Download or read book A Role for the Armadillo Gene in Drosophila Eye Development written by Denise Marie Kearney and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drosophila Eye Development written by Kevin Moses and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1 Kevin Moses It is now 25 years since the study of the development of the compound eye in Drosophila really began with a classic paper (Ready et al. 1976). In 1864, August Weismann published a monograph on the development of Diptera and included some beautiful drawings of the developing imaginal discs (Weismann 1864). One of these is the first description of the third instar eye disc in which Weismann drew a vertical line separating a posterior domain that included a regular pattern of clustered cells from an anterior domain without such a pattern. Weismann suggested that these clusters were the precursors of the adult ommatidia and that the line marks the anterior edge of the eye. In his first suggestion he was absolutely correct - in his second he was wrong. The vertical line shown was not the anterior edge of the eye, but the anterior edge of a moving wave of patterning and cell type specification that 112 years later (1976) Ready, Hansen and Benzer would name the "morphogenetic furrow". While it is too late to hear from August Weismann, it is a particular pleasure to be able to include a chapter in this Volume from the first author of that 1976 paper: Don Ready! These past 25 years have seen an astonishing explosion in the study of the fly eye (see Fig.
Download or read book Junctional Armadillo B Catenin Maintains Proper Tissue Architecture During Drosophila Eye Development written by Dana DeSantis and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Dynamics in the Developing Drosophila Eye written by Daisuke Yamamoto and published by Landes Bioscience. This book was released on 1996 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Using Transcriptomics to Identify Targets of Eyeless and Signaling Pathways in Drosophila Eye Development written by Nfsonsam Landry Ewongkem and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tissue-specific transcription factors cooperate with signaling pathways to promote specification, in part by co-regulating transcription. The Drosophila melanogaster Pax6 homolog Eyeless forms a complex, incompletely understood regulatory network with signaling pathways to control eye-specific gene expression. I employed mRNAseq and microarray approaches to identify targets co-regulated by Eyeless and Hedgehog, Decapentaplegic or Notch signals, to further understand the Drosophila eye network. The gene encoding the neprilysin family peptidase 'Abnormally blistered and morphologically misshapen eyes', Abams and the Drosophila class II 'Myosin heavy chain' protein, Mhc, were expressed at higher levels in the eye tissues versus wing tissues, and were highly expressed in eye tissues in response to Ey+N. Thus, both abams and Mhc were predicted to have roles in eye development. Whereas wild type eyes have a regular array of ommatidia interspersed with regularly occurring sensory bristles, using RNA interference (RNAi), I showed that reduction of abams function resulted in smaller eyes that consisted of patches of individual ommatidia surrounded by numerous bristles. Photoreceptor development was disrupted when abams function was reduced in eye precursors. Loss of function analyses and RNAi of Mhc revealed disruptions in the eye lattice and the mispositioning of photoreceptor nuclei within the eye precursor epithelium. My results suggest that Abams is involved in cell-cell signaling while Mhc regulates cell morphology and/or cell-cell adhesion during eye development. Transcription factor binding site (BS) analyses using computational modeling revealed [greater than or equal to] 94 other candidate genes as potential direct targets of Ey or Ey+Hh, Dpp or N. These included genes with already known roles in Drosophila eye development, as well as genes with unknown function, thus providing potential new directions to pursue to further understand the mechanism of interaction between Ey and Hh, Dpp or Notch during Drosophila eye development. Given the similarity between D. melanogaster and vertibrate eye development, further study of Abams and Mhc in Drosophila eye development will provide novel insights into our understanding of eye development in D. melanogaster and humans.
