Download or read book A Proposal to Determine the Taxonomic Status of Several Subspecies of Cutthroat Trout Using Biochemical and Cytogenetic Techniques in Yellowstone National Park and Grand Teton National Park written by Eric J. Loudenslager and published by . This book was released on with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several subspecies of cutthroat trout are native to Wyoming. The Snake River, Yellowstone, and Colorado River cutthroats are predominant. Because these fish have evolved in independent drainage, meristic and ecological characteristics have diverged significantly. By using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and differential chromosome staining techniques, the biochemical and cytogenetic differences between cutthroat subspecies will be defined. The objectives of this project are to accomplish the following : locate biochemical markers for populations of each subspecies ; search for suspected chromosomal polymorphisms ; correlate meristic and molecular genetic analyses ; and evaluate the taxonomic status of Salmo clarki ssp. in Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Park. This study has several applications in fishery biology. First, if further developed, biochemical and cytological techniques can become powerful tools in the management of natural fish populations. This enables management of a single breeding population instead of treating all members of a species or subspecies as a large interbreeding aggregate. Secondly, by examining several genetic loci in natural populations can be developed. By combining the results and techniques from this project, management of the cutthroat should be enhanced such that the native stocks can be maintained and yet optimally utilized for selective breeding of hatchery stocks for planting in many Wyoming state waters.

Download or read book A Cytogenetic Analysis of Cutthroat Trout in Yellowstone National Park written by Robert M. Kitchin and published by . This book was released on with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One important goal of fisheries managers is the preservation of the breeding populations of native species. The cutthroat trout, Salmo clarki, is the trout species native to the Rocky Mountains and is found in several independent drainage systems on both sides of the Continental Divide. The cutthroat trout in Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks are among the last representatives of a gene pool which had become well adapted over thousands of years to the environmental conditions prevalent in this area. Non-native trout species, however, have been introduced into this aream in the past with which the native cutthroat trout might hybridize. For the past few years we have been employing both biochemical and cytogenetic techniques to evaluate the taxonomic status and assess the purity of cutthroat trout populations in Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks. The objectives of the cytogenetic portion of this research project were : to compare cytogenetically the cutthroat trout populations present in Yellowstone National Park ; to determine the extent of within individual and between individual variation in the chromosomal constitution of cutthroat trout ; to assess the purity of the existing cutthroat trout populations in Yellowstone National Park by looking for cytogentic evidence of introgression between cutthroat and non-native rainbow trout ; and to evaluate the taxonomic status of the Colorado River cutthroat trout. The report describes the results of the cytogenetic portion of our studies. The results of the electrophoretic studies will be submitted separately by Dr. Loudenslager.

Download or read book Natural Variation in Spotting Hyoid Teeth Counts and Coloration of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout written by Ross V. Bulkley and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Differences in hyoid teeth and spotting counts among samples from four related populations of Yellowstone cutthroat trout, Salmo clarki lewisi Girard, reached species and subspecies levels as defined by some workers. Body coloration varied significantly among fish in six spawning runs of Yellowstone Lake, Wyo. The use of coloration, spotting, and hyoid teeth counts in cutthroat trout for taxonomic purposes needs reevalution.

Download or read book Genetic Differentiation of Cutthroat Trout Populations in Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks written by Eric J. Loudenslager and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Conservation Assessment for Inland Cutthroat Trout written by Donald A. Duff and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1998-04 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document focuses on the current status, distribution and range for five subspecies of cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarki, which are found largely on national forest system lands and ecosystems in the Rocky Mountain and Intermountain West within the U.S. from the Canadian to the Mexican border. The 5 subspecies -- Westslope, Yellowstone, Bonneville, Rio Grande, and Colorado River cutthroat trout -- are designated either species of special concern or sensitive. These subspecies are presently restricted to a fragment of their former range. Includes assessment methods, and origins and taxonomic theory. Illustrated.

Download or read book Conservation Assessment for Inland Cutthroat Trout written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Revised Bibliography on the Cutthroat Trout written by Oliver B. Cope and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper is a compilation of 221 abstracts of publications on the biology, culture, distribution, and management of the cutthroat trout, Salmo clarki Richardson. The 1958 publication, "Annotated Bibliography on the Cutthroat Trout," contained 135 abstracts, which have been incorporated with recent ones to form the present report.

