Download or read book A Simple Earthquake Control Model written by John Weaver and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Living on an Active Earth written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-09-22 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The destructive force of earthquakes has stimulated human inquiry since ancient times, yet the scientific study of earthquakes is a surprisingly recent endeavor. Instrumental recordings of earthquakes were not made until the second half of the 19th century, and the primary mechanism for generating seismic waves was not identified until the beginning of the 20th century. From this recent start, a range of laboratory, field, and theoretical investigations have developed into a vigorous new discipline: the science of earthquakes. As a basic science, it provides a comprehensive understanding of earthquake behavior and related phenomena in the Earth and other terrestrial planets. As an applied science, it provides a knowledge base of great practical value for a global society whose infrastructure is built on the Earth's active crust. This book describes the growth and origins of earthquake science and identifies research and data collection efforts that will strengthen the scientific and social contributions of this exciting new discipline.

Download or read book Earthquakes written by Wayne Coleman and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, a number of disasters caused by earthquakes have demonstrated the vulnerability of both the developing and the developed world. This book provides new research on earthquakes. Chapter One focuses on the behavior of a simple spring-block model from the viewpoint of nonlinear dynamics and seismology. Chapter Two employs a new technique based on Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) for determination of liquefaction susceptibility of soil based on Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and Cone Penetration Test (CPT) from the Chi-Chi earthquake. Chapter Three presents a review of earthquake phenomenon in Nigeria, the occurrence and available data. Chapter Four describes the behavior and failure mechanisms of unreinforced masonry buildings and different rehabilitation and strengthening techniques. Chapter Five presents the results related to the preferred sources of information related to Risk, Hazard and Natural disaster. Chapter Six presents results regarding urban and semi-rural schoolchildren's seismic risk perception, awareness and preparedness of a highly seismic region, in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. Chapter Seven reviews the anomalous decrease in groundwater radon before the Taiwan large earthquakes.

Download or read book Drift Driven Design of Buildings written by Santiago Pujol and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-05-13 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the most essential concepts that every engineer designing a new building or evaluating an existing structure should consider in order to control the damage caused by drift (deformation) induced by earthquakes. It presents the work on earthquake engineering done by Dr. Mete Sozen and dozens of his collaborators and students over decades of experimentation, analysis, and reconnaissance. Many of the concepts produced through this work are integral part of earthquake engineering today. Nevertheless, the connection between the concepts in use today and the original sources is not always explained. Drift-Driven Design of Buildings summarizes Sozen's research, provides common language and notation from subject to subject, provides examples and supporting data, and adds historical context as well as class notes that were the result of Sozen’s dedication to teaching. It distills reinforced concrete building design to resist earthquake demands to its essence in a way that no other available book does. The recommendations provided are not only essential but also of the utmost simplicity which is not the result of uninformed neglect of relevant parameters but rather the result of careful consideration and selection of parameters to retain only those that are most critical. Features: Provides the reader with a clear understanding of the essential features that control the seismic response of RC buildings Describes a simple (perhaps the simplest) seismic design method available Includes the underlying hard data to support and explain the methods described Presents decades of work by one of the most prolific and brilliant civil engineers in the United States in the second half of the 20th century Drift-Driven Design of Buildings serves as a useful guide for civil and structural engineering students for self-study or in-class learning, as well as instructors and practicing engineers.

Download or read book From Astrophysics to Unconventional Computation written by Andrew Adamatzky and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-04-16 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Festschrift is a tribute to Susan Stepney’s ideas and achievements in the areas of computer science, formal specifications and proofs, complex systems, unconventional computing, artificial chemistry, and artificial life. All chapters were written by internationally recognised leaders in computer science, physics, mathematics, and engineering. The book shares fascinating ideas, algorithms and implementations related to the formal specification of programming languages and applications, behavioural inheritance, modelling and analysis of complex systems, parallel computing and non-universality, growing cities, artificial life, evolving artificial neural networks, and unconventional computing. Accordingly, it offers an insightful and enjoyable work for readers from all walks of life, from undergraduate students to university professors, from mathematicians, computers scientists and engineers to physicists, chemists and biologists.

