Download or read book A Study of Calcium Carbonate Chemistry in the Oceans with Emphasis on the Effect of Dissolved Organic Matter written by Kilho Park and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ocean Acidification written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-09-14 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ocean has absorbed a significant portion of all human-made carbon dioxide emissions. This benefits human society by moderating the rate of climate change, but also causes unprecedented changes to ocean chemistry. Carbon dioxide taken up by the ocean decreases the pH of the water and leads to a suite of chemical changes collectively known as ocean acidification. The long term consequences of ocean acidification are not known, but are expected to result in changes to many ecosystems and the services they provide to society. Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean reviews the current state of knowledge, explores gaps in understanding, and identifies several key findings. Like climate change, ocean acidification is a growing global problem that will intensify with continued CO2 emissions and has the potential to change marine ecosystems and affect benefits to society. The federal government has taken positive initial steps by developing a national ocean acidification program, but more information is needed to fully understand and address the threat that ocean acidification may pose to marine ecosystems and the services they provide. In addition, a global observation network of chemical and biological sensors is needed to monitor changes in ocean conditions attributable to acidification.
Download or read book Ocean Acidification written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-10-14 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ocean has absorbed a significant portion of all human-made carbon dioxide emissions. This benefits human society by moderating the rate of climate change, but also causes unprecedented changes to ocean chemistry. Carbon dioxide taken up by the ocean decreases the pH of the water and leads to a suite of chemical changes collectively known as ocean acidification. The long term consequences of ocean acidification are not known, but are expected to result in changes to many ecosystems and the services they provide to society. Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean reviews the current state of knowledge, explores gaps in understanding, and identifies several key findings. Like climate change, ocean acidification is a growing global problem that will intensify with continued CO2 emissions and has the potential to change marine ecosystems and affect benefits to society. The federal government has taken positive initial steps by developing a national ocean acidification program, but more information is needed to fully understand and address the threat that ocean acidification may pose to marine ecosystems and the services they provide. In addition, a global observation network of chemical and biological sensors is needed to monitor changes in ocean conditions attributable to acidification.
Download or read book Ocean Acidification written by Jean-Pierre Gattuso and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2011-09-15 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ocean helps moderate climate change thanks to its considerable capacity to store CO2, through the combined actions of ocean physics, chemistry, and biology. This storage capacity limits the amount of human-released CO2 remaining in the atmosphere. As CO2 reacts with seawater, it generates dramatic changes in carbonate chemistry, including decreases in pH and carbonate ions and an increase in bicarbonate ions. The consequences of this overall process, known as "ocean acidification", are raising concerns for the biological, ecological, and biogeochemical health of the world's oceans, as well as for the potential societal implications. This research level text is the first to synthesize the very latest understanding of the consequences of ocean acidification, with the intention of informing both future research agendas and marine management policy. A prestigious list of authors has been assembled, among them the coordinators of major national and international projects on ocean acidification.
Download or read book Kinetics of Carbonate seawater Interactions written by Francois Pesret and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of the calcium carbonate removed from the oceans is precipitated out by pelagic organisms living in the upper layers of the world's oceans. However, only a small fraction of that amount accumulates on the ocean floor as sediments. Thus, there is the question of where the dissolution takes place. This question will not be finally answered until the chemical process of the dissolution in seawater is fully understood. Since most oceanic waters are out of equilibrium with the calcium carbonate system, it is more important to consider the kinetics of the reaction, rather than the equilibrium itself. Using the spinning disk method, an experimental set-up was devised to study the rate of dissolution of calcite in aqueous solutions. Different models were developed to describe the reaction and to estimate what chemical processes may take place. The object of this study was to compare the relative influence of individual seawater constituents such as Mg(++), Sr(++), Ba(++), Ca(++), SO4( -- ), PO4(3- ), and dissolved organic matter, on the rate of calcite solution. (Author).
Download or read book Proceedings of the First National Coastal and Shallow Water Research Conference written by Donn S. Gorsline and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 940 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of the National Coastal and Shallow Water Research Conference written by National Science Foundation (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 944 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Abstracts of Dissertations for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy written by Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas. Graduate School and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guide to Best Practices for Ocean Acidification Research and Data Reporting written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book CO2 in Seawater Equilibrium Kinetics Isotopes written by R.E. Zeebe and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-10-15 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon dioxide is the most important greenhouse gas after water vapor in the atmosphere of the earth. More than 98% of the carbon of the atmosphere-ocean system is stored in the oceans as dissolved inorganic carbon. The key for understanding critical processes of the marine carbon cycle is a sound knowledge of the seawater carbonate chemistry, including equilibrium and nonequilibrium properties as well as stable isotope fractionation. Presenting the first coherent text describing equilibrium and nonequilibrium properties and stable isotope fractionation among the elements of the carbonate system. This volume presents an overview and a synthesis of these subjects which should be useful for graduate students and researchers in various fields such as biogeochemistry, chemical oceanography, paleoceanography, marine biology, marine chemistry, marine geology, and others. The volume includes an introduction to the equilibrium properties of the carbonate system in which basic concepts such as equilibrium constants, alkalinity, pH scales, and buffering are discussed. It also deals with the nonequilibrium properties of the seawater carbonate chemistry. Whereas principle of chemical kinetics are recapitulated, reaction rates and relaxation times of the carbonate system are considered in details. The book also provides a general introduction to stable isotope fractionation and describes the partitioning of carbon, oxygen, and boron isotopes between the species of the carbonate system. The appendix contains formulas for the equilibrium constants of the carbonate system, mathematical expressions to calculate carbonate system parameters, answers to exercises and more.
