contents: FPGA Technology / Reconfigurable Supercomputing / Algorithmic Considerations / FPGA Programming Languages / Case Study: Sorting / Alternative Technologies and Concluding Remarks
Download or read book Energy Efficient Data Centers written by Jyrki Huusko and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-09-26 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the First International Workshop on Energy Efficient Data Centers (E2DC 2012) held in Madrid, Spain, in May 2012. The 13 revised full papers presented were carefully selected from 32 submissions. The papers cover topics from information and communication technologies of green data centers to business models and GreenSLA solutions. The first section presents contributions in form of position and short papers, related to various European projects. The other two sections comprise papers with more in-depth technical details. The topics covered include energy-efficient data center management and service delivery as well as energy monitoring and optimization techniques for data centers.
Download or read book Handbook on Data Centers written by Samee U. Khan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-16 with total page 1309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook offers a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art research achievements in the field of data centers. Contributions from international, leading researchers and scholars offer topics in cloud computing, virtualization in data centers, energy efficient data centers, and next generation data center architecture. It also comprises current research trends in emerging areas, such as data security, data protection management, and network resource management in data centers. Specific attention is devoted to industry needs associated with the challenges faced by data centers, such as various power, cooling, floor space, and associated environmental health and safety issues, while still working to support growth without disrupting quality of service. The contributions cut across various IT data technology domains as a single source to discuss the interdependencies that need to be supported to enable a virtualized, next-generation, energy efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly data center. This book appeals to a broad spectrum of readers, including server, storage, networking, database, and applications analysts, administrators, and architects. It is intended for those seeking to gain a stronger grasp on data center networks: the fundamental protocol used by the applications and the network, the typical network technologies, and their design aspects. The Handbook of Data Centers is a leading reference on design and implementation for planning, implementing, and operating data center networks.
Download or read book Architectures and Tools for Efficient Reconfigurable Computing written by Stephen Chin and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent decades have seen large growth in the silicon industry with transistor scaling and transistor count approximately doubling every two years. With the continued growth of transistors-per-chip and increasing power density, dark silicon challenges have risen. Reconfigurable computing poses a possible solution to some of the challenges through improving performance and energy efficiency by tailoring the hardware to the application. Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are a platform for realizing reconfigurable computing and have had traction for over a decade. Their recent introduction into mainstream data-centres bodes well for the field. Another type of reconfigurable architecture, Coarse Grained Reconfigurable Arrays (CGRAs), poses one other platform for computing. Being more specialized than FPGAs, CGRAs' main selling point is increased efficiency versus FPGAs, at the cost of platform flexibility. This dissertation looks at efficient computing first from the perspective of FPGAs, developing new architectures and new CAD tools, making for a more efficient FPGA. The proposed FPGA architecture consists of a hybrid multiplexer / look-up-table logic block that has reduced area with respect to traditional architectures. Then, with the prospect that CGRA architectures hold, we develop an open-source framework, CGRA-ME, for the modelling and exploration of CGRAs. This unifying software framework incorporates, architecture description through a custom language, architecture modelling, application mapping, and RTL generation, and allows further development of CGRA architectures and related CAD tools throughout the research community. Within the CGRA-ME framework, a new architecture-agnostic application mapper formulated in an integer linear program was also developed for generic CGRAs. Through this dissertation, we have made headway towards more efficient reconfigurable architectures through architecture design and related CAD and are optimistic that these contributions will have positive impact on further research and industrial application of reconfigurable architectures.
Download or read book Architecture of Computing Systems written by Georgios Goumas and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-09-26 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Architecture of Computing Systems, ARCS 2023, which took place in Athens, Greece, in June 2023. The 18 full papers in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 35 submissions. ARCS provides a platform covering newly emerging and cross-cutting topics, such as autonomous and ubiquitous systems, reconfigurable computing and acceleration, neural networks and artificial intelligence. The selected papers cover a variety of topics from the ARCS core domains, including energy efficiency, applied machine learning, hardware and software system security, reliable and fault-tolerant systems and organic computing. Back to top