Download or read book Building Control with Passive Dampers written by Izuru Takewaki and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-23 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent introduction of active and passive structural control methods has given structural designers powerful tools for performance-based design. However, structural engineers often lack the tools for the optimal selection and placement of such systems. In Building Control with Passive Dampers , Takewaki brings together most the reliable, state-of-the-art methods in practice around the world, arming readers with a real sense of how to address optimal selection and placement of passive control systems. The first book on optimal design, sizing, and location selection of passive dampers Combines theory and practical applications Describes step-by-step how to obtain optimal damper size and placement Covers the state-of-the-art in optimal design of passive control Integrates the most reliable techniques in the top literature and used in practice worldwide Written by a recognized expert in the area MATLAB code examples available from the book’s Companion Website This book is essential for post-graduate students, researchers, and design consultants involved in building control. Professional engineers and advanced undergraduates interested in seismic design, as well as mechanical engineers looking for vibration damping techniques, will also find this book a helpful reference. Code examples available at www.wiley.com/go/takewaki

Download or read book Critical Earthquake Response of Elastic Plastic Structures Under Near Fault or Long Duration Ground Motions Closed Form Approach via Impulse Input written by Izuru Takewaki and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-12-22 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The specialty section Earthquake Engineering is one branch of Frontiers in Built Environment and welcomes critical and in-depth submissions on earthquake ground motions and their effects on buildings and infrastructures. Manuscripts should yield new insights and ultimately contribute to a safer and more reliable design of building structures and infrastructures. The scope includes the characterization of earthquake ground motions (e.g. near-fault, far-fault, short-period, long-period), their underlying properties, their intrinsic relationship with structural responses, and the true behaviors of building structures and infrastructures under risky and uncertain ground motions. More specific topics include recorded ground motions, generated ground motions, response spectra, stochastic modeling of ground motion, critical excitation, geotechnical aspects, soil mechanics, soil liquefaction, soil-structure interactions, pile foundations, earthquake input energy, structural control, passive control, active control, base-isolation, steel structures, reinforced concrete structures, wood structures, building retrofit, structural optimization, uncertainty analysis, robustness analysis, and redundancy analysis. This eBook includes four original research papers, in addition to the Specialty Grand Challenge article, on the critical earthquake response of elastic-plastic structures under near-fault or long-duration ground motions which were published in the specialty section Earthquake Engineering. In the early stage of dynamic nonlinear response analysis of structures around 1960s, a simple hysteretic structural model and a simple sinusoidal earthquake ground motion input were dealt with together with random inputs. The steady-state response was tackled by an equivalent linearization method developed by Caughey, Iwan and others. In fact, the resonance plays a key role in the earthquake-resistant design and it has a strong effect even in case of near-fault ground motions. In order to draw the steady-state response curve and investigate the resonant property, two kinds of repetition have to be introduced. One is a cycle, for one forced input frequency, of the initial guess of the steady-state response amplitude, the construction of the equivalent linear model, the analysis of the steady-state response amplitude using the equivalent linear model and the update of the equivalent linear model based on the computed steady-state response amplitude. The other is the sweeping over a range of forced input frequencies. This process is quite tedious. Four original research papers included in this eBook propose a new approach to overcome this difficulty. Kojima and Takewaki demonstrated that the elastic-plastic response as continuation of free-vibrations under impulse input can be derived in a closed form by a sophisticated energy approach without solving directly the equations of motion as differential equations. While, as pointed out above, the approach based on the equivalent linearization method requires the repetition of application of the linearized equations, the method by Kojima and Takewaki does not need any repetition. The double impulse, triple impulse and multiple impulses enable us to describe directly the critical timing of impulses (resonant frequency) which is not easy for the sinusoidal and other inputs without a repetitive procedure. It is important to note that, while most of the previous methods employ the equivalent linearization of the structural model with the input unchanged, the method treated in this eBook transforms the input into a series of impulses with the structural model unchanged. This characteristic guarantees high accuracy and reliability even in the large plastic deformation range. The approach presented in this eBook is an epoch-making accomplishment to open the door for simpler and deeper understanding of structural reliability of built environments in the elastic-plastic range