Download or read book The Role of Liquid Facets Related in Drosophila Development written by Ji-Hoon Lee and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of my graduate research is to find the role of a Drosophila gene, liquid facets-Related, encoding an ENTH (Epsin N-term homology) domain protein using developing Drosophila eye as a model system. The ENTH domain is a well-conserved globular domain with affinity to phosphoinositides, and found in endocytic Epsins and Golgi Epsins. With the ENTH domain and peptide motifs, such as clathrin binding motifs and other protein binding motifs, endocytic Epsins and Golgi Epsins are localized to the plasma membrane and the Golgi membrane, respectively. The main function of Epsins is to facilitate clathrin-dependent vesicle formation. An interesting finding from endocytic Epsin research using Drosophila is that this seemingly generic factor has in fact a specific role in the Notch signaling pathway by mediating ligand endocytosis which is crucial for receptor activation in the adjacent cell. The role of Golgi Epsin, on the other hand, has not been understood in a multi-cellular context. A former graduate student in our lab, Erin Overstreet, generated loss-of-function mutants of liquid facets-Related and found that this gene is essential for viability and important for cell growth and patterning in Drosophila eye development. Her finding suggests that liquid facets-Related has a specific role in development. She also found that the ENTH domain is dispensable for the function of liquid facets-Related. This is an interesting result because studies using other model organisms show that ENTH domain directly recognizes the cargos, suggestive of essential function it in Golgi Epsin. Therefore, I aimed to figure out what is the function of liquid facets-Related in a multi-cellular context using the Drosophila eye as a model system. To address this, I further characterized the mutant phenotype, screened for dominant modifiers of the hypomorphic eye phenotype, and performed structure/function assays that helped me to generate specific hypotheses and then I tested them. My graduate research contributed to understanding the role of liquid facets-Related by providing the in vivo function, identifying genetic interactions, and specifying the domain necessary and sufficient for its function. First of all, characterization of the mutant phenotype indicated that liquid facets-Related is crucial for proliferation, suppression of apoptosis, insulin receptor-independent cell growth, and progression of the morphogenetic furrow at the D/V midline in the developing Drosophila eye. Secondly, from a forward genetic screen, I found Delta, neuralized, polychaetoid (ZO-1), string (cdc25), and altered disjunction (Mps1) as dominant enhancers of the hypomorphic eye phenotype, suggestive of the role of liquid facets-Related in the Notch signaling pathway and cell cycle regulation. I also found that wingless and armadillo dominantly enhance the hypomorphic phenotype of liquid facets-Related, which suggests that liquid facets-Related has a role in the Wingless signaling pathway. Indeed, the expression of a transcriptional target of the Wingless signal, dachsous, is reduced in liquid facets-Related null cells. Baso-lateral levels of E-cadherin and Armadillo are increased in the liquid facets-Related null cells, which is consistent with the fact that E-cadherin antagonizes the Wingless signal activity. Finally, an unexpected result from structure/function analysis is that exon 6 of the liquid facet-Related gene is necessary and sufficient to rescue all visible morphological defects of null mutants. This is interesting because exon 6 is conserved in Golgi Epsin gene only in several insects but not in most other species including yeast, nematode, mouse, and human. In fact, exon 6 is a homolog of a recently studied gene known as tel2. Evidence suggests that liquid facets-Related is Drosophila tel2. As the function of Tel2 is not clearly understood, this study may contribute to better understand the essential role of Tel2 in Drosophila and other model systems.
Download or read book Muscle Development in Drosophilia written by Helen Sink and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-02-02 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The different aspects of muscle development are considered from cellular, molecular and genetic viewpoints, and the text is supported by black/white and color illustrations. The book will appeal to those studying muscle development and muscle biology in any organism.
Download or read book Molecular Genetics of Axial Patterning Growth and Disease in Drosophila Eye written by Amit Singh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-18 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) is a highly versatile model with a genetic legacy of more than a century. It provides powerful genetic, cellular, biochemical and molecular biology tools to address many questions extending from basic biology to human diseases. One of the most important questions in biology is how a multi-cellular organism develops from a single-celled embryo. The discovery of the genes responsible for pattern formation has helped refine this question and has led to other questions, such as the role of various genetic and cell biological pathways in regulating the process of pattern formation and growth during organogenesis. The Drosophila eye model has been extensively used to study molecular genetic mechanisms involved in patterning and growth. Since the genetic machinery involved in the Drosophila eye is similar to humans, it has been used to model human diseases and homology to eyes in other taxa. This updated second edition covers current progress in the study of molecular genetic mechanisms of pattern formation, mutations in axial patterning, genetic regulation of growth, and more using the Drosophila eye as a model.
Download or read book Epigenetic Gene Expression and Regulation written by Suming Huang and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-10-19 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epigenetic Gene Expression and Regulation reviews current knowledge on the heritable molecular mechanisms that regulate gene expression, contribute to disease susceptibility, and point to potential treatment in future therapies. The book shows how these heritable mechanisms allow individual cells to establish stable and unique patterns of gene expression that can be passed through cell divisions without DNA mutations, thereby establishing how different heritable patterns of gene regulation control cell differentiation and organogenesis, resulting in a distinct human organism with a variety of differing cellular functions and tissues. The work begins with basic biology, encompasses methods, cellular and tissue organization, topical issues in epigenetic evolution and environmental epigenesis, and lastly clinical disease discovery and treatment. Each highly illustrated chapter is organized to briefly summarize current research, provide appropriate pedagogical guidance, pertinent methods, relevant model organisms, and clinical examples. Reviews current knowledge on the heritable molecular mechanisms that regulate gene expression, contribute to disease susceptibility, and point to potential treatment in future therapies Helps readers understand how epigenetic marks are targeted, and to what extent transgenerational epigenetic changes are instilled and possibly passed onto offspring Chapters are replete with clinical examples to empower the basic biology with translational significance Offers more than 100 illustrations to distill key concepts and decipher complex science
Download or read book Atlas of Drosophila Development written by Volker Hartenstein and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This full-color atlas graphically documents the main events of embryonic and post-embryonic development in Drosophila. Schematic surface views and transverse sections from several developmental stages are shown for the individual organs such as gut, nervous system, epidermis and musculature. By combining camera lucida tracing with digital technology, Volker Hartenstein has created a unique, beautiful and convenient reference book that will interest all developmental biologists and is a must for the personal library of anyone working on fly biology.
