Download or read book A Quantitative Assessment of Fingerprint Individuality written by David Alan Stoney and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Critical Analysis of Quantitative Fingerprint Individuality Models written by DA. Stoney and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A critical analysis is presented of the seven principal models previously proposed for the quantitative assessment of fingerprint individuality. Although these models have been developed over a long period of time, there has been no systematic or comprehensive review of all seven models; indeed, two very significant models have escaped the attention of contemporary investigators altogether. The present work compares and contrasts these various models. Each of the models that has been proposed is described and discussed critically in relationship to the fingerprint comparison process. None of the models previously advanced is found to incorporate the essential features of fingerprint comparison. These essential features are summarized in the context of a quantitative fingerprint individuality model.
Download or read book Quantitative Assessment of the Individuality of Friction Ridge Patterns written by Sargur N. Srihari and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this project was to increase understanding of the discriminative power of friction ridge patterns using computational approaches. A three-pronged approach was taken: (i) a study of the fingerprints of twins using automatic fingerprint matching algorithms, (ii) modeling the probability distribution of fingerprints from which the probability of random correspondence of fingerprints is determined - this is the generative approach to individuality, and (iii) new algorithms for feature extraction and classification are used to determine error probabilities-- this is the discriminative approach to individuality. The main conclusion of the twins' study is that although friction ridge patterns of twins are more similar than in the general population, they are still discriminable. The twins' findings strengthen the argument of fingerprint individuality. Taking the generative approach the individuality of a forensic modality can also be established by computing the probability of random correspondence of two pieces of evidence directly from the underlying distribution of evidence features. The distribution can be modeled as a mixture distribution whose parameters can be determined from a database of fingerprints. First a model consisting of only minutiae was considered and then expanded to include ridge information as well. It was found that the probability of random correspondence with ridges is much lower than with minutiae alone. These probabilities were quantified in terms of the available number of minutiae and ridge points. In the discriminative approach two new approaches to automatic fingerprint comparison were developed: use of likelihood methods instead of ROC-based methods, and using ridge information in addition to minutiae in fingerprint comparison. Both discriminative studies point to improved performance particularly when there are fewer minutiae available in the input as in the case of latent prints.
Download or read book Courtroom Testimony for Fingerprint Examiners written by Hillary Moses Daluz and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-08-30 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fingerprint examiners today are expected to develop, research and defend the scientific basis of their conclusions. Recent emphasis placed on scientific rigor and transparency through documentation has created a culture shift in the field. Many examiners are baffled by the resulting cultural, procedural and scientific distinctions, often becoming overwhelmed when required to testify as an expert witness to explain such concepts in the courtroom. Courtroom Testimony for Fingerprint Examiners addresses all aspects of courtroom testimony as the first book to focus solely on testifying on fingerprint evidence as a comparative science. The book is presented in two parts. Section I addresses general expert witnessing for forensic scientists. This serves as a primer for the novice or a review for experienced witnesses covering such topics as the structure of the criminal justice system and federal rules of evidence, the role of the expert witness, testimony as teaching, presenting challenging scientific concepts to the layperson, court preparation, the three phases of expert witness testimony and landmark court decisions that have shaped the modern landscape of forensic testimony. Section II focuses on specific issues affecting fingerprint examiners and how to field questions during both direct and cross-examination. While such "hot button" topics are absent from currently available texts, this section pays particular attention to these salient, emerging topics. This includes evidentiary challenges to fingerprint evidence, relevant publications such as the PCAST report, nomenclature and standards development, issues surrounding cognitive bias and subjectivity, probability models, error rates and cases of error and how to address issues of minimum point standards in both the empirical and holistic traditions. Both Section I and Section II provide examples and present innovations applicable to latent and tenprint examiners. Features include: Presents a history of fingerprint evidence and current best practices and limits on characterizing fingerprint evidence in court, including appropriate nomenclature Provides current guidelines and recommendations for standards and the courtroom Illustrates how experts can work with attorneys so that the testimony process educates and informs jurors and judges rather than perpetuating an adversarial dynamic Addresses important issues such as cognitive bias, subjectivity, error rates, probability models and ethics As a forensic training instructor for professionals – and previously as a college professor – author Hillary Moses Daluz has spent the past ten years teaching courtroom testimony courses to forensic scientists. Courtroom Testimony for Fingerprint Examiners offers an invaluable resource to forensic scientists, latent print examiners, tenprint examiners, lab personnel in related comparative fields, attorneys, investigative professionals and students enrolled in forensic science university programs.