Download or read book Performance of Innovative Controlled Buildings Under Resonant and Critical Earthquake Ground Motions written by Izuru Takewaki and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-11-23 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is the fourth in a series of books on the critical earthquake response of elastic or elastic-plastic structures under near-fault or long-duration ground motions, and includes six original research papers which were published in the specialty section Earthquake Engineering in ‘Frontiers in Built Environment’. Several extensions of the first eBook, the second eBook and the third eBook are included here. The first article is on the comparison of earthquake resilience of various building structures including innovative base-isolation systems and control systems. Pulse-type ground motions and resonant harmonic ground motions are used for investigating the earthquake resilience of those innovative building structures. The second article is concerned with the performance of an innovative seismic response controlled system with shear walls and concentrated dampers in lower stories. The resonant one-cycle sine waves and resonant harmonic waves are used as the input ground motions. The third article is related to the robustness evaluation of a base-isolation building-connection hybrid controlled building structure under the critical long-period and long-duration ground motion. The multi impulse is used as a substitute for a long-period and long-duration ground motion and the model reduction to a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system is conducted to propose a simple response evaluation method. The fourth article is an extension of the previously proposed energy balance approach to a damped bilinear hysteretic SDOF system under a double impulse as a substitute for a near-fault ground motion. The energy absorption through viscous damping is incorporated appropriately in the energy balance and the application of the proposed method to actual recorded ground motions is presented. The fifth article is on the robustness evaluation of base-isolation building-connection hybrid controlled building structures considering uncertainties in deep ground. The earthquake ground motion amplitude at the earthquake bedrock is evaluated by the Boore’s stochastic method in 1983 including the fault rupture and the wave propagation into the earthquake bedrock. Then the phase angle property at the earthquake bedrock is investigated by introducing the concept of phase difference which is defined for each earthquake type. A wave at the ground surface nearly resonant to the base-isolation building-connection hybrid controlled building structure is produced by considering uncertainties in deep ground. The sixth article is concerned with the critical response of nonlinear base-isolated buildings considering soil-structure interaction under a double impulse as a substitute for a near-fault ground motion. The complicated model of a nonlinear base-isolated building on ground is modeled into an SDOF system after a few model reduction processes. The approach presented in this eBook, together with the previous eBooks, is an epoch-making accomplishment to open the door for simpler and deeper understanding of structural reliability and resilience of built environments in the elastic-plastic and nonlinear range.

Download or read book Earthquake Engineering and Structural Control written by Giorgio Serino and published by . This book was released on 2024-11-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earthquake Engineering and Structural Control: Theory and Applications examines the basics of structural dynamics with its application for earthquake engineering and structural control methods. The objective is not to explain earthquake resistant design but rather to present different methods of analysis under earthquake and other environmental loads such as fire and physical impact. While presenting fundamental concepts in a simple manner, the book presents structural systems and offshore structures leading to form-dominant design. The response spectrum method and non-linear time history analysis of structures under earthquake loads are discussed in detail, while the basics of earthquake resistant design through planning guidelines, as well as introductory seismology, are also covered. Presents dynamic analysis and illustrations of single-degree-of-freedom systems with numerous examples to explain the response spectrum analysis under earthquake and impact loads. Offers detailed solutions to multi-degree-of-freedom systems through numerical methods, supported by MATLAB examples. Explains the proper application of seismic controls for different classes of structures, including offshore.

