Download or read book A Single phase Current Source Solar Inverter with Constant Instantaneous Power Improved Reliability and Reduced size DC link Filter written by Craig R. Bush and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation presents a novel current source converter topology that is primarily intended for single-phase photovoltaic (PV) applications. In comparison with the existing PV inverter technology, the salient features of the proposed topology are: a) the low frequency (double of line frequency) ripple that is common to single-phase inverters is greatly reduced; b) the absence of low frequency ripple enables significantly reduced size pass components to achieve necessary DC-link stiffness and c) improved maximum power point tracking (MPPT) performance is readily achieved due to the tightened current ripple even with reduced-size passive components. The proposed topology does not utilize any electrolytic capacitors. Instead an inductor is used as the DC-link filter and reliable AC film capacitors are utilized for the filter and auxiliary capacitor. The proposed topology has a life expectancy on par with PV panels. The proposed modulation technique can be used for any current source inverter where an unbalanced three-phase operation is desires such as active filters and power controllers. The proposed topology is ready for the next phase of microgrid and power system controllers in that it accepts reactive power commands. This work presents the proposed topology and its working principle supported by with numerical verifications and hardware results. Conclusions and future work are also presented.

Download or read book A Comprehensive Guide to Solar Energy Systems written by Trevor Letcher and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-05-17 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Comprehensive Guide to Solar Energy Systems: With Special Focus on Photovoltaic Systems, the most advanced and research focused text on all aspects of solar energy engineering, is a must have edition on the present state of solar technology, integration and worldwide distribution. In addition, the book provides a high-level assessment of the growth trends in photovoltaics and how investment, planning and economic infrastructure can support those innovations. Each chapter includes a research overview with a detailed analysis and new case studies that look at how recent research developments can be applied. Written by some of the most forward-thinking professionals, this book is an invaluable reference for engineers. - Contains analysis of the latest high-level research and explores real world application potential in relation to developments - Uses system international (SI) units and imperial units throughout to appeal to global engineers - Offers measurable data written by a world expert in the field on the latest developments in this fast moving and vital subject

Download or read book Recent Developments on Power Inverters written by Ali Saghafinia and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-06-21 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book develops some methods and structures to improve the power inverters for different applications in a single-phase or three-phase output in recent years. The reduction of the switching devices and multilevel inverters as changing structure for the power inverters and PDM and PWM methods as changing control methods for the power inverter are studied in this book. Moreover, power inverters are developed to supply open-ended loads. Furthermore, the basic and advanced aspects of the electric drives that are control based are taught for induction motor (IM) based on power inverters suitable for both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. The main objective of this book is to provide the necessary background to improve and implement the high-performance inverters. Once the material in this book has been mastered, the reader will be able to apply these improvements in the power inverters to his or her problems for high-performance power inverters.

Download or read book Advanced DC AC Inverters written by Fang Lin Luo and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-28 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DC/AC inversion technology is of vital importance for industrial applications, including electrical vehicles and renewable energy systems, which require a large number of inverters. In recent years, inversion technology has developed rapidly, with new topologies improving the power factor and increasing power efficiency. Proposing many novel approaches, Advanced DC/AC Inverters: Applications in Renewable Energy describes advanced DC/AC inverters that can be used for renewable energy systems. The book introduces more than 100 topologies of advanced inverters originally developed by the authors, including more than 50 new circuits. It also discusses recently published cutting-edge topologies. Novel PWM and Multilevel Inverters The book first covers traditional pulse-width-modulation (PWM) inverters before moving on to new quasi-impedance source inverters and soft-switching PWM inverters. It then examines multilevel DC/AC inverters, which have overcome the drawbacks of PWM inverters and provide greater scope for industrial applications. The authors propose four novel multilevel inverters: laddered multilevel inverters, super-lift modulated inverters, switched-capacitor inverters, and switched-inductor inverters. With simple structures and fewer components, these inverters are well suited for renewable energy systems. Get the Best Switching Angles for Any Multilevel Inverter A key topic for multilevel inverters is the need to manage the switching angles to obtain the lowest total harmonic distortion (THD). The authors outline four methods for finding the best switching angles and use simulation waveforms to verify the design. The optimum switching angles for multilevel DC/AC inverters are also listed in tables for quick reference. Application Examples of DC/AC Inverters in Renewable Energy Systems Highlighting the importance of inverters in improving energy saving and power-supply quality, the final chapter of the book supplies design examples for applications in wind turbine and solar panel energy systems. Written by pioneers in advanced conversion and inversion technology, this book guides readers in designing more effective DC/AC inverters for use in renewable energy systems.