Download or read book Handbook of Fingerprint Recognition written by Davide Maltoni and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-07-04 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major new professional reference work on fingerprint security systems and technology from leading international researchers in the field. Handbook provides authoritative and comprehensive coverage of all major topics, concepts, and methods for fingerprint security systems. This unique reference work is an absolutely essential resource for all biometric security professionals, researchers, and systems administrators.
Download or read book The Fingerprint written by U. S. Department Justice and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2014-08-02 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of The Fingerprint Sourcebook originated during a meeting in April 2002. Individuals representing the fingerprint, academic, and scientific communities met in Chicago, Illinois, for a day and a half to discuss the state of fingerprint identification with a view toward the challenges raised by Daubert issues. The meeting was a joint project between the International Association for Identification (IAI) and West Virginia University (WVU). One recommendation that came out of that meeting was a suggestion to create a sourcebook for friction ridge examiners, that is, a single source of researched information regarding the subject. This sourcebook would provide educational, training, and research information for the international scientific community.
Download or read book Technologies for Fingermark Age Estimations A Step Forward written by Josep De Alcaraz-Fossoul and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-15 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses new applications of technologies that have been or could be successfully employed to estimate the age of fingermarks. Determining the specific time a fingermark is deposited could become a powerful new development in forensic science and a useful application to law enforcement. This book aims to shed some light on this important and still controversial area of scientific research. The expert chapters review recent discoveries and current developments with a practical bent, focusing on prospective uses in real-world crime scenes. They take a multidisciplinary approach, featuring contributors with diverse specialties including Chemistry, Imaging Technologies, Forensic Science, Biology and Microbiology. The balanced presentation incorporates critiques on fingermark aging studies, explores the reliability of fingermarks as evidence, and discusses how the estimation of “age” can improve robustness of crime evidence. Each chapter describes a unique aspect of fingermark aging observed from a different analytical perspective: 2D imaging; 3D imaging; chemical analysis; chemical imaging; microbiome analysis; electrochemical analysis; and DNA analysis, as well as the role and application of statistics. Illustrations and graphs aid the reader in understanding the concepts being explained. Not just a compilation of techniques and methods, this book’s emphasis on practical applications and its easy-to-read style will appeal to a broad audience of scientists and criminal justice professionals alike. It will be of great interest to law enforcement, academia, and the criminal justice community; including forensic scientists, investigators, lawyers, students, and researchers. It aims to help facilitate debates in the broader community about the feasibility, convenience, and relevance of estimating the age of evidence.
Download or read book Statistics and the Evaluation of Evidence for Forensic Scientists written by Colin Aitken and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-11-24 with total page 1248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The leading resource in the statistical evaluation and interpretation of forensic evidence The third edition of Statistics and the Evaluation of Evidence for Forensic Scientists is fully updated to provide the latest research and developments in the use of statistical techniques to evaluate and interpret evidence. Courts are increasingly aware of the importance of proper evidence assessment when there is an element of uncertainty. Because of the increasing availability of data, the role of statistical and probabilistic reasoning is gaining a higher profile in criminal cases. That’s why lawyers, forensic scientists, graduate students, and researchers will find this book an essential resource, one which explores how forensic evidence can be evaluated and interpreted statistically. It’s written as an accessible source of information for all those with an interest in the evaluation and interpretation of forensic scientific evidence. Discusses the entire chain of reasoning–from evidence pre-assessment to court presentation; Includes material for the understanding of evidence interpretation for single and multiple trace evidence; Provides real examples and data for improved understanding. Since the first edition of this book was published in 1995, this respected series has remained a leading resource in the statistical evaluation of forensic evidence. It shares knowledge from authors in the fields of statistics and forensic science who are international experts in the area of evidence evaluation and interpretation. This book helps people to deal with uncertainty related to scientific evidence and propositions. It introduces a method of reasoning that shows how to update beliefs coherently and to act rationally. In this edition, readers can find new information on the topics of elicitation, subjective probabilities, decision analysis, and cognitive bias, all discussed in a Bayesian framework.