Download or read book Earthquake Engineering Modeling and Analysis written by Rosalina Peters and published by . This book was released on 2019-06-20 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earthquakes are large-scale disturbances caused by massive wave propagations that are triggered by tectonic plate convergence or divergence. Earthquake engineering is an interdisciplinary field that is concerned with the structural analysis and study of large constructions such as buildings or bridges with the objective of making such structures more earthquake-resistant. This discipline also encompasses the study of the nature of seismic waves, their propagation and control. It also includes examining seismic design requirements and implementing earthquake-resistant architecture methods, materials and techniques. This book aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects of earthquake engineering and recent researches in this field. Chapters compiled herein provide thorough information about the key concepts and theories related to this discipline while also foregrounding the advances made in this field of study. This book, with its detailed analyses and data, will prove immensely beneficial to professionals and students involved in this area at various levels.

Download or read book Earthquakes written by J. H. Tatsch and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nonlinear Dynamics of the Lithosphere and Earthquake Prediction written by Vladimir Keilis-Borok and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The vulnerability of our civilization to earthquakes is rapidly growing, rais ing earthquakes to the ranks of major threats faced by humankind. Earth quake prediction is necessary to reduce that threat by undertaking disaster preparedness measures. This is one of the critically urgent problems whose solution requires fundamental research. At the same time, prediction is a ma jor tool of basic science, a source of heuristic constraints and the final test of theories. This volume summarizes the state-of-the-art in earthquake prediction. Its following aspects are considered: - Existing prediction algorithms and the quality of predictions they pro vide. - Application of such predictions for damage reduction, given their current accuracy, so far limited. - Fundamental understanding of the lithosphere gained in earthquake prediction research. - Emerging possibilities for major improvements of earthquake prediction methods. - Potential implications for predicting other disasters, besides earthquakes. Methodologies. At the heart of the research described here is the inte gration of three methodologies: phenomenological analysis of observations; "universal" models of complex systems such as those considered in statistical physics and nonlinear dynamics; and Earth-specific models of tectonic fault networks. In addition, the theory of optimal control is used to link earthquake prediction with earthquake preparedness.

Download or read book Improving the Earthquake Resilience of Buildings written by Izuru Takewaki and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-07-26 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineers are always interested in the worst-case scenario. One of the most important and challenging missions of structural engineers may be to narrow the range of unexpected incidents in building structural design. Redundancy, robustness and resilience play an important role in such circumstances. Improving the Earthquake Resilience of Buildings: The worst case approach discusses the importance of worst-scenario approach for improved earthquake resilience of buildings and nuclear reactor facilities. Improving the Earthquake Resilience of Buildings: The worst case approach consists of two parts. The first part deals with the characterization and modeling of worst or critical ground motions on inelastic structures and the related worst-case scenario in the structural design of ordinary simple building structures. The second part of the book focuses on investigating the worst-case scenario for passively controlled and base-isolated buildings. This allows for detailed consideration of a range of topics including: A consideration of damage of building structures in the critical excitation method for improved building-earthquake resilience, A consideration of uncertainties of structural parameters in structural control and base-isolation for improved building-earthquake resilience, and New insights in structural design of super high-rise buildings under long-period ground motions. Improving the Earthquake Resilience of Buildings: The worst case approach is a valuable resource for researchers and engineers interested in learning and applying the worst-case scenario approach in the seismic-resistant design for more resilient structures.

Download or read book Seismic Instrumentation Design written by Raman K. Attri and published by Speed To Proficiency Research: S2Pro©. This book was released on 2018-11-21 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of three papers authored by Dr. Raman K Attri between 1999 to 2001. The book presents early-career scientific work by the author as a scientist at a research organization. The book provides a theoretical and conceptual understanding of concepts and principles for detection and measurements of the seismic signals. The earthquake phenomenon is one of the most unpredictable and often devastating natural events. Sophisticated and advanced technologies are being used for monitoring the seismic activities across the world and efforts are being put in place to develop prediction models. The theory behind the design of sensors, instrumentation and monitoring system is usually not known to electronics and software engineers upfront. The papers included in this book provide such basic guidance to electronics and software design engineers and equip them with the key computational and algorithmic principles based on the underlying theory of seismic activities. These design techniques are fundamental to designing sophisticated seismic instrumentation and earthquake monitoring systems. The first paper presents a simplified mathematical framework of the seismic events and backend computational software logic that will enable software engineers to develop a customized seismic analysis and computation software. The second paper presents a simplified description of various earthquake parameters of interest to a seismologist and how these complex parameters are computed using equations. In the third paper, a visionary concept is presented to integrate geo-scientific instrumentation equipment such as seismic measurement systems to information technology network that would create a centralized web-enabled database that would allow transmitting the data acquired by geographically distributed but networked observatories to better predict or alert about the phenomena like earthquakes.

Download or read book Stochastic Model for Earthquake Ground Motion Using Wavelet Packets written by Yoshifumi Yamamoto and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For performance-based design, nonlinear dynamic structural analysis for various types of input ground motions is required. Stochastic (simulated) ground motions are sometimes useful as input motions, because unlike recorded motions they are not limited in number and because their properties can be varied systematically to study the impact of ground motion properties on structural response. This dissertation describes an approach by which the wavelet packet transform can be used to characterize complex time-varying earthquake ground motions, and it illustrates the potential benefits of such an approach in a variety of earthquake engineering applications. The proposed model is based on Thr´ainsson and Kiremidjian (2002), which use Fourier amplitudes and phase differences to simulate ground motions and attenuation models to their model parameters. We extend their model using wavelet packet transform since it can control the time and frequency characteristic of time series. The time- and frequency-varying properties of real ground motions can be captured using wavelet packets, so a model is developed that requires only 13 parameters to describe a given ground motion. These 13 parameters are then related to seismological variables such as earthquake magnitude, distance, and site condition, through regression analysis that captures trends in mean values, standard deviations and correlations of these parameters observed in a large database of recorded strong ground motions. The resulting regression equations then form a model that can be used to predict ground motions for a future earthquake scenario; this model is analogous to widely used empirical ground motion prediction models (formerly called "attenuation models") except that this model predicts entire time series rather than only response spectra. The ground motions produced using this predictive model are explored in detail, and are shown to have elastic response spectra, inelastic response spectra, durations, mean periods, etc., that are consistent in both mean and variability to existing published predictive models for those properties. That consistency allows the proposed model to be used in place of existing models for probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) calculations. This new way to calculate PSHA is termed "simulation-based probabilistic seismic hazard analysis" and it allows a deeper understanding of ground motion hazard and hazard deaggregation than is possible with traditional PSHA because it produces a suite of potential ground motion time histories rather than simply a distribution of response spectra. The potential benefits of this approach are demonstrated and explored in detail. Taking this analysis even further, this suite of time histories can be used as input for nonlinear dynamic analysis of structures, to perform a risk analysis (i.e., "probabilistic seismic demand analysis") that allows computation of the probability of the structure exceeding some level of response in a future earthquake. These risk calculations are often performed today using small sets of scaled recorded ground motions, but that approach requires a variety of assumptions regarding important properties of ground motions, the impacts of ground motion scaling, etc. The approach proposed here facilitates examination of those assumptions, and provides a variety of other relevant information not obtainable by that traditional approach.

Download or read book The Behavior of a 3 dimensional Fluid controlled Earthquake Model written by Stephen A. Miller and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The No Nonsense Guide To Earthquake Safety written by Jeffery Sims and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2014-06-12 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book could save your life! The No-Nonsense Guide To Earthquake Safety is the fifth in a series of crisis manuals focusing on natural (and man-made) disasters. This guide is designed to provide a comprehensive source for the latest research related to earthquake safety. Subjects covered include: providing a basic survey-level understanding of earthquakes; addressing long-held earthquake myths; how to be proactive in preparing for an earthquake; providing sound advice by government and professionals in the geological sciences on the best courses of action during an earthquake; the best shelter/courses of action during an earthquake; and how to remain safe after an earthquake has occurred. This manual also contains several useful appendixes that include a listing of government and charitable resources (for those affected by earthquakes), and the latest research regarding animal behavior & earthquakes, as well as endeavors to create manners of earthquake detection