Download or read book A Study of Subsurface Pressures and Temperatures in Flowing Wells in the East Texas Field and the Application of These Data to Reservoir and Vertical flow Problems written by Carl Ernest Reistle and published by . This book was released on 1933 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Study of Subsurface Pressures and Temperatures in Flowing Wells in the East Texas Field and the Application of These Data to Reservoir and Vertical flow Problems written by Carl Ernest Reistle and published by . This book was released on 1933 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Study of Subsurface Pressures and Temperatures in Flowing Wells in the East Texas Field and the Application of These Data to Reservoir and Vertical flow Problems written by Carl Ernest Reistle and published by . This book was released on 1933 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Preliminary Notes on the Study of Subsurface Pressures and Temperatures in Flowing Wells in the East Texas Field and the Application of These Data to Reservoir and Vertical flow Problems written by Carl Ernest Reistle and published by . This book was released on 1933 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Flow and Transport in Subsurface Environment written by Natarajan Narayanan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-26 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a collection of contributions from experts working on flow and transport in porous media around the globe. The book includes chapters authored by engineers, scientists, and mathematicians on single and multiphase flow and transport in homogeneous as well as heterogeneous porous media. Addressing various experimental, analytical, and modeling aspects of transport in sub-surface domains, the book offers a valuable resource for graduate students, researchers, and professionals alike.
Download or read book Development of a Distributed Near Real time Subsurface Pressure and Temperature Measurement System written by Yuanhang Chen and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Experimental Study of Subsurface Return Flow written by Mohsen-Mohtachem Gharagozlou and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pressure Drop in Two phase Flow written by Robert Henry Moen and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Abnormal Subsurface Pressure written by Houston Geological Society. Abnormal Pressure Study Group and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Subsurface Heating and Irrigation of Soils written by E. W. R. Barlow and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thermal Properties and Temperature Related Behavior of Rock Fluid Systems written by W.H. Somerton and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1992-03-02 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together for the first time the results of research on the thermal properties and temperature-related behavior of rocks with their contained fluids, under subsurface environmental conditions. These data are of increasing importance with increased application of underground processes involving high temperature and, in some cases, low temperature environments. Some of the important processes are described in which thermal data are needed. Chapters deal with thermal properties of rocks, including heat capacities, thermal conductivities and thermal diffusivities under conditions simulating subsurface environments. Discussion about the difficulty in measuring thermal properties of rock/fluid systems is included along with newly-developed models for predicting thermal properties from more-easily measured properties. The effects of thermal reactions in rocks, differential thermal expansion, and thermal alterations are discussed in separate chapters. The effects of temperature on rock properties, as distinct from the irreversible effects of heating, are reviewed. Lastly the book deals with wellbore applications of thermal and high-temperature behavior of rocks and methods of deducing thermal properties from geophysical logs run in boreholes. Appendices include thermal units conversion factors and thermal properties of some typical reservoir rocks and fluids.
Download or read book Impact of Low Temperature Electrical Resistance Heating on Subsurface Flow and Mass Transport written by Magdalena Maria Krol and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis examined the effect of sub-boiling temperatures on subsurface flow and mass transport, as a result of electrical resistance heating (ERH). Low temperature ERH was simulated using a newly developed two-dimensional, electro-thermal, flow and transport model (ETM). To capture the non-isothermal processes in the subsurface during low temperature ERH, the ETM included temperature dependent equations for density, viscosity, and electrical conductivity. The model was validated with laboratory experiments in which voltage distribution, instantaneous power, temperature, and tracer transport were measured. Both the tracer experiments and the simulation results indicated that flow and contaminant movement could be significantly impacted by low temperature ERH due to temperature induced buoyant flow.The results of this thesis demonstrated that sub-boiling temperatures affect subsurface flow and mass transport, especially when temperature-induced buoyant flow occurred. Although this study focused on ERH applications, the results may be applicable to other subsurface thermal activities such as geothermal heating,The second part of the thesis examined the effect of soil heterogeneity, electrical conductivity and applied groundwater flux on energy and mass transport. The impact of these factors was evaluated using the ANOVA analysis. To examine soil heterogeneity effects, random permeability fields for two aquifers with varying levels of heterogeneity were generated. Higher soil electrical conductivity values increased the power dissipated and resulted in shorter heating times and quicker onset of buoyant flow. Consequently, electrical conductivity had a statistically significant effect on the subsurface energy distribution. The applied groundwater flux had a strong effect on heat and mass transport with lower velocities resulting in upward plume movement due to buoyancy effects. In addition, buoyant flow was observed to dominate over flow through high permeability zones.The last chapter of the thesis investigated the formation and movement of discrete gas bubbles during ERH by combining ETM with a macroscopic invasion percolation (MIP) model. The model simulated soils with different permeabilities and entry pressures at various operating temperatures and groundwater velocities. It was observed that discrete bubble formation occurred in all soils, with upward mobility being limited by lower temperatures and higher entry pressures. By including the MIP model, the resulting aqueous concentrations were significantly different from results obtained with a conventional advective-dispersive model, especially in high permeability soils. This was due to bubbles moving to cooler areas, collapsing, and contaminating previously clean zones. This cooling effect also let to possible non aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) formation.In the first part of the thesis, the ETM was used to study the onset of buoyant flow in the subsurface and its effect on contaminant transport. Buoyant flow was predicted to occur when the ratio between the Rayleigh and thermal Peclet numbers (buoyancy ratio), was greater than 1. The buoyancy ratio was expressed in terms of subsurface temperature, thermal expansion coefficient and hydraulic gradient, thus facilitating its application to subsurface thermal activities. The effect of buoyant flow on contaminant transport was found to be dependent on the buoyancy ratio and Rayleigh number.
