Download or read book A Qualitative Examination of Colorectal Cancer Screening Utilization in an Urban Population written by Margret Kamel and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colorectal cancer continues to rank as one the leading causes of cancer death in the United States on an annual basis. The majority of deaths are preventable through routine screening, beginning at the age of 50, as outlined and recommended in widely published clinical practice guidelines. The purpose of this research endeavor was to qualitatively examine how individuals over the age 50 perceive colorectal cancer and its causes, the individual, social, systemic, and environmental level obstacles faced when considering and attempting colorectal cancer screening as well as the communication strategies they employed or deemed appropriate toward utilizing screening options. Using in-depth one-on-one interviews, data was collected from 20 individuals 50 years or older living in the greater metropolitan Atlanta, GA area. Participants, a number of whom have medical background, reported knowledge of some known and widely reported risk factors for colorectal cancer. Family history and dietary habits were the most reported risk factors, followed by some mention of alcohol and tobacco consumption. Participants also communicated an awareness and knowledge of colonoscopy and fecal occult blood test (FOBTs) as colorectal cancer screening options. Regarding communication with healthcare providers, participants emphasized patient accountability in preparing for their encounter with their personal healthcare providers, particularly about colorectal cancer screening. Participants engaging in screening were driven to do so by a perceived positive physician-patient interaction where the patient feels respected, feels the physician acts as an advocate, and where the physician engages the patient in informed and shared decision making about screening options. Finally, participants' intention to act as defined by adherence to screening recommendation is further driven by the desire to avoid the experiences of family and friends who were diagnosed at a late stage with colorectal cancer. The findings from this study have implications for healthcare providers and researchers developing and implementing health interventions targeting men and women eligible for colorectal cancer screening.
Download or read book The Impact of Rural Urban Residency on Colorectal Cancer Screening Stage at Diagnosis and Treatment in the Privately Insured Population written by Mesnad Alyabsi and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is the third most common and leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Although CRC screening can prevent and detect CRC at an early stage, about 35% of Americans are not screened. Despite the recent increase in screening, people with lower SES and those who live in rural areas have lowest screening. In rural areas, a common obstacle for screening is the long trips for health services which is associated with advanced CRC. Moreover, surgery is a substantial part of CRC treatment since stages I-III and some metastatic CRC (mCRC) patients are treated with surgery. Up to 25% of patients who undergo surgery get readmitted to the hospital due to several factors which costs $300 million annually. Prior studies showed some variations in CRC treatment between rural and urban patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between rural-urban status and CRC screening, stage at diagnosis and the receipt of CRC surgery. There were three specific aims: 1) To assess the impact of rurality on CRC screening, 2) To assess the impact of travel time on the stage of CRC diagnosis, and 3) To evaluate rural-urban differences in healthcare utilization. We conducted analyses using data from Blue Cross Blue Shield of Nebraska (BCBSNE) between 2012 and 2016. For Aim 1, the study population included BCBSNE members aged 50-64 years with average-risk CRC. For Aim2, the study population included BCBSNE members aged 50-64 years with average-risk CRC. For Aim 3, the study population consisted of CRC patients between the ages of 19-65 years old who had CRC surgery during the study period. Claims data were used to ascertain the CRC screening, diagnosis, receipt of surgery and hospital readmission using ICD and CPT codes. Rural-urban status was based on the Rural-Urban Commuting Area Codes and travel time between the residence and the provider facility was calculated using Google Map. For Aim 1, prevalence rates for FOBT and colonoscopy were calculated and compared using X2-test. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the relationship between the independent variables and CRC screening test. For Aim 2, we used Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for continuous variables and X2-tests for categorical variables and we adjusted for covariates using logistic regression. For Aim 3, Readmission and surgery status were estimated using multivariate logistic regression. There was no significant difference between rural and rural residents in colonoscopy use. However, after adjustment, rural residents were 47% more likely to use FOBT. Patients who do not use preventive services were 2.80 more likely to present with mCRC and urban residents were 3.50 times more likely to receive mCRC. The fact that 12% of our population presents with mCRC suggests some non-compliance with screening guidelines. Therefore, we recommend removing barriers that prevent rural patients from receiving screening colonoscopy and thus increase early detection of CRC. Until these obstacles have been lessened, screening with more convenient tests is encouraged. The use of mailed FOBT test is easy and more accessible.