Download or read book Reliability Analysis of Single phase Photovoltaic Inverters with Reactive Power Support written by Charles J. Murray and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reactive power support is expected to be an emerging ancillary requirement for single-phase photovoltaic (PV) inverters. This work assesses related reliability issues and focuses on the second stage or inversion process in PV inverters. Three PV inverter topologies are analyzed and their reliability is determined on a component-by-component level. Limiting operating points are considered for each of these topologies. The capacitor in the dc link, the MOSFETs in the inverting bridge, and the output filter are the components affected. Studies show that varying power-factor operation with a constant real power output increases the energy storage requirement as well as the capacitance required in the dc link in order to produce the double-frequency power ripple. The overall current rating of the MOSFETs and output filter must also be sized to accommodate the current for the apparent power output. Modeling of the inverter verifies the conditions for each of the components under varying reactive power support commands. It is shown that the production of reactive power can significantly increase the capacitance requirement, but the limiting reliability issue comes from the increased output current rating of the MOSFETs.

Download or read book Low cost Current source 1 ph Photovoltaic Grid connected Inverter written by Gürhan Ertaşgin and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research investigates a complete analysis and investigation of a single-phase currentsource (CSI) grid-connected inverter topology that is based on a photovoltaic array as a supply and a DC link inductor acting as a constant-current source. The proposed low-cost system is implemented using an open-loop control to prove the concept. Then a well-known feedforward compensation control is implemented to achieve acceptable total harmonic distortion of the inverter output current. A single boost switch (based on a switched-mode rectifier) has a duty-cycle that is modulated sinusoidally at the mains (grid) frequency such that it produces an output current that appears a full-wave rectified sinewave that is synchronised to the grid voltage. Additionally, a H-bridge inverter circuit and a capacitive-inductive low-pass grid filter is used to unfold, filter and feed the sinusoidal output current into the grid. A number of detailed PV array models are studied and used in the simulations. The relationship between the PV array output ripple and the DC link energy storage (element) for single-phase grid-connected inverters is analysed. The "balanced" ripple definition is introduced to estimate the PV array output power reduction due to ripple. The proposed grid-connected CSI topology is idealised which ignores : component losses, voltage drops, PWM switching and low-pass output filter resonance effects. Normalised simulations are carried out to investigate DC link energy storage, modulation index and irradiance variation effects with an emphasis on meeting the power factor (PF) and total harmonic distortion (THD) grid requirements. The low-pass grid filter optimisation for the proposed topology is studied showing a trade-off between the output current THD, power loss, and quality factor. A 160 W inverter is implemented and a set of comprehensive test results obtained to verify the simulations using open-loop and feedforward compensation control. To conclude, a 1.2 kW grid-connected inverter based on the proposed low-cost topology was designed and simulated. Its simulated efficiency of 95% was higher than that of the 160 W inverter.

Download or read book Single DC Source Multilevel Inverters written by Hani Vahedi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-23 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to distinguish the single-de-source multilevel inverter topologies and to teach their control, switching and voltage balancing. It includes new information on voltage balancing and control of multilevel inverters. The book answers some important questions about the revolution of power electronics converters: 1- Why multilevel inverter are better than 2-level ones? 2- Why single-de-source multilevel inverters are a matter of interest? 3- What are the redundant switching states and what do they do? 4- How to use redundant switching states in control and voltage balancing? 5- What are the applications of single-de-source multilevel inverters?

