Download or read book Absorption Measurements of Sound in Sea Water written by George J. Thiessen and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Global Model for Sound Absorption in Sea Water written by R. H. Mellen and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Origin of the Low Frequency Sound Absorption in Sea Water written by Ernest Yeager and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Temperature-jump measurements in sea water over the time domain 0.00001 to 0.01 sec reveal a single relaxation of 0.00015 sec at 9.7C, which appears to correspond to the approximately 1 kHz relaxation found from long range sound propagation. Laboratory measurements indicate the relaxation to originate from boron with the B(OH)3 - B(OH)4 - equilibrium the likely relaxing process. (Author).

Download or read book Ultrasonic Measurement of the Velocity of Sound in Distilled and Sea Water written by Wayne D. Wilson and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sound Absorption and Sound Absorbers in Water written by and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Chemical Sound Absorption in Sea Water Low Frequency Relaxation Mechanism written by Robert H. Mellen and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resonator measurements measurements indicate that the principal B(OH)-3 absorption mechanism in sea water is an exchange between the B(OH)3/B(OH)-4 and HCO-3/CO3-2 equilibria in which coupling to the Ca2+ ion-pairing equilibria provides most of the molal volume change. If either Ca or CO2 are omitted, B(OH)3 absorption is an order of magnitude too low. T-jump measurements indicate a two-step B(OH)3 ionization process in H2O. In sea water, both relaxations occur and are coupled. Present theory shows that pH and absorption may have different relaxation frequencies as experimental data indicates. The empirical pH-dependent absorption formula derived from ocean measurements gives predictions that are consistent with the exchange relaxation model.

Download or read book Sound Propagation in the Sea written by Robert J. Urick and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Differential Sound Absorption Technique and Effect of Ion pairing and Pressure on Sound Absorption in Seawater and Aqueous Mixtures of Magnesium Sulfate and Sodium Chloride written by Zhengzhi Xu and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Applied Underwater Acoustics written by Thomas Neighbors and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-01-19 with total page 982 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applied Underwater Acoustics meets the needs of scientists and engineers working in underwater acoustics and graduate students solving problems in, and preparing theses on, topics in underwater acoustics. The book is structured to provide the basis for rapidly assimilating the essential underwater acoustic knowledge base for practical application to daily research and analysis. Each chapter of the book is self-supporting and focuses on a single topic and its relation to underwater acoustics. The chapters start with a brief description of the topic's physical background, necessary definitions, and a short description of the applications, along with a roadmap to the chapter. The subtopics covered within individual subchapters include most frequently used equations that describe the topic. Equations are not derived, rather, assumptions behind equations and limitations on the applications of each equation are emphasized. Figures, tables, and illustrations related to the sub-topic are presented in an easy-to-use manner, and examples on the use of the equations, including appropriate figures and tables are also included. - Provides a complete and up-to-date treatment of all major subjects of underwater acoustics - Presents chapters written by recognized experts in their individual field - Covers the fundamental knowledge scientists and engineers need to solve problems in underwater acoustics - Illuminates, in shorter sub-chapters, the modern applications of underwater acoustics that are described in worked examples - Demands no prior knowledge of underwater acoustics, and the physical principles and mathematics are designed to be readily understood by scientists, engineers, and graduate students of underwater acoustics - Includes a comprehensive list of literature references for each chapter

Download or read book Investigation of the 1 KHz Sound Absorption in Sea Water written by Vernon Pitkin Simmons and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Elastic Properties of Solids Liquids and Gases Four Volume Set written by Moises Levy and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2000-10-23 with total page 2513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sound waves propagate through galactic space, through two-dimensional solids, through biological systems, through normal and dense stars, and through everything that surrounds us; the earth, the sea, and the air. We use sound to locate objects, to identify objects, to understand processes going on in nature, to communicate, and to entertain. The elastic properties of materials determine the velocity of sound in them and tell us about their response to stresses something which is very important when we are trying to construct, manufacture, or create something with any material. The Handbook of Elastic Properties of Materials will provide these characteristics for almost everything whose elastic properties has ever been measured or deduced in a concise and approachable manner. Leading experts will explain the significance of the elastic properties as they relate to intrinsic microscopic behavior, to manufacturing, to construction, or to diagnosis. They will discuss the propagation of sound in newly discovered or created materials, and in common materials which are being investigated with a fresh outlook. The Handbook will provide the reader with the elastic properties of the common and mundane, the novel and unique, the immense and the microscopic, and the exhorbitantly dense and the ephemeral.. You will also find the measurement. And theoretical techniques that have been developed and invented in order to extract these properties from a reluctant nature and recalcitrant systems. Key Features * Solids, liquids and gases covered in one handbook * Articles by experts describing insights developed over long and Illustrious careers * Properties of esoteric substances, such as normal and dense stars, superfluid helium three, fullerness, two dimensional solids, extraterrestial substances, gems and planetary atmospheres * Properties of common materials such as food, wood used for musical instruments, paper, cement, and cork * Modern dynamic elastic properties measurement techniques