Download or read book Qualitative Research in Clinical and Health Psychology written by Poul Rohleder and published by Red Globe Press. This book was released on 2014-10-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why are qualitative methods so important to clinical and health psychology research? How do you decide which methods to use? Can you successfully combine qualitative and quantitative methods? Qualitative Research in Clinical and Health Psychology: - Features contributions from world-leading experts in the field - Includes chapters on issues, methodologies and methods often overlooked in qualitative research books, including psychoanalytic methods and discussions of culture and language - Uses a wealth of examples from research projects to show you how to apply the theory to real research This comprehensive textbook is the ideal guide for anybody who wishes to develop their understanding of qualitative methods and to learn how to apply them in clinical and health psychology.
Download or read book Configurational Comparative Methods written by Benoît Rihoux and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2009 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new addition to the Applied Social Research Methods series is unrivalled, it is written by leaders in the growing field of rigorous, comparative techniques.
Download or read book European Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Colorectal Cancer Screening and Diagnosis written by Nereo Segnan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recoge: 1. Introduction -- 2. Organisation -- Guiding principles for organising a colorectal cancer screening programme -- 3. Evaluation and interpretation of screening outcomes -- 4. Faecal occult blood testing -- 5. Quality assurance in endoscopy in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis -- 6. Professional requirements and training -- 7. Quality assurance in pathology in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis -- 8. Management of lesions detected in colorectal cancer screening -- 9. Colonoscopic surveillance following adenoma removal --10. Communication -- Appendices.
Download or read book Colorectal Cancer Screening written by Joseph Anderson, MD and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-04-23 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colorectal Cancer Screening provides a complete overview of colorectal cancer screening, from epidemiology and molecular abnormalities, to the latest screening techniques such as stool DNA and FIT, Computerized Tomography (CT) Colonography, High Definition Colonoscopes and Narrow Band Imaging. As the text is devoted entirely to CRC screening, it features many facts, principles, guidelines and figures related to screening in an easy access format. This volume provides a complete guide to colorectal cancer screening which will be informative to the subspecialist as well as the primary care practitioner. It represents the only text that provides this up to date information about a subject that is continually changing. For the primary practitioner, information on the guidelines for screening as well as increasing patient participation is presentedd. For the subspecialist, information regarding the latest imaging techniques as well as flat adenomas and chromoendoscopy are covered. The section on the molecular changes in CRC will appeal to both groups. The text includes up to date information about colorectal screening that encompasses the entire spectrum of the topic and features photographs of polyps as well as diagrams of the morphology of polyps as well as photographs of CT colonography images. Algorithms are presented for all the suggested guidelines. Chapters are devoted to patient participation in screening and risk factors as well as new imaging technology. This useful volume explains the rationale behind screening for CRC. In addition, it covers the different screening options as well as the performance characteristics, when available in the literature, for each test. This volume will be used by the sub specialists who perform screening tests as well as primary care practitioners who refer patients to be screened for colorectal cancer.
Download or read book Improving Patient Safety Through Teamwork and Team Training written by Eduardo Salas and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2012-09-13 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive study of the science behind improving team performance in the delivery of clinical care.
Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Global Public Health written by Roger Detels and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 1717 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sixth edition of the hugely successful, internationally recognised textbook on global public health and epidemiology, with 3 volumes comprehensively covering the scope, methods, and practice of the discipline
Download or read book Race Ethnicity and Health written by Thomas A. LaVeist and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-09-26 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Race, Ethnicity and Health, Second Edition, is a critical selection of hallmark articles that address health disparities in America. It effectively documents the need for equal treatment and equal health status for minorities. Intended as a resource for faculty and students in public health as well as the social sciences, it will be also be valuable to public health administrators and frontline staff who serve diverse racial and ethnic populations. The book brings together the best peer reviewed research literature from the leading scholars and faculty in this growing field, providing a historical and political context for the study of health, race, and ethnicity, with key findings on disparities in access, use, and quality. This volume also examines the role of health care providers in health disparities and discusses the issue of matching patients and doctors by race. New chapters cover: reflections on demographic changes in the US based on the current census; metrics and nomenclature for disparities; theories of genetic basis for disparities; the built environment; residential segregation; environmental health; occupational health; health disparities in integrated communities; Latino health; Asian populations; stress and health; physician/patient relationships; hospital treatment of minorities; the slavery hypertension hypothesis; geographic disparities; and intervention design.
Download or read book Minority Populations and Health written by Thomas A. LaVeist and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-03-10 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The text is state-of-the-art in its analysis of health disparities from both domestic and international perspectives. Minority Populations and Health: An Introduction to Health Disparities in the United States is a welcome addition to the field because it widens access to the complex issues underlying the health disparities problem. "-- Preventing Chronic Disease/CDC, October 2005 "This is a very comprehensive, evidence-based book dealing with the health disparities that plague the United States. This is a welcome and valuable addition to the field of health care for minority groups in the United States."-- Doody's Publishers Bulletin, August 2005 "Health isn’t color-blind. Racial minorities disproportionately suffer from some diseases, but experts say race alone doesn’t completely account for the disparities. Newsweek's Jennifer Barrett Ozols spoke with Thomas LaVeist, director of the Center for Health Disparities Solutions at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and author of the upcoming book, "Minority Populations and Health: An Introduction to Health Disparities in the U.S." (Jossey-Bass) about race and medicine. "-- MSNBC/Newsweek interview with author Thomas L. LaVeist, February 2005 "The book is readable and organized to be quickly read with specifics readily retrievable. It is comprehensive and visual."-- Journal of the American Medical Association, September 2005 Minority Populations and Health is a textbook that offers a complete foundation in the core issues and theoretical frameworks for the development of policy and interventions to address race disparities in health-related outcomes. This book covers U.S. health and social policy, the role of race and ethnicity in health research, social factors contributing to mortality, longevity and life expectancy, quantitative and demographic analysis and access, and utilization of health services. Instructors material available at http://www.minorityhealth.com
Download or read book Prevention and Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer written by Graeme P. Young and published by W.B. Saunders Company. This book was released on 1996 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an overview of the issues involved in prevention and early detection of colorectal cancer providing up-to-date, practical advice for clinicians. Possible management strategies for those at risk are provided, taking into account the biological principles of colorectal cancer development, epidemiological data and emerging genetic information, as well as social and environmental factors.
Download or read book Implementing Colorectal Cancer Screening written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-12-01 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The IOM's National Cancer Policy Board estimated in 2003 that even modest efforts to implement known tactics for cancer prevention and early detection could result in up to a 29 percent drop in cancer deaths in about 20 years. The IOM's National Cancer Policy Forum, which succeeded the Board after it was disbanded in 2005, continued the Board's work to outline ways to increase screening in the U.S. On February 25 and 26, 2008, the Forum convened a workshop to discuss screening for colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer screening remains low, despite strong evidence that screening prevents deaths. With the aim to make recommended colorectal cancer screening more widespread, the workshop discussed steps to be taken at the clinic, community, and health system levels. Workshop speakers, representing a broad spectrum of leaders in the field, identified major barriers to increased screening and described strategies to overcome these obstacles. This workshop summary highlights the information presented, as well as the subsequent discussion about actions needed to increase colorectal screening and, ultimately, to prevent more colorectal cancer deaths.