Download or read book The Evaluation of Subsurface Fluid Migration Using Noble Gas Tracers and Numerical Modeling written by William Karl Eymold and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluid flow in the subsurface is a complex phenomenon, significantly affected by geologic characteristics such as porosity and permeability, temperature, compaction, sedimentation, and tectonic processes. The upper crust is often faulted and fractured, and these structural features will alter the inherent geophysical properties of the formations in which they are contained. Because individual techniques used to evaluate crustal fluids, paleo-temperature conditions of formations, and migration pathways each have their own limitations, multidisciplinary approaches must be developed to infer geologic history and past events of fluid flow accurately. In order to interrogate migration pathways and sources of crustal fluids, noble gases have been used to identify mechanisms of fluid flow, hydrocarbon origin, and constrain the temperature conditions of physical processes and chemical reactions. The inert nature and well-constrained sources of noble gases allows them to retain information about geologic history of fluids and rocks over time. Specific isotopic signatures and changes to ratios can distinguish styles of mixing or deformation that occurs during the development of sedimentary basins and orogenic fluid flow. Here, samples collected from the Karoo Basin in South Africa provide an opportunity to analyze the geochemistry of groundwater prior to petroleum exploration. In the Karoo Basin, a field study of the water geochemistry of groundwaters collected before industrial activity showed that naturally-occurring methane was present in the majority of samples and was associated with high salinity and high concentrations of crustal noble gases. The presence of atmospheric noble gases in these samples also suggests fractionation as the natural gas migrated from its source and was emplaced in shallow aquifers. Areas with higher intensity of faulting and fracturing in the Karoo served as preferential pathways during this fluid migration and may still operate that way at present. The effects of faults on fluid flow are further studied in this work by assessing the noble gas distributions along the damage zone of a thrust fault in the Northern Appalachian Basin in New York. Near the fault plane, the 4He concentrations display ~90% loss of the amount predicted and measured in samples further from the fault. The noble gas distribution supports previous fault assessments determined by calculations based on the geometry of the fault core, damage zone, and displacement and suggests that this fault served as a conduit during multiple episodes of fluid flow in the past. Numerical simulations are also beneficial to determine the rates of fluid migration over time and predict advection and diffusion of subsurface fluids based on observed data. By calculating diffusive loss of 4He from quartz grains, predictions can be made regarding the temperature history and permeability of the fault and local system. The formation of gas hydrates in porous sediments beneath the seafloor requires methanogenesis of organic matter and migration of natural gas into appropriate depths where pressure and temperature conditions lead to stability. Calculations based on noble gas observations along the fault damage zone can be used to evaluate retention or release of noble gases in crustal rock and simulations of methane production and migration processes based on input parameters from real world data can be used to predict the occurrence of gas hydrate in Blake Ridge using the flow and transport simulator, PFLOTRAN. By combining field, laboratory, and computational approaches, the results from these interdisciplinary studies offer greater understanding of subsurface flow and can be used to emplace more realistic constraints on geologic inferences.
Download or read book Subsurface Pressure Regulation of High Pressure Condensate Wells written by John Oscar Farmer and published by . This book was released on 1942 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The discovery of deeper production and higher pressures has resulted in the need for control equipment for preserving and protecting these great reservoirs of energy; and, in the case of high pressure condensate wells, has resulted in the need for means for preventing freezing or hydrate solidification caused by throttling the production. Development of a successful removable subsurface regulator has enabled operators to reduce dangerously high surface flowing pressures to safe workable limits; and, by moving the point of principal pressure reduction from the surface to warmer subsurface levels, has resulted in complete elimination of freezing conditions in flow lines. Development and operation of the regulator are described, and charts and tables for use in determining proper depths and pressure reductions for preventing freezing are shown. Other results, heretofore considered subordinate, such as reduction and stabilization of condensate ratios, and retarding of water encroachment, have been observed. Possibility of the use of subsurface regulators to establish conditions in the tubing string most favorable for condensate precipitations noted. Further technical research is desired relative to the use of subsurface regulators for controlling temperatures and pressures in the flow string to obtain conditions most conducive to condensate precipitation and an increased condensate recovery"--Abstract, leaves [2-3].