Download or read book The Science and Applications of Acoustics written by Daniel R. Raichel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-04 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook treats the broad range of modern acoustics from the basics of wave propagation in solids and fluids to applications such as noise control and cancellation, underwater acoustics, music and music synthesis, sonoluminescence, and medical diagnostics with ultrasound. The new edition is up-to-date and forward-looking in approach. Additional coverage of the opto-acoustics and sonoluminescence phenomena is included. New problems have been added throughout.

Download or read book Underwater Acoustic Modelling and Simulation Third Edition written by P.C. Etter and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-12-08 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Underwater Acoustic Modeling and Simulation examines the translation of our physical understanding of sound in the sea into mathematical models that can simulate acoustic propagation, noise and reverberation in the ocean. These models are used in a variety of research and operational applications to predict and diagnose the performance of complex sonar systems operating in the undersea environment. Previous editions of the book have provided invaluable guidance to sonar technologists, acoustical oceanographers and applied mathematicians in the selection and application of underwater acoustic models. Now that simulation is fast becoming an accurate, efficient and economical alternative to field-testing and at-sea training, this new edition will also provide useful guidance to systems engineers and operations analysts interested in simulating sonar performance. Guidelines for selecting and using available propagation, noise and reverberation models are highlighted. Specific examples of each type of model are discussed to illustrate model formulations, assumptions and algorithm efficiency. Instructive case studies demonstrate applications in sonar simulation.

Download or read book Improving an Empirical Formula for the Absorption of Sound in the Sea written by C.A.M. van Moll and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Attenuation of Low Frequency Sound in the Sea written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 706 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sound Speed in Seawater as a Function of Realistic Temperature salinity pressure Domain written by Ernest R Anderson and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Differential Sound Absorption Technique and Effect of Ion Pairing and Pressure on Sound Absorption in Seawater and Aqueous Mixtures of Magnesium Sulfate and Sodium Chloride written by Cheng-chih Hsu and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sound absorption in the ocean between 5 kHz and 350 kHz is principally due to the relaxation process associated with a pressure dependent chemical reaction of MgSO4. This research has resolved two conflicts regarding the effect of pressure on sound absorption and relaxation frequency due to MgSO4 in sea water and the reduction of sound absorption by the addition of up to 0.6 M NaCl to low concentration (0.02M) solution of NaCl. The reduction of absorption in MgSO4 solution upon the addition of NaCl can be accounted for theoretically by Debye-Huckel theory and by formation of MgCl(+) and NaSO4 ion-pairs. The measured reduction is less than that observed by Kurtze and Tamm, however. At this concentration of MgSO4, the effects of ionic strength and ion-pairing are about equal. The results are consistent with disassociation constants of 0.0062, 0.1, 0.178 for the MgSO4, NaSO4( - ) and MgCl(+) ion-pairs, respectively up to 0.12 M NaCl addition. For 0.6M NaCl additions to 0.02 M MgSO4, the absorption results cannot be explained by either simple Debye-Huckel theory, the Johnson and Pytkowicz model of ion-pairing nor the Pitzer approach. The values of maximum absorption per wavelength were determined to an absolute accuracy of about 1% from .000080 to .000016. For the differential absorption measurements in MgSO4 and NaCl mixtures, the measurement accuracy is sufficient for quantitative studies of ion-pairing in electrolyte mixtures, particularly for unsymmetrical salts.