Download or read book Cancer Culture and Communication written by Rhonda J. Moore and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume creates a multi-disciplinary dialogue about clinician-patient communication. It offers a description of the relevance of culture as a contextual effect that impacts the clinician-patient relationship. Some topics addressed include: oncology care, quality of life issues, supportive survivorship, etc. It is for physicians, nurses, hospice and palliative care professionals and public health professionals.
Download or read book International Handbook of Health Literacy written by Ullrich Bauer and published by Policy Press. This book was released on 2019-07-31 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Available Open Access under CC-BY-NC licence. Health literacy addresses a range of social dimensions of health, including knowledge, navigation and communication, as well as individual and organizational skills for accessing, understanding, evaluating and using information. Particularly over the past decade, health literacy has globally become a major public health concern as an asset for promoting health, wellbeing and sustainable development. This comprehensive handbook provides an invaluable overview of current international thinking about health literacy, highlighting cutting edge research, policy and practice in the field. With a diverse team of contributors, the book addresses health literacy across the life-span and offers insights from different populations and settings. Providing a wide range of major findings, the book outlines current discourse in the field and examines necessary future dialogues and new perspectives.
Download or read book Theory at a Glance written by Karen Glanz and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease written by Ann M. Coulston and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-04-28 with total page 1075 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease, Fourth Edition, is a compilation of current knowledge in clinical nutrition and an overview of the rationale and science base of its application to practice in the prevention and treatment of disease. In its fourth edition, this text continues the tradition of incorporating new discoveries and methods related to this important area of research Generating and analyzing data that summarize dietary intake and its association with disease are valuable tasks in treating disease and developing disease prevention strategies. Well-founded medical nutrition therapies can minimize disease development and related complications. Providing scientifically sound, creative, and effective nutrition interventions is both challenging and rewarding. Two new chapters on metabolomics and translational research, which have come to be used in nutrition research in recent years. The new areas of study are discussed with the perspective that the application of the scientific method is by definition an evolutionary process. A new chapter on Genetics and Diabetes which reviews the latest research on causal genetic variants and biological mechanisms responsible for the disease, and explores potential interactions with environmental factors such as diet and lifestyle. Includes all major "omics" – the exposome, metabolomics, genomics, and the gut microbiome. Expands the microbiota portions to reflect complexity of diet on gut microbial ecology, metabolism and health
Download or read book Systems Practices for the Care of Socially At Risk Populations written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-05-07 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) have been moving from volume-based, fee-for-service payment to value-based payment (VBP), which aims to improve health care quality, health outcomes, and patient care experiences, while also controlling costs. Since the passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, CMS has implemented a variety of VBP strategies, including incentive programs and risk-based alternative payment models. Early evidence from these programs raised concerns about potential unintended consequences for health equity. Specifically, emerging evidence suggests that providers disproportionately serving patients with social risk factors for poor health outcomes (e.g., individuals with low socioeconomic position, racial and ethnic minorities, gender and sexual minorities, socially isolated persons, and individuals residing in disadvantaged neighborhoods) may be more likely to fare poorly on quality rankings and to receive financial penalties, and less likely to receive financial rewards. The drivers of these disparities are poorly understood, and differences in interpretation have led to divergent concerns about the potential effect of VBP on health equity. Some suggest that underlying differences in patient characteristics that are out of the control of providers lead to differences in health outcomes. At the same time, others are concerned that differences in outcomes between providers serving socially at-risk populations and providers serving the general population reflect disparities in the provision of health care. Systems Practices for the Care of Socially At-Risk Populations seeks to better distinguish the drivers of variations in performance among providers disproportionately serving socially at-risk populations and identifies methods to account for social risk factors in Medicare payment programs. This report identifies best practices of high-performing hospitals, health plans, and other providers that serve disproportionately higher shares of socioeconomically disadvantaged populations and compares those best practices of low-performing providers serving similar patient populations. It is the second in a series of five brief reports that aim to inform the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Planning and Evaluation (ASPE) analyses that account for social risk factors in Medicare payment programs mandated through the Improving Medicare Post-Acute Care Transformation (IMPACT) Act.