Download or read book A New Quasi Resonant DC link for Photovoltaic Micro inverters written by Anna Grishina and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PV Inverters have the task of tracking the maximum power point (MPP), and regulating the solar energy generation to this optimal operation point. The second task is the conversion of direct current produced by the solar modules into alternating current compatible with the grid. A new inverter approach such as a single phase micro inverter is emerging aimed to overcome some of the challenges of centralized inverters. As a counterpart to the central inverter, a micro inverter is a small compact module attached directly to each solar panel. To provide for the constantly increasing demand for a small size, light weight and high efficiency micro inverter, soft switching power conversion technologies have been employed. The switching stress can be minimized by turning on/off each switch when the voltage across it or the current through it is zero at the switching transition. With the addition of auxiliary circuits such as auxiliary switches and LC resonant components the so called soft switching condition can be achieved for semiconductor devices. Four main purposes to investigate the soft switching technologies for single-phase micro-inverter are: (1) to improve overall efficiency by creating the favorable operating conditions for power devices using soft-switching techniques; (2) to shrink the reactive components by pushing the switching frequency to a higher range with decent efficiency. (3) to ensure soft switching does not exacerbate inverter performance, meaning all conventional PWM algorithms can be applied in order to meet IEEE standards. (4) to investigate which soft switching techniques offer the cheapest topology and control strategy as cost and simple control are crucial for low power inverter applications. An overview on the existing soft-switching inverter topologies for single phase inverter technology is summarized. A new quasi resonant DC link that allows for pulse- width- modulation (PWM) is presented in this thesis. The proposed quasi resonant DC link provides zero-voltage switching (ZVS) condition for the main devices by resonating the DC-link voltage to zero via three auxiliary switches and LC components. The operating principle and mode analysis are given. The simulation was carried out to verify the proposed soft switching technique. A 150W 120VAC single-phase prototype was built. The experimental results show that the soft switching for four main switches can be realized under different load conditions and the peak efficiency can reach 95.6%. The proposed quasi DC link can be applied to both single-phase and three-phase DC/AC micro inverter. In order to boost efficiency and increase power density it is important to evaluate the power loss mechanism in each stage of operation of the micro inverter. Using the datasheet parameters of the commercially available semiconductor switches, conduction and switching losses were estimated. This thesis presents a method to analyze power losses of the new resonant DC link inverter which alleviates topology optimization and MOSFET selection. An analytical, yet simple model for calculating the conduction and switching losses was developed. With this model a rough calculation of efficiency can be done, which helps to speed up the design process and to increase efficiency.

Download or read book Fundamentals Of Solar Cells written by Alan Fahrenbruch and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Solar Cells: Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conversion provides an introduction to the fundamental physical principles of solar cells. It aims to promote the expansion of solar photovoltaics from relatively small and specialized use to a large-scale contribution to energy supply. The book begins with a review of basic concepts such as the source of energy, the role of photovoltaic conversion, the development of photovoltaic cells, and sequence of phenomena involved in solar power generation. This is followed by separate chapters on each of the processes that take place in solar cell. These include solar input; properties of semiconductors; recombination and the flow of photogenerated carriers; charge separation and the characteristics of junction barriers; and calculation of solar efficiency. Subsequent chapters deal with the operation of specific solar cell devices such as a single-crystal homojunction (Si); a single-crystal-heterojunction/buried-homojunction (AlGaAs/GaAs); and a polycrystalline, thin-film cell (CuxS/CdS). This book is intended for upper-level graduate students who have a reasonably good understanding of solid state physics and for scientists and engineers involved in research and development of solar cells.

Download or read book Power Electronics and Motor Drive Systems written by Stefanos Manias and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-11-08 with total page 1010 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Power Electronics and Motor Drive Systems is designed to aid electrical engineers, researchers, and students to analyze and address common problems in state-of-the-art power electronics technologies. Author Stefanos Manias supplies a detailed discussion of the theory of power electronics circuits and electronic power conversion technology systems, with common problems and methods of analysis to critically evaluate results. These theories are reinforced by simulation examples using well-known and widely available software programs, including SPICE, PSIM, and MATLAB/SIMULINK. Manias expertly analyzes power electronic circuits with basic power semiconductor devices, as well as the new power electronic converters. He also clearly and comprehensively provides an analysis of modulation and output voltage, current control techniques, passive and active filtering, and the characteristics and gating circuits of different power semiconductor switches, such as BJTs, IGBTs, MOSFETs, IGCTs, MCTs and GTOs. - Includes step-by-step analysis of power electronic systems - Reinforced by simulation examples using SPICE, PSIM, and MATLAB/SIMULINK - Provides 110 common problems and solutions in power electronics technologies

Download or read book High Power Converters and AC Drives written by Bin Wu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-01-29 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the latest cutting-edge technology in high-power converters and medium voltage drives, and provides a complete analysis of various converter topologies, modulation techniques, practical drive configurations, and advanced control schemes. Supplemented with more than 250 illustrations, the author illustrates key concepts with simulations and experiments. Practical problems, along with accompanying solutions, are presented to help you tackle real-world issues.

