Download or read book Absolutismo e ilustraci n en la Espa a del siglo XVIII written by Diego Téllez Alarcia and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Absolutismo E Ilustraci n en la Espa a Del Siglo XVIII El Despotismo Ilustrado de D Ricardo Wall written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book V ctimas del absolutismo written by José Luis Gómez Urdáñez and published by Punto de Vista. This book was released on 2020-09-11 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: El siglo de la Ilustración es también el siglo de la autoridad, y eso lo expresaba muy bien la política de la cuerda tirante, metáfora usada por Floridablanca que se refería a lo conveniente de tener siempre a un ahorcado en una picota o su cabeza en una jaula colgando de la puerta de una ciudad para disuadir a pobres o presos. Esta medida se empleó para que las levas de vagos tuvieran éxito; para que los gitanos tuvieran miedo y no intentaran huir de los arsenales; para que, en fin, los amotinados escarmentaran ante esa horrorosa visión. Bajo la invocación de la máxima autoridad —que fue sacralizada—, los ilustrados pudieron aplicar universalmente la más refinada política represiva. Querían orden, limpieza, seguridad, obediencia, uniformidad de los súbditos en lengua y religión, y... mantenimiento de sus privilegios. Todos han pasado a los manuales de historia de España, sin embargo, como próceres virtuosos, pero aquí los veremos en su lado más oscuro. Ensenada, cruel con los gitanos; el duque de Alba, "hombre de tan buena fama como mal corazón"; el conde de Aranda, capaz de dictar penas de muerte sin inmutarse; Floridablanca, que tenía claro que "los pobres son peligrosísimos". La crueldad se aprendía en la práctica diaria y, luego, se empleaba también contra los enemigos políticos. Cuesta imaginar, en la "España feliz borbónica", un navajazo a Floridablanca o un intento de envenenamiento a Jovellanos y quizás también a Saavedra. Hasta el reinado de Carlos IV, al menos las canalladas se hacían con refinamiento. "Las víctimas del absolutismo que desfilan por este libro pueden serlo por los ataques de la reacción aristocrática o clerical, por los intrigantes de la Corte o por sus propios colegas ilustrados, dispuestos a la zancadilla o a algo peor por motivos normalmente poco confesables, por aspirar al poder, por salvaguardar su posición, por ejercitar la venganza. Eso en cuanto a las víctimas individuales, pero el autor también nos habla de las colectivas, de aquellos que sufren la miseria, que están discriminados por motivos raciales o religiosos, que están atados al duro banco de una galera (y no turquesca), que yacen en las prisiones inquisitoriales o que, como en el caso de los gitanos, sufren una espantosa persecución y una amenaza de acción genocida por parte —no solo, pero también— de los absolutistas ilustrados". Del prólogo de Carlos Martínez Shaw
Download or read book A New History of Iberian Feminisms written by Silvia Bermúdez and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2018-01-01 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A New History of Iberian Feminisms is both a chronological history and an analytical discussion of feminist thought in the Iberian Peninsula, including Portugal, and the territories of Spain - the Basque Provinces, Catalonia, and Galicia - from the eighteenth century to the present day. The Iberian Peninsula encompasses a dynamic and fraught history of feminism that had to contend with entrenched tradition and a dominant Catholic Church. Editors Silvia Bermúdez and Roberta Johnson and their contributors reveal the long and historical struggles of women living within various parts of the Iberian Peninsula to achieve full citizenship. A New History of Iberian Feminisms comprises a great deal of new scholarship, including nineteenth-century essays written by women on the topic of equality. By addressing these lost texts of feminist thought, Bermúdez, Johnson, and their contributors reveal that female equality, considered a dormant topic in the early nineteenth century, was very much part of the political conversation, and helped to launch the new feminist wave in the second half of the century.
Download or read book The Diplomatic Enlightenment written by Edward Jones Corredera and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-08-30 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eighteenth-century Spain drew on the Enlightenment to reconfigure its role in the European balance of power. As its force and its weight declined, Spanish thinkers discouraged war and zealotry and pursued peace and cooperation to reconfigure the international Spanish Empire.
Download or read book The Academy of Fisticuffs written by Sophus A. Reinert and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2018-12-28 with total page 689 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The terms “capitalism” and “socialism” continue to haunt our political and economic imaginations, but we rarely consider their interconnected early history. Even the eighteenth century had its “socialists,” but unlike those of the nineteenth, they paradoxically sought to make the world safe for “capitalists.” The word “socialists” was first used in Northern Italy as a term of contempt for the political economists and legal reformers Pietro Verri and Cesare Beccaria, author of the epochal On Crimes and Punishments. Yet the views and concerns of these first socialists, developed inside a pugnacious intellectual coterie dubbed the Academy of Fisticuffs, differ dramatically from those of the socialists that followed. Sophus Reinert turns to Milan in the late 1700s to recover the Academy’s ideas and the policies they informed. At the core of their preoccupations lay the often lethal tension among states, markets, and human welfare in an era when the three were becoming increasingly intertwined. What distinguished these thinkers was their articulation of a secular basis for social organization, rooted in commerce, and their insistence that political economy trumped theology as the underpinning for peace and prosperity within and among nations. Reinert argues that the Italian Enlightenment, no less than the Scottish, was central to the emergence of political economy and the project of creating market societies. By reconstructing ideas in their historical contexts, he addresses motivations and contingencies at the very foundations of modernity.
Download or read book El pensamiento pol tico del despotismo ilustrado written by Luis Sánchez Agesta and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Despotismo e ilustraci n en Espa a written by Antonio Mestre and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The History of the Dominican Order Origins and growth to 1500 written by William A. Hinnebusch and published by Staten Island, N.Y. : Alba House, [1966- .. This book was released on 1966 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Apogee of Empire written by Stanley J. Stein and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2004-12-01 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Once Europe's supreme maritime power, Spain by the mid-eighteenth century was facing fierce competition from England and France. England, in particular, had successfully mustered the financial resources necessary to confront its Atlantic rivals by mobilizing both aristocracy and merchant bourgeoisie in support of its imperial ambitions. Spain, meanwhile, remained overly dependent on the profits of its New World silver mines to finance both metropolitan and colonial imperatives, and England's naval superiority constantly threatened the vital flow of specie. When Charles III ascended the Spanish throne in 1759, then, after a quarter-century as ruler of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, Spain and its colonial empire were seriously imperiled. Two hundred years of Hapsburg rule, followed by a half-century of ineffectual Bourbon "reforms," had done little to modernize Spain's increasingly antiquated political, social, economic, and intellectual institutions. Charles III, recognizing the pressing need to renovate these institutions, set his Italian staff—notably the Marqués de Esquilache, who became Secretary of the Consejo de Hacienda (the Exchequer)—to this formidable task. In Apogee of Empire, Stanley J. Stein and Barbara H. Stein trace the attempt, initially under Esquilache's direction, to reform the Spanish establishment and, later, to modify and modernize the relationship between the metropole and its colonies. Within Spain, Charles and his architects of reform had to be mindful of determining what adjustments could be made that would help Spain confront its enemies without also radically altering the Hapsburg inheritance. As described in impressive detail by the authors, the bitter, seven-year conflict that ensued between reformers and traditionalists ended in a coup in 1766 that forced Charles to send Esquilache back to Italy. After this setback at home, Charles still hoped to effect constructive change in Spain's imperial system, primarily through the incremental implementation of a policy of comercio libre (free-trade). These reforms, made half-heartedly at best, failed as well, and by 1789 Spain would find itself ill prepared for the coming decades of upheaval in Europe and America. An in-depth study of incremental response by an old imperial order to challenges at home and abroad, Apogee of Empire is also a sweeping account of the personalities, places, and policies that helped to shape the modern Atlantic world.
Download or read book Early Bourbon Spanish America written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2013-05-23 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The years between the accession of the house of Bourbon to the Spanish throne in 1700 and the coronation of Carlos III in 1759 have often been bundled up, and dismissed, together with the later years of Habsburg rule. Growing out of the first Anglophone academic workshop to focus exclusively on Early Bourbon Spanish America, this collective volume gives prominence to the first half of the eighteenth century as a distinct historical period. Discussing from different methodological and geographical perspectives the ways in which the Bourbon succession, international competition over access to Spanish American resources, and war affected the Indies, the contributors examine some of the key changes experienced in Spanish America at the local, provincial and imperial level.
Download or read book Preaching Building and Burying written by Caroline Astrid Bruzelius and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Friars transformed the relationship of the church to laymen by taking religion outside to public and domestic spaces. Mendicant commitment to apostolic poverty bound friars to donors in an exchange of donations in return for intercessory prayers and burial: association with friars was believed to reduce the suffering of purgatory. Mendicant convents became urban cemeteries, warehouses filled with family tombs, flags, shields, and private altars. As mendicants became progressively institutionalized and sought legitimacy, friars adopted the architectural structures of monasticism: chapter houses, cloisters, dormitories, and refectories. They also created piazzas for preaching and burying outside their churches. Construction depended on assembling adequate funding from communes, confraternities, and private individuals; it was also sometimes supported by the expropriation of property from heretics. Because of irregular funding, construction was episodic, with substantial changes in scale and design. Choir screens served as temporary west facades while funds were raised for completion. This is the first book to analyze the friars' influence on the growth and transformation of medieval buildings and urban spaces. "--
Download or read book How to Write the History of the New World written by Jorge Cañizares-Esguerra and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Economist Book of the Year, 2001. In the 18th century, a debate ensued over the French naturalist Buffon’s contention that the New World was in fact geologically new. Historians, naturalists, and philosophers clashed over Buffon’s view. This book maintains that the “dispute” was also a debate over historical authority: upon whose sources and facts should naturalists and historians reconstruct the history of the New World and its people. In addressing this question, the author offers a strikingly novel interpretation of the Enlightenment.
Download or read book Speaking of Spain written by Antonio Feros and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2017-04-03 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Momentous changes swept Spain in the fifteenth century. A royal marriage united Castile and Aragon, its two largest kingdoms. The last Muslim emirate on the Iberian Peninsula fell to Spanish Catholic armies. And conquests in the Americas were turning Spain into a great empire. Yet few in this period of flourishing Spanish power could define “Spain” concretely, or say with any confidence who were Spaniards and who were not. Speaking of Spain offers an analysis of the cultural and political forces that transformed Spain’s diverse peoples and polities into a unified nation. Antonio Feros traces evolving ideas of Spanish nationhood and Spanishness in the discourses of educated elites, who debated whether the union of Spain’s kingdoms created a single fatherland (patria) or whether Spain remained a dynastic monarchy comprised of separate nations. If a unified Spain was emerging, was it a pluralistic nation, or did “Spain” represent the imposition of the dominant Castilian culture over the rest? The presence of large communities of individuals with Muslim and Jewish ancestors and the colonization of the New World brought issues of race to the fore as well. A nascent civic concept of Spanish identity clashed with a racialist understanding that Spaniards were necessarily of pure blood and “white,” unlike converted Jews and Muslims, Amerindians, and Africans. Gradually Spaniards settled the most intractable of these disputes. By the time the liberal Constitution of Cádiz (1812) was ratified, consensus held that almost all people born in Spain’s territories, whatever their ethnicity, were Spanish.
Download or read book Towns in Medieval Hungary written by L. Gerević and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Spanish Resurgence 1713 1748 written by Christopher Storrs and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2016-10-25 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major reassessment of Philip V's leadership and what it meant for the modern Spanish state Often dismissed as ineffective, indolent, and dominated by his second wife, Philip V of Spain (1700–1746), the first Bourbon king, was in fact the greatest threat to peace in Europe during his reign. Under his rule, Spain was a dynamic force and expansionist power, especially in the Mediterranean world. Campaigns in Italy and North Africa revitalized Spanish control in the Mediterranean region, and the arrival of the Bourbon dynasty signaled a sharp break from Habsburg attitudes and practices. Challenging long-held understandings of early eighteenth-century Europe and the Atlantic world, Christopher Storrs draws on a rich array of primary documents to trace the political, military, and financial innovations that laid the framework for the modern Spanish state and the coalescence of a national identity. Storrs illuminates the remarkable revival of Spanish power after 1713 and sheds new light on the often underrated king who made Spain’s resurgence possible.
Download or read book Enlightened Absolutism written by H.M. Scott and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 1990-03-05 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each book in this series is designed to make available to students important new work on key historical problems and periods that they encounter. Each volume, devoted to a central topic or theme, contains specially comisssioned essays from scholars in the relevant field. These provide an assessment of a particular aspect, pointing out areas of development and controversy and indicating where conclusions can be drawn or where further work is necessary, while an editorial introduction reviews the problem or period as a whole. In this text the contributors assess reform and reformers in late 18th century Europe, covering such topics as Catherine the Great, the Danish reformers, the Habsburg Monarchy and events in Spain and Italy.