Download or read book Genetic Considerations for the Conservation and Management of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus Clarkii Bouvieri in Yellowstone National Park written by David Joel Janetski and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A key component to conservation is an accurate understanding of genetic subdivision within a species. Despite their ecological and economic importance, relatively little is understood about the genetic structuring of Yellowstone cutthroat trout in Yellowstone National Park. Here, we use traditional (Fst, Rst, Nm, and AMOVA) and modern (Bayesian assignment tests, coalescent theory, and nested clade analysis) analytical approaches to describe the population genetic subdivision of cutthroat trout spawning populations in Yellowstone Lake and to identify genetically distinct population segments throughout Yellowstone National Park. Evidence for restricted gene flow between spawning populations within Yellowstone Lake was detected using nested clade analysis. This is the first molecular evidence for restricted gene flow between spawning populations in Yellowstone Lake. In contrast, traditional methods such as Fst and Rst as well as the Bayesian clustering program STRUCTURE v2.0 failed to detect evidence for restricted gene flow. Across our sampling range within Yellowstone National Park, eleven genetically distinct cutthroat trout population segments were detected. These showed a general pattern of small, isolated populations with low genetic diversity in headwater streams and wide-spread, genetically diverse populations in higher-order rivers. We recommend populations be managed to maintain current levels of genetic diversity and gene flow. Based on the recent decline of and distinct morphological, behavioral, and genetic nature of cutthroat trout in Yellowstone Lake, we recommend the Yellowstone Lake spawning populations collectively be recognized as an evolutionarily significant unit.

Download or read book Mortality Studies on Cutthroat Trout in Yellowstone Lake by Orville P Ball and Oliver B Cope written by Orville P. Ball and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a study of the Yellowstone Lake cutthroat trout, Salmo clarki lewisi, by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, effects of environment on mortality of eggs, immature fish, spawners, and postspawners were measured for various components of the population in Yellowstone Lake (Wyoming). Five methods for estimating mortality of adults on spawning runs are described, with counting and tagging as the principal procedures. Of the total number of eggs deposited in the gravel, 60 to 75 percent died before hatching, and 99.6 percent had died by the time the fingerlings enetered Yellowstone Lake. In Arnica Creek runs, 48.6 percent died in the stream, 40.2 died later in the lake of natural causes, 7.6 were taken by fishermen, and 3.6 percent were alive 2 years later. The white pelican is a serious predator on cutthroat trout in Yellowstone Lake. From 1949 to 1953 fishermen caught 11.6 percent of the catchable trout available to them. Migrations of adult fish in Yellowstone Lake were traced through tagging.

Download or read book Life history Organization of Cutthroat Trout in Yellowstone Lake and Its Management Implications written by Robert E. Gresswell and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life-history organization of the cutthroat trout (Oncorhvnchus clarki) may be viewed at various levels, including species, subspecies, metapopulation, population, or individual. Each level varies in spatial scale and temporal persistence, and components at each level continually change with changes in environment. Cutthroat trout are widely distributed throughout the western USA, and during its evolution the species has organized into fourteen subspecies with many different life-history characteristics and habitat requirements. Within subspecies, organization is equally complex. For example, life-history traits, such as average size and age, migration strategy, and migration timing, vary among individual spawning populations of Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Oncorhvnchus clarki bouvieri) in tributary streams of Yellowstone Lake. In this study specific life-history traits of adfluvial cutthroat trout spawners from Yellowstone Lake were examined in relation to habitat of tributary drainages and subbasins of the lake. Results suggest that stream drainages vary along gradients that can be described by mean aspect, mean elevation, and drainage size. Approximately two-thirds of the variation in the timing of annual cutthroat trout spawning migrations and average size of spawners can be described by third-degree polynomial regressions with mean aspect and elevation as predictor variables. Differences in average size and growth of cutthroat trout suggested metapopulation substructure related spatial heterogeneity of environmental characteristics of individual lake subbasins. Evidence that polytypic species can adapt to heterogenous environments, even within a single lake, has implications for the conservation, restoration, and management of many freshwater fishes. Understanding the consequences of human perturbations on life-history organization is critical for management of the cutthroat trout and other polytypic salmonid species. Loss of diversity at the any hierarchical level jeