Download or read book A Study of the Heterogeneity of a Metal Surface by Gas Adsorption Techniques written by John Joseph Chessick and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Adsorption of Gases on Heterogeneous Surfaces written by W. Rudzinski and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 619 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All real solid surfaces are heterogeneous to a greater or lesser extent and this book provides a broad yet detailed survey of the present state of gas adsorption. Coverage is comprehensive and extends from basic principles to computer simulation of adsorption. Underlying concepts are clarified and the strengths and weaknesses of the various methods described are discussed. Adsorption isotherm equations for various types of heterogeneous solid surfaces Methods of determining the nature of surface heterogeneity and porosity from experimental data Studies of phase behavior of gases absorbed on heterogeneous solid surfaces Computer simulation of adsorption on heterogeneous solid surfaces

Download or read book Equilibria and Dynamics of Gas Adsorption on Heterogeneous Solid Surfaces written by W.A. Steele and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-12-17 with total page 909 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fact that the surfaces of real solids are geometrically distorted and chemically non-uniform has long been realized by the scientists investigating various phenomena occurring on solid surfaces. Even in the case when diffraction experiments show a well-organized bulk solid structure, the surface atoms or molecules will usually exhibit a much smaller degree of surface organization. In addition to the results obtained from electron diffraction, this can be seen in the impressive images obtained from STM and AFM microscopies. This geometric and chemical disorder is the source of the energetic heterogeneity for molecules adsorbing on real solid surfaces. Hundreds of papers have been published showing that this heterogeneity is a major factor in determining the behaviour of real adsorption systems. Studies of adsorption on energetically heterogeneous surfaces have proceeded along three somewhat separate paths, with only minor coupling of ideas. One was the study of adsorption equilibria on heterogeneous solid surfaces. The second path was the study of time evolution of adsorption processes such as surface diffusion or adsorption-desorption kinetics on heterogeneous surfaces, and the third was the study of adsorption in porous solids, or more generally, adsorption in systems with limited dimensions. The present monograph is a first attempt to provide a synthesis of the ways that surface geometric and energetic heterogeneities affect both the equilibria and the time evolution of adsorption on real solids. The book contains 17 chapters written by a team of internationally recognized specialists, some of whom have already published books on adsorption.

Download or read book Gas Adsorption in Metal Organic Frameworks written by T. Grant Glover and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text discusses the synthesis, characterization, and application of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for the purpose of adsorbing gases. It provides details on the fundamentals of thermodynamics, mass transfer, and diffusion that are commonly required when evaluating MOF materials for gas separation and storage applications and includes a discussion of molecular simulation tools needed to examine gas adsorption in MOFs. Additionally, the work presents techniques that can be used to characterize MOFs after gas adsorption has occurred and provides guidance on the water stability of these materials. Lastly, applications of MOFs are considered with a discussion of how to measure the gas storage capacity of MOFs, a discussion of how to screen MOFs to for filtration applications, and a discussion of the use of MOFs to perform industrial separations, such as olefin/paraffin separations. Throughout the work, fundamental information, such as a discussion on the calculation of MOF surface area and description of adsorption phenomena in packed-beds, is balanced with a discussion of the results from research literature.

Download or read book Adsorption desorption Behavior of Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Metal Surfaces written by Thaine W. Reynolds and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effect of Surface Heterogeneity on Adsorption from Gas and Liquid Mixtures written by Di-Yi Ou and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Chemisorption And Reactions On Metallic Films V2 written by J Anderson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemisorption and Reactions on Metallic Films, Volume 2 is a four-chapter text that describes the role of evaporated metal films in advancing the understanding of the metal-gas interface chemistry and in understanding of adsorption and catalysis at metal surfaces. This volume first describes film structure and properties, particularly of random polycrystalline films, as well as the concepts of the adsorption and kinetic phenomena. The topic is followed by an overview of the main classes of catalytic reactions that have been studied over evaporated metal film catalysts. A chapter explores the preparation, characterization, structure, and surface properties of alloy films. The theory of the oxidation of metals and the advantages and disadvantages of using thin metal films in oxidation work are considered in the concluding chapter, along with a brief discussion on their use in kinetic and mechanistic studies. Research scientists and graduate students who are interested in the fundamentals of adsorption and catalysis will find this volume invaluable.

