Download or read book A Review of Propagation and Scattering Factors in Remote Sensing and Ship Tracking by HF High Frequency Radar written by E. D. R. Shearman and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The propagation-loss, noise and scattering mechanisms involved in ground-wave radar for sea-state sensing and ship-tracking are first reviewed, taking as an example a coastal installation in the U.K. Techniques for extracting surface-current, surface-wind and directional sea-wave spectrum from first and second-order sea-echo are described, with reference to the influence of the antenna directivity and propagation factors. The special factors affecting ship-tracking in range, azimuth and Doppler are illustrated. The second part of the review concerns the use of sky-wave radar for sea-state sensing and for assessing the ionospheric layer configuration and propagation mode patterns. Sea-state sensing is shown to require real-time propagation assessment for effective frequency-management. Rapid sweep-frequency, sweep-azimuth and Doppler analysis are shown to be desirable. (Author).
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Propagation Factors Affecting Remote Sensing by Radio Waves written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agard Index of Publications written by North Atlantic treaty organization. Advisory group for aeronautical research and development and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Propagation Factors Affecting Remote Sensing by Radio Waves written by ADVISORY GROUP FOR AEROSPACE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE (France) and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radiowaves are employed for remote sensing over a wide range of frequencies, at least from HF to 100 GHz, HF radars sense both natural and man-made targets over vast areas by bouncing radio waves off the ionosphere. Development of this means of remote sensing has proceeded since the late forties. Early studies concentrated on the mapping of the properties of the ionosphere itself. Later studies have emphasized two applications: (1) the detection and tracking of targets such as aircraft, missiles and ships; and (2) the measurement of sea state. On-going research and development activities continue to improve our capability to deal with ionospheric properties which limit the performance of our systems. Topics for discussion include: (a) application areas target detection/tracking, sea state monitoring, wind and wave field monitoring, including wake detection, terrain mapping, measurement of sea ice; (b) propagation limitations to performance; and (c) system techniques for ameliorating propagation limitations including adaptive concepts and novel processing concepts. The purpose of this meeting was to review the current status of existing and proposed operational systems from the viewpoint of propagation factors included and strategies for dealing with them. This meeting identified areas in which more research is required to improve the reliability, performance, and cost-effectiveness of operational systems.
Download or read book Ocean Remote Sensing Technologies written by Weimin Huang and published by IET. This book was released on 2021-12-17 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides a systematic introduction to the principles, state-of-the-art methods and applications of high frequency surface/sky wave radar and microwave marine radar, as well as an exploration of ongoing challenges in the field. It is a valuable resource for the radar and remote sensing communities.
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1991-05 with total page 1396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research Publications Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment written by N.A. Armand and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-11-15 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the processes of radio propagation and analyzes the equations that enable estimation of media. It explores propagation processes and related phenomena including absorption, refraction, reflection, and scattering. It also analyzes how knowledge of radiowave properties allows accurate estimations of media via inverse problems. The
Download or read book Government reports annual index written by and published by . This book was released on 199? with total page 1082 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index Keyword A L written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 1092 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Factors Affecting Error Bounds in the Use of High Frequency Radar for the Remote Sensing of the Ocean Surface written by Moses Norga and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Theory and Approach of Information Retrievals from Electromagnetic Scattering and Remote Sensing written by Ya-Qiu Jin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theory and Approach of Information Retrievals from Electromagnetic Scattering and Remote Sensing presents some new progress on the theoretical and numerical approaches for information retrieval of the remote sensing via electromagnetic scattering and emission. It covers the vector radiative transfer theory for inhomogeneous scatter media, polarimetric scattering theory for the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery and some innovative applications, new approach and data validation for current space-borne remote sensing programs, fast computational method and numerical simulation for bistatic scattering of randomly rough surface with a target presence, especially at low grazing angle. Some inverse problems in radiative transfer and inverse scattering are also discussed. Novel electromagnetics of complex media are also presented. Theory and Approach of Information Retrievals from Electromagnetic Scattering and Remote Sensing is intended as a textbook for graduate students and a reference book for scientists to see the most recent progress in the author’s research laboratory.
Download or read book Mathematical and Physical Modelling of Microwave Scattering and Polarimetric Remote Sensing written by A.I. Kozlov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-16 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radar technology is increasingly being used to monitor the environment. This monograph provides a review of polarimetric radar techniques for remote sensing. The first four chapters cover the basics of mathematical, statistical modelling as well as physical modelling based on radiowave scattering theory. The subsequent eight chapters summarize applications of polarimetric radar monitoring for various types of earth environments, including vegetation and oceans. The last two chapters provide a summary of Western as well as former Soviet Union knowledge and the outlook. This monograph is of value to students, scientists and engineers involved in remote sensing development and applications in particular for environmental monitoring.