Download or read book Lee and Gaensslen s Advances in Fingerprint Technology written by Allan Gaw and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-10-18 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflecting new discoveries in fingerprint science, Lee and Gaensslen‘s Advances in Fingerprint Technology, Third Edition has been completely updated with new material and nearly double the references contained in the previous edition. The book begins with a detailed review of current, widely used development techniques, as well as some older, histo
Download or read book Advances in Fingerprint Technology written by Ashim K. Datta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-06-15 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fingerprints constitute one of the most important categories of physical evidence, and it is among the few that can be truly individualized. During the last two decades, many new and exciting developments have taken place in the field of fingerprint science, particularly in the realm of methods for developing latent prints and in the growth of imag
Download or read book Fingerprints and Other Ridge Skin Impressions written by Christophe Champod and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its publication, the first edition of Fingerprints and Other Ridge Skin Impressions has become a classic in the field. This second edition is completely updated, focusing on the latest technology and techniques—including current detection procedures, applicable processing and analysis methods—all while incorporating the expansive growth of literature on the topic since the publication of the original edition. Forensic science has been challenged in recent years as a result of errors, courts and other scientists contesting verdicts, and changes of a fundamental nature related to previous claims of infallibility and absolute individualization. As such, these factors represent a fundamental change in the way training, identifying, and reporting should be conducted. This book addresses these questions with a clear viewpoint as to where the profession—and ridge skin identification in particular—must go and what efforts and research will help develop the field over the next several years. The second edition introduces several new topics, including Discussion of ACE-V and research results from ACE-V studies Computerized marking systems to help examiners produce reports New probabilistic models and decision theories about ridge skin evidence interpretation, introducing Bayesnet tools Fundamental understanding of ridge mark detection techniques, with the introduction of new aspects such as nanotechnology, immunology and hyperspectral imaging Overview of reagent preparation and application Chapters cover all aspects of the subject, including the formation of friction ridges on the skin, the deposition of latent marks, ridge skin mark identification, the detection and enhancement of such marks, as well the recording of fingerprint evidence. The book serves as an essential reference for practitioners working in the field of fingermark detection and identification, as well as legal and police professionals and anyone studying forensic science with a view to understanding current thoughts and challenges in dactyloscopy.
Download or read book The Forensic Laboratory Handbook Procedures and Practice written by Ashraf Mozayani and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-12-14 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forensic science has come a long way in the past ten years. It is much more in-depth and much broader in scope, and the information gleaned from any evidence yields so much more information than it had in the past because of incredible advances in analytic instruments and crucial procedures at both the crime scene and in the lab. Many practices have gone digital, a concept not even fathomed ten years ago. And from the first collection of evidence to its lab analysis and interpretation to its final presentation in court, ethics has become an overriding guiding principle. That’s why this new edition of this classic handbook is indispensable. The Forensic Laboratory Handbook Procedures and Practice includes thirteen new chapters written by real-life practitioners who are experts in the field. It covers the tried and true topics of fingerprints, trace evidence, chemistry, biology, explosives and arson, forensic anthropology, forensic pathology, forensic documents, firearms and toolmarks. This text also addresses an array of new topics including accreditation, certification, ethics, and how insects and bugs can assist in determining many facts including a margin of time of death. In the attempt to offer a complete and comprehensive analysis The Forensic Laboratory Handbook Procedures and Practice also includes a chapter discussing the design of a laboratory. In addition, each chapter contains educational requirements needed for the discipline it covers. Complete with questions at the end of each chapter, brief author bios and real crime scene photos, this text has risen to greet the many new challenges and issues that face today’s forensic crime practitioners.
Download or read book Quantitative Qualitative Friction Ridge Analysis written by David R. Ashbaugh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-10-27 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A thumb print left at the scene of a grisly murder. Fingerprints taken from a getaway car used in a bank robbery. A palm print recovered from the shattered glass door of a burglarized home. Indeed, where crimes are committed, careless perpetrators will invariably leave behind the critical pieces of evidence most likely in the form of fingerprints n
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Biometrics written by Stan Z. Li and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-08-27 with total page 1466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With an A–Z format, this encyclopedia provides easy access to relevant information on all aspects of biometrics. It features approximately 250 overview entries and 800 definitional entries. Each entry includes a definition, key words, list of synonyms, list of related entries, illustration(s), applications, and a bibliography. Most entries include useful literature references providing the reader with a portal to more detailed information.
Download or read book Statistical Models for Fingerprint Individuality written by Yongfang Zhu and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Quantitative Qualitative Friction Ridge Analysis written by David R. Ashbaugh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-10-27 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The science of fingerprint identification isn‘t always cut and dry. This book examines the latest methods and techniques in the science of friction ridge identification, or ridgeology. The author examines every facet of the discipline, from the history of friction ridge identification to the scientific basis and the various steps of the identification process. The book, which features several detailed illustrations and photographs, also includes a new method for Palmar Flexion Crease Identification (palm lines) designed by the author and which has helped solve several criminal cases where fingerprints were not available.