Download or read book Future of solar photovoltaic written by International Renewable Energy Agency IRENA and published by International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). This book was released on 2019-11-01 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study presents options to fully unlock the world’s vast solar PV potential over the period until 2050. It builds on IRENA’s global roadmap to scale up renewables and meet climate goals.

Download or read book Advanced Single phase PV Inverters written by Qingyun Huang (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The high-efficiency and high-density single phase photovoltaic (PV) inverters are drawing more and more interests for the residential PV systems. This dissertation focuses on the innovations, designs, analysis, hardware implementations and testing of the advanced single-phase PV inverters for residential applications. The most popular single-phase PV inverter products for residential application are the centralized transformerless string inverters. The common mode (CM) leakage current is the major issue for the transformerless PV inverter. Various topologies are discussed by the industry and the academia. Due the Google “Little Box Challenge”, several teams including the winner of the finalist reported a new transformerless PV inverter topology: the symmetrical dual-Buck H-bridge GaN inverter. With the zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) technique and the GaN devices, this topology can achieve high efficiency and high power density. However, the current control with cycle-by-cycle ZVS for this inverter is a big challenge. In this dissertation, a variable frequency average current mode control with a variable frequency pulse-width-modulation (PWM) is proposed for this inverter topology. The proposed current control is highly immune to the noises. The reliability for ZVS of this inverter is significantly improved. In addition, the cost and the complexity for the controller is also reduced. The proposed variable frequency PWM and control are fundamental to all PWM synchronous converters. They can be applied to any synchronous half-bridge type QSW ZVS converters, such as other inverter topologies, bridgeless PFC rectifiers or DC/DC converters which consist of the synchronous half-bridges. Besides, the proposed PWM and control have the potential to be implemented with analog circuits. The centralized transformerless string PV inverter topologies have low cost and high efficiency. However, the string inverters not only suffer the high voltage DC arc issue, but also cannot achieve the individual maximum power point tracking (MPPT). The other commercial products, such as the DC optimizers and the microinverters, also have some major drawbacks. The DC optimizers also suffer the high voltage DC arc issue. The microinverters suffer the issues of low efficiency and high cost. The cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter can achieve the high efficiency, the high density, the low cost and the elimination of the high voltage DC arc issue. This inverter is a great candidate for the next generation of the residential PV inverter products. However, the individual DC link voltage control is a big challenge. In this dissertation, an innovative feedforward proportional carrier-based pulse-width-modulation (PWM) is proposed. With this PWM, only one voltage loop controller is needed in the outer voltage loop. The individual DC link voltage regulation can be realized by the proposed PWM and the single voltage loop controller. The proposed PWM is a fundamental technology for multilevel converters. It can be applied to other multilevel converters. A 99% efficient cascaded H-bridge PV inverter prototype is demonstrated with the proposed feedforward PWM. The cascaded H-bridge inverter has another drawback. It has the minimum requirement for the count of the PV panels since this inverter is a step-down converter. It significantly reduces the flexibility of the count of the PV panels. Therefore, a new PV inverter topology, the dual-mode cascaded Buck-Boost multilevel inverter, is proposed to overcome this drawback. This inverter not only conserves all the advantages of the cascaded H-bridge inverter, but also significantly improves the flexibility of the count of the PV panels. With the emerging 600V GaN devices and the dual-mode operation, the switching loss of the AC switches is significantly reduced. Finally, based on this topology, a 2kW multiport PV inverter designed in this dissertation demonstrates the superior performance, including higher efficiency, higher density and lower cost, compared with the state-of-art 2kW microinverter system

Download or read book Grid Converters for Photovoltaic and Wind Power Systems written by Remus Teodorescu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-07-28 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grid converters are the key player in renewable energy integration. The high penetration of renewable energy systems is calling for new more stringent grid requirements. As a consequence, the grid converters should be able to exhibit advanced functions like: dynamic control of active and reactive power, operation within a wide range of voltage and frequency, voltage ride-through capability, reactive current injection during faults, grid services support. This book explains the topologies, modulation and control of grid converters for both photovoltaic and wind power applications. In addition to power electronics, this book focuses on the specific applications in photovoltaic wind power systems where grid condition is an essential factor. With a review of the most recent grid requirements for photovoltaic and wind power systems, the book discusses these other relevant issues: modern grid inverter topologies for photovoltaic and wind turbines islanding detection methods for photovoltaic systems synchronization techniques based on second order generalized integrators (SOGI) advanced synchronization techniques with robust operation under grid unbalance condition grid filter design and active damping techniques power control under grid fault conditions, considering both positive and negative sequences Grid Converters for Photovoltaic and Wind Power Systems is intended as a coursebook for graduated students with a background in electrical engineering and also for professionals in the evolving renewable energy industry. For people from academia interested in adopting the course, a set of slides is available for download from the website. www.wiley.com/go/grid_converters