Download or read book Equilibria and dynamics of gas adsorption on heterogeneous solid surfaces written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 890 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Doctoral Dissertations Accepted by American Universities written by Donald Bean Gilchrist and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1954 with total page 1496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bulletin written by United States. Bureau of Mines and published by . This book was released on 1954 with total page 1574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Adsorption of Gases on Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Surfaces written by Sadok Ephraim Hoory and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Metal and Gas Adsorption on High surface area Catalyst Support Materials written by Wei Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Along with the increase in the world population and global economy, the world primary energy consumption is also growing year by year, which in turn has brought about energy shortage and global warming. Developing renewable energy and increasing its total fraction in the world energy portfolio is one of the strategies to tackle the energy and environmental hurdles. The forward progression can be seen in that 14.8% of the increase in primary energy in 2017 was provided by renewable energy (including biofuels), which grew rapidly driven by robust growth in both wind and solar power. However, the total fraction of world energy portfolio from all renewables is expected to amount to just 8% according to the report published by National Research Council in 2008 and fossil fuels will be a major part of the world primary energy portfolio for the next few decades to come. Therefore, accelerating the pace of improvement in energy productivity (i.e., the amount of energy needed to produce a unit of output), especially the utilization of fossil fuels, becomes an urgent task. In order to complete this task, this dissertation brings two strategies into attention, (1) developing highly active, selective, and thermodynamically stable heterogeneous catalysts for the chemicals and energy industries and (2) developing and applying porous adsorbent materials for the capture of CO2 and other toxic gases and for the storage and utilization of cleaner, high-energy-density, and lower-carbon fuels such as hydrogen and methane. Heterogeneous catalysis has been at the center of the chemicals and energy industries since more than 90% of chemical manufacturing processes utilize catalysts. Late transition metal nanoparticles supported on high area oxide surfaces are the key ingredients of many catalysts and electrocatalysts with numerous applications in the energy, chemical, and environmental industries. The catalytic activity and selectivity of these catalysts often varies dramatically with the size and shape of the metal nanoparticles, and with the support materials. In many cases, the supported metal nanoparticles are rendered inactive due to particle sintering (i.e., coarsening into fewer, larger particles), which also depends strongly on the particle size and support materials. These properties have been proven to be closely correlated with the strength of bonding of the metal atom and nanoparticles to the support surface. To clarify structure–activity relationships in such catalysts and their sintering kinetics, our group has been measuring the strength of the interaction between metal nanoparticles and the support surfaces using metal vapor adsorption calorimetry. Chapter 2 describes the standard procedure and experimental setup for metal vapor adsorption calorimetry and equilibrium adsorption isotherm (EAI). The metal vapor adsorption calorimeter described in Section 2.1 has been applied to drop-cast films of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) NU-1000 described in Chapter 3. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) system described in Section 2.2 has been used to measure equilibrium adsorption isotherms for many small gases on NU-100 in Chapter 6. A Zr-based metal–organic framework (MOF) NU-1000 as a heterogeneous catalyst support onto which transition metal nanoparticles can be deposited is introduced in Chapter 3. The nature and energy of the reactions between Ca vapor and the internal surfaces of the NU-1000 have been studied by adsorption microcalorimetry, low energy He+ ion scattering spectroscopy (LEIS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Kohn−Sham density functional theory (DFT). Chapter 4 introduces a novel calorimeter design to study metal vapor adsorption calorimetry on surfaces of nanomaterials that are deposited from liquid solutions, as is typical when preparing industrial catalyst materials. It uses a LiTaO3 crystal for heat detection, which has a Curie point of 893 K, thus theoretically allowing samples to be heated up to ~890 K to clean before use. Its capability has been demonstrated by measuring the bond energies of Ag vapor onto the clean surfaces of high-surface-area TiO2 powdered support materials. Mixed or binary metal oxides (i.e., oxides with two metal elements) are often used as supports in catalysis with considerable improvement on various aspects of catalyst performance. Chapter 5 proves that we can measure adsorption energies, using the new metal vapor adsorption calorimeter introduced in Chapter 4, on any atomically smooth well-ordered mixed-oxide surface and demonstrates that thin Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of layered perovskite nanosheets provide a powerful new approach to study surface chemistry on single-crystal mixed-oxide surfaces. A shift away from coal and oil into cleaner, high-energy-density, and lower-carbon fuels such as hydrogen and methane, is considered as another strategy to increase energy efficiency and alleviate greenhouse effect. While hydrogen and methane have so many ubiquitous merits, the biggest challenge for large-scale transportation and utilization is to develop a safe, lightweight, and economical gas storage technique. The Zr-based MOF NU-1000 is a particularly interesting adsorbent material for gas storage and separation because it is water- and temperature-stable, has a high BET surface area and large pore volumes that allow NU-1000 to efficiently trap various gas molecules inside its framework. Its application as a storage media for gas molecules depends on the adsorption capacity and selectivity for the adsorbates of interest. As such, Chapter 6 reports the combined experimental and theoretical study of small gases adsorption on NU-1000, which make NU-1000 perhaps the best understood MOF in terms of gas adsorption properties and serve as a prototype system for studying the surface chemistry of MOFs in general, thus guiding most applications on MOFs. To sum up, this dissertation provides deeper and systematic understandings of metal and gas adsorption on high-surface-area catalyst support materials, in the fields of heterogeneous catalysis and gas storage and separation relevant to energy and environmental industries. Here, I want to emphasize the importance of the new metal adsorption calorimeter introduced in Chapter 4. To clarify the structure–activity relationships in supported metal nanoparticle catalysts and their sintering kinetics, researchers have adopted a model catalysts approach whereby structurally well-defined samples are prepared by vapor deposition of the metal onto single-crystal oxide surfaces, which encounters the well-known “materials gap” with respect to real industrial catalysts. To bridge this materials gap, this calorimeter allows one to measure the strength of metal atom bonding and the adhesion energy of metal nanoparticles to clean surfaces of technologically relevant catalyst support materials. This opens up new opportunities for discovering better support materials and for basic scientific study of structure / function relationships with respect to metal / support bond energies.

Download or read book Adsorption on New and Modified Inorganic Sorbents written by A. Dabrowski and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-01-15 with total page 945 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been a lack of authoritative, current information on the structure, investigation and preparation of inorganic sorbents, their numerous applications as well as the adsorption from gaseous and liquid phases on new and chemically modified inorganic solids. This volume deals with the above-mentioned themes and presents 34 up-to-date comprehensive and critical reviews written by well-recognized authorities. The sorbents discussed are primarily mineral ones. Each contribution treats a problem critically by showing its development, presenting documentation on the state-of-the-art and identifying subjects for further research. The book will be of interest to researchers in academic institutes and industrial laboratories engaged in the fields of surface chemistry, inorganic chemistry, adsorption, ion-exchange, catalysis, chromatography and spectroscopy of the surface phenomena, as well as to students attending graduate and postgraduate courses.

Download or read book Adsorption on Metal Surfaces written by Jacques Bénard and published by Elsevier Science & Technology. This book was released on 1983 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evolution in methods of investigation and concepts; Properties of clean metal substrates; Equilibrium adsorption and surface segregation; Structure and crystallography of adsorbed layers; Epitaxial growth: the problem of the interface; Effects of adsorption on some fundamental substrate properties; Adsorption - desorption kinetics and catalysis on single crystals; Influence of adsorption on electrochemical properties; Composition of grain boundaries in binary alloys; The influence of chemisorption on adhesion and friction.

Download or read book Computational Methods in Surface and Colloid Science written by Malgorzata Borowko and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-04-23 with total page 984 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents computer simulation methods and mathematical modelling of physical processes used in surface science research. It offers in-depth analysis of advanced theoretical approaches to behaviours of fluids in contact with porous, semiporous and nonporous solid surfaces. The book also explores interfacial systems for a wide variety of p