Download or read book A Strategy for Active Remote Sensing Amid Increased Demand for Radio Spectrum written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-09-21 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Active remote sensing is the principal tool used to study and to predict short- and long-term changes in the environment of Earth - the atmosphere, the oceans and the land surfaces - as well as the near space environment of Earth. All of these measurements are essential to understanding terrestrial weather, climate change, space weather hazards, and threats from asteroids. Active remote sensing measurements are of inestimable benefit to society, as we pursue the development of a technological civilization that is economically viable, and seek to maintain the quality of our life. A Strategy for Active Remote Sensing Amid Increased Demand for Spectrum describes the threats, both current and future, to the effective use of the electromagnetic spectrum required for active remote sensing. This report offers specific recommendations for protecting and making effective use of the spectrum required for active remote sensing.
Download or read book Remote Sensing of Swell and Currents in Coastal Zone by HF Radar written by Weili Wang and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nearshore marine environment contains many complex processes, but the lack of high-resolution data over a large area during a long time is often the primary obstacle to further research. High-frequency (HF) radar is a mean of remote sensing which obtains continuous near-real time sea surface information over a large area. Thus the study of inversion of marine parameters from HF radar data is very meaningful. Thisthesis makes use of a 13-month-long dataset collected by two phased array HF radar to investigate the characteristics of the sea echo signals, study the data processing and inversion methods, compute sea surface parameters and evaluate the accuracy of radarinversion of swell parameters.The thesis refers to the ground wave HF radar, whose radio waves interact with ocean by Bragg resonance scattering. The development history and applications of HF radar is introduced. The basic theory of electromagnetic wave is reviewed. The principles of inversion of sea surface current, wind direction and swell parameters are described. The feasibility of the swell parameter inversion is investigated. Based on theoretical analysis and statistical studies of a large number of samples, the thesis proposes a series of methods on raw signal processing and quality control, including the determination of the noise level, data averaging in space and time, the proper identification of spectral peaks, the peak width threshold, etc. Respecting the characteristics of different physical processes, inversions of current and wind use spectra collected every 20 min; inversion of swell parameters uses one-hour averaged spectra. The statistics of qualified spectra for swell parameter calculations are presented for both stations. A set of efficient, with a reduced computational cost, automatic computing programs are developed to do the processing and derive marine parameters. Radial current velocities are derived from single radar station. Current vector fields are obtained by combination of both stations. One-year mean flow field in the Iroise Sea is shown, together with the computation of vorticity and divergence. A one-month SeaSonde radar dataset off Qingdao is studied. One-month mean flow pattern together with vorticity and divergence are presented.Relative wind direction with respect to radar look direction is measured through ratio of Bragg peaks amplitudes. Different empirical models are employed to derive radar-inverted relative wind direction. Results show reasonable agreement with model estimations. Different directional distribution models are used to measure the spreading factor for the Iroise Sea. The thesis focuses on the study of swell parameters. Results are validated by buoy and wave model (WAVEWATCH III) data. The assessments show that the accuracy of swell frequency is very good, the accuracy of swell significant waveheight is reasonable, and the accuracy of relative swell direction is low.Consistency of measurements by both radar stations is verified by comparison between the two. This also supports the use of double samples to do the inversion. Use of two radars not only further improves the accuracy but also solves the ambiguity of relative swell direction from single station and gives the absolute wave direction to a certain precision. The thesis proposes a constant relative directionmethod to derive swell significant waveheight, based on the studies of radar integral equation and the inverted results of relative swell direction. This proposal is demonstrated to improve the agreement of radar inversion and buoy/model provided significant waveheight and increases significantly the number of samples. The thesis investigates the accuracy of swell parameters obtained by HF radar. Contributions of random errors in radar observations are quantified. Comparing the differences between radar and buoy/model estimations gives assessments of the contribution of radar intrinsic uncertainty and contribution of other factors.
Download or read book Electromagnetic Scattering A Remote Sensing Perspective written by Yang Du and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2017-03-08 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remote sensing is a fast-growing field with many important applications as demonstrated in the numerous scientific missions of the Earth Observation System (EOS) worldwide. Given the inter-disciplinary nature of remote sensing technologies, the fulfillment of these scientific goals calls for, among other things, a fundamental understanding of the complex interaction between electromagnetic waves and the targets of interest.Using a systematic treatment, Electromagnetic Scattering: A Remote Sensing Perspective presents some of the recently advanced methods in electromagnetic scattering, as well as updates on the current progress on several important aspects of such an interaction. The book covers topics including scattering from random rough surfaces of both terranean and oceanic natures, scattering from typical man-made targets or important canonical constituents of natural scenes, such as a dielectric finite cylinder or dielectric thin disk, the characterization of a natural scene as a whole represented as a random medium, and the extraction of target features with a polarimetric radar.