Download or read book Integration of Green and Renewable Energy in Electric Power Systems written by Ali Keyhani and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-11-20 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical, application-oriented text that presents analytical results for the better modeling and control of power converters in the integration of green energy in electric power systems The combined technology of power semiconductor switching devices, pulse width modulation algorithms, and control theories are being further developed along with the performance improvement of power semiconductors and microprocessors so that more efficient, reliable, and cheaper electric energy conversion can be achieved within the next decade. Integration of Green and Renewable Energy in Electric Power Systems covers the principles, analysis, and synthesis of closed loop control of pulse width modulated converters in power electronics systems, with special application emphasis on distributed generation systems and uninterruptible power supplies. The authors present two versions of a documented simulation test bed for homework problems and projects based on Matlab/Simulink, designed to help readers understand the content through simulations. The first consists of a number of problems and projects for classroom teaching convenience and learning. The second is based on the most recent work in control of power converters for the research of practicing engineers and industry researchers. Addresses a combination of the latest developments in control technology of pulse width modulation algorithms and digital control methods Problems and projects have detailed mathematical modeling, control design, solution steps, and results Uses a significant number of tables, circuit and block diagrams, and waveform plots with well-designed, class-tested problems/solutions and projects designed for the best teaching-learning interaction Provides computer simulation programs as examples for ease of understanding and platforms for the projects Covering major power-conversion applications that help professionals from a variety of industries, Integration of Green and Renewable Energy in Electric Power Systems provides practical, application-oriented system analysis and synthesis that is instructional and inspiring for practicing electrical engineers and researchers as well as undergraduate and graduate students.

Download or read book Japanese Technical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Analysis Design and Control of a Single Phase Single Stage Grid Connected Transformerless Solar Inverter written by Manisha Verma and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As energy utilization is increasing with the rise in the world's power demand, the traditional energy sources are depleting at a high pace. It has led to attention drawn towards inexhaustible energy resources. There is a huge augmentation in the power generation from renewable energy sources (RES) like wind, solar, hydropower, biomass, etc. to reduce the stress on conventional energy sources like fossil fuels, oil, gas, etc. There has been a steep increase in interest for wind and solar energy systems. PV energy has been growing swiftly in the past two decades which made it most demanded power generation system based on RES. This worldwide requirement for solar energy has led to an immense amount of innovation and development in the Photovoltaic (PV) market. The Conventional grid-connected PV inverter was either with DC/DC converter or without DC/DC converter. These inverters were isolated using a transformer either on the grid (AC) side as a low-frequency transformer or as a high-frequency transformer on the DC side. Elimination of the transformer leads to a galvanic connection between the grid and PV module. This gives rise to the flow of leakage current which is disastrous for the system when it exceeds a specific value. Thus, minimization of this leakage current after the removal of the transformer has been an interesting topic explored by many researchers. Many topologies have been proposed targeting reduction in this leakage current either by 1.) Directly connecting the PV negative with neutral of utility grid or 2.) Disconnecting the PV panel side from AC side. This generally involved addition of more switches or diodes or supplementary branches to disconnect during the freewheeling period. Generally, the above-mentioned ways lead to a reduction in efficiency due to increased losses or complex circuitry. The motivation of this thesis is to design a transformerless inverter for single-phase PV grid-tied system with a smaller number of devices and still has minimum ground current. It discusses the prevailing inverter topologies in detail and then explains the modes of operation of the proposed inverter. A simple control strategy has been derived and passive elements of the inverter are designed. The simulation results presented have validated the theoretical claims. The experimental results which are similar to simulation results are evidence that the proposed topology is suitable for PV grid-tied systems. Also, the dynamic modeling of the inverter has been done to derive the plant transfer function. Then, the Proportional Resonant (PR) controller has been designed to ensure the flow of sinusoidal current into the grid with zero steady-state error and constant sinusoidal grid voltage irrespective of load change. The simulation and experimental results achieved high performance which makes this topology successful and promising for grid-tied PV systems.