Download or read book Cell Migration written by Jun-Lin Guan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-02 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of classic, novel, and state-of-the-art methods for the study of cell migration in cultured cells, different model organisms, and specialized cells in normal development and disease. Highlights include basic assays that apply to all cell migration studies in vitro, assays in various model organisms, and assays for cancer cells, endothelial cells, and neurons both in vitro and in animal models. The protocols follow the successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, each offering step-by-step laboratory instructions, an introduction outlining the principle behind the technique, lists of the necessary equipment and reagents, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Download or read book Morphogenesis and Pattern Formation written by Thomas G. Connelly and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Drosophila Model in Cancer written by Wu-Min Deng and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-13 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a series of review articles that capture the advances in using the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, model system to address a wide range of cancer-related topics. Articles in this book provide case studies that shed light on the intricate cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying tumor formation and progression. Readers will discover the beauty of the fly model’s genetic simplicity and the vast arsenal of powerful genetic tools enabling its efficient and adaptable use. This model organism has provided a unique opportunity to address questions regarding cancer initiation and development that would be extremely challenging in other model systems. This book provides a useful resource for a researcher who wishes to learn about and apply the Drosophila model to tackle fundamental questions in cancer biology, and to find new ways to fight against this devastating disease.
Download or read book Invertebrate and Vertebrate Eye Development written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-11-24 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vision is our primary sensory modality, and we are naturally curious as to how the visual system assembles. The visual system is in many ways remarkably simple, a repeating assemblage of neurons and support cells that parse the visual field through precision and redundancy. Through this simplicity the eye has often led the way in our exploration of how an organ is assembled. Eye development has therefore long been a favorite for exploring mechanisms of cell fate choice, patterning and cell signaling. This volume, which is part of the Current Topics in Developmental Biology series, highlights the exceptional advances over the past 20 years. Chapters emphasize our knowledge of transcription factors and how these generate networks to direct the eye field and associated structures. Topics such as cell fate specification are also explored, along with the potential of Drosophila as a model for lens formation and the progress made in using the Drosophila eye to examine planar cell polarity. Contributions from researchers who are active in identifying new paradigms to explore Review of our current state of knowledge Chapters written by authors with a new generation approach that takes a more systems approach to identifying factors and better defines cell subtypes
Download or read book International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology written by Kwang W. Jeon and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-01-25 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology presents current advances and comprehensive reviews in cell biology--both plant and animal. Articles address structure and control of gene expression, nucleocytoplasmic interactions, control of cell development and differentiation, and cell transformation and growth. Impact factor for 2009: 6.088. Authored by some of the foremost scientists in the field Provides up-to-date information and directions for future research Valuable reference material for advanced undergraduates, graduate students and professional scientists
Download or read book Molecular Analysis of B Lymphocyte Development and Activation written by Harinder Singh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-30 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The B lymphocyte lineage represents an important paradigm for exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying cell fate specification, differentiation and cellular activation. In the past five years, major advances have been achieved in our understanding of the transcriptional control of early B cell development and terminal plasma cell differentiation. In addition new insights became available for the processes of B cell activation, class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation. Many of the new findings and their implications for a molecular understanding of B cell biology in particular and cell differentiation in general are covered in this volume.
Download or read book Drosophila melanogaster Practical Uses in Cell and Molecular Biology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1995-01-25 with total page 789 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drosophila melanogaster: Practical Uses in Cell and Molecular Biology is a compendium of mostly short technical chapters designed to provide state-of-the art methods to the broad community of cell biologists, and to put molecular and cell biological studies of flies into perspective. The book makes the baroque aspects of genetic nomenclature and procedure accessible to cell biologists. It also contains a wealth of technical information for beginning or advanced Drosophila workers. Chapters, written within a year of publication, make this topical volume a valuable laboratory guide today and an excellent general reference for the future. Key Features* Collection of ready-to-use, state-of-the art methods for modern cell biological and related research using Drosophila melanogaster* Accessible to both experienced Drosophila researchers and to others who wish to join in at the cutting edge of this system * Drosophila offers an easily managed life cycle, inexpensive lifestyle, extraordinarily manipulable molecular and classical genetics, now combined with powerful new cell biology techniques * Introduction and overview sections orient the user to the Drosophila literature and lore * Six full-color plates and over 100 figures and tables enhance the understanding of these cell biology techniques