Download or read book Technical Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Oceanic Acidification written by Ronald Eisler and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-10-04 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book critically examines the available literature on oceanic acidification, including a historical review of pH and atmospheric CO2 levels over the millennia; natural and anthropogenic sources of CO2 to the atmosphere and sea surface; chemical, physical, and biological mode of action; biological effects of acidification to marine plants and an
Download or read book Tampa Bay Ocean Acidification and the Influence of Dissolved Organic Carbon on Accurate Carbonate System Measurements written by Miranda Ciel Conley and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocean acidification (OA) is the process by which sea water absorbs atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). As the concentration of CO2 in seawater increases, it causes the pH and the carbonate (CO3-) ion concentration within the seawater to decrease. This lowered pH can make it impossible for certain species to survive, which in turn can have catastrophic effects ecosystems. OA is monitored through the measurement of dissolved inorganic carbon, pCO2, pH, and total alkalinity (TA). The OA monitoring program in Tampa Bay has found that the measured TA is higher than the calculated TA. In this study, we sought to determine if organic alkalinity from dissolved organic carbon (DOC) could be responsible for the difference between measured and calculated TA, and if so, what the predominate forms of organic matter present were. DOC was characterized via Fourier-Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry. Phosphate, silicic acid and pH were evaluated using absorbance-based methods, and total CO2 was determined via titration in an open vessel. Measured TA was on average 20 u00b5mol/kg greater than the calculated TA. Nutrient analysis indicated that although silicic acid and phosphate are present in Tampa Bay, these nutrients contributed approximately 2 u00b5mol/kg to TA. However, the contribution of DOC suggested that organic compounds could be responsible for 8 u00b5mol/kg of the TA of alkalinity. This indicated that the organic alkalinity is likely responsible for 40% of the difference between measured and calculated TA. The average mass to charge ratio of the organic milieu was 350, with most compounds ranging from 200-500, and van Krevlen analysis indicates that most organic compounds were proteins.
Download or read book Reference written by and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Current Status of Marine Water Microbiology written by Ravindra Soni and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-12-09 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This contributed volume focuses on the latest innovations in the field of marine microbiology. Marine ecosystems are dynamic natural resources and home to very primitive life forms. They include open sea, deep sea, coastal marine ecosystem mudflats, seagrass meadows, mangroves, and rocky intertidal systems. This book deals with the various aspects of marine microbiology including diverse habitats, associated microorganisms, their adaptations, ecological interactions, biogeochemical cycling, and industrial applications. It also discusses the issue of pollution in oceans and put forward available strategies for its eco-friendly solution. In recent years, extensive research, advanced methodologies, and high-throughput instrumentation have resulted in voluminous data and information that require proper compilation and worldwide sharing. From this perspective, the book is a perfect documentation of primary and secondary data-based information on the latest research findings, case studies, experiences, and innovations in the field of marine microbiology. The book is of great use to students, researchers and professionals studying marine sciences.
Download or read book Climate Change and Environmental Impacts Past Present and Future Perspective written by Binita Phartiyal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-17 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earth’s climate varies even without human influence but the acceleration in the changing pattern with cause and effect by/to the civilisation is a matter of concern to scientists. These patterns are lessons to understand future trends and ways and means for mitigation. The extreme weather events in almost every region of the globe involving excessive loss of human life and property are causing anxiety in society and posing challenges before scientists and planners. Cyclical variations in the Earth’s climate occur at multiple time scales, from years to decades, centuries, and millennia. Cycles at each scale are caused by a variety of physical mechanisms. In the last 65 Ma only, there have been several cycles of glacial advances and retreat, with the abrupt end of the last ice age about 11,700 years ago marking the beginning of the modern climate era and human civilization. A multidisciplinary approach in studying the Earth’s changing climate will provide a holistic view and guide us in future planning and programming.
Download or read book Proceedings written by and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 944 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