Download or read book Process based Characterizations of Subsurface Fluid Pressures for a Devil s Slide like System written by Matthew A. Thomas and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coastal margins host slope stability hazards that are influenced by hydrologic, geologic, and / or anthropogenic perturbations. This dissertation is motivated by the hydrologically-driven, creeping and episodic deep-seated bedrock slides that intersect a former section of the Pacific Coast Highway in the active landslide zone at Devil's Slide near Pacifica, California. Serendipitously, the timing of this study correlated with an outpouring of subsurface data associated with geotechnical exploration along the Tom Lantos Tunnels at Devil's Slide. The focus of this effort weighs heavily on process-based hydrology in that the main objective was to test the hypothesis that simulated hydrologic response within the saturated subsurface, for a Devil's Slide-like system, can produce the elevated fluid pressures needed to generate slope instability. In the first phase of this study, an extensive photo record, historically-based digital elevation model, and a loosely coupled water-balance / limit-equilibrium approach are leveraged to better understand the spatial and temporal characteristics of the slope instability problem at Devil's Slide. In the second phase of this study, numerical simulation of three-dimensional (3D) subsurface flow is utilized to investigate fluid pressure response for the active landslide zone. The foundation of these simulations rests upon a newly conceptualized geology for a Devil's Slide-like system. In the third phase of this study, concept-development simulation is employed to quantify the influence of historically-based climate forcings and end-member parameterizations of the subsurface on fluid pressures throughout the study area. This effort combines previously unavailable information, careful field measurements, and sophisticated numerical simulations. Contributions from this study demonstrate that, for a Devil's Slide-like system, (i) the careful dissection of photo records is critical to inventory the distribution / components of a landslide complex, (ii) observed episodic slip rates can easily differ from average rates of retreat by an order of magnitude, (iii) a water-balance alone cannot provide process-based insights, (iv) specific climatic conditions facilitate variable lag times associated with water table dynamics, (v) recharge is the most sensitive parameter to establish risk-averse estimates of fluid pressure, (vi) nuances in the 3D flow field related to fault zone characteristics markedly influence fluid pressures, and (vii) it is unlikely that seasonal fluctuations in the regional water table account for severe failure modes. The 3D saturated-zone simulations conducted for this study estimate slope instability on the average, but they do not resolve event-based failure. Perched water, identified here as a plausible hydrologic response for Devil's Slide, likely promotes slope failure at the site. The perched-water hypothesis, born out of the concept-development simulations conducted for this study, encourages new, interdisciplinary data discovery to characterize the unsaturated near surface and parameterize / evaluate transient simulations of 3D variably-saturated flow.
Download or read book Subsurface Investigations at the Roosevelt KGRA Utah Final Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An investigation of the geothermal reservoir in the Roosevelt Hot Springs Known Geothermal Resource Area in Utah was carried out. The objective of this effort was to develop predictions for well production capacities, based on data taken during field tests and through use of a computer model. In turn, the production information could then be used in design optimization and economic analyses for development of the resource under study. Flow tests of a geothermal well, Utah State 14-2, were conducted. Data consisting of pressure and temperature logs as a function of depth were obtained. Maximum recorded temperature was 503°F (262°C) and maximum pressure, 954 psia (6.58MPa) as measured under flow conditions. Tests were run at rates up to 580,000 lb/hr (73.3 kg/sec) total flow. The information gathered during the testing was reduced and compared to results of a predictive computer model. Reservoir conditions in the Roosevelt Hot Springs KGRA are such that two-phase flow exists in the wellbore and, in some cases, also in the reservoir itself. The computer model employed in the analysis reflects current efforts to improve the state-of-the-art in the prediction of two-phase pressure drops in vertical systems. Predictions at flowrates of up to 300,000 lb/hr (38 kg/sec) matched quite well with test data, while modeling at higher flowrates (to maximum tested) showed progressively greater deviation from test data. Cause of the observed degradation is postulated to be the movement of the flash horizon into the reservoir, due to drawdown at high flowrates.
Download or read book Subsurface Investigations at the Roosevelt Kgra Utah written by James Butz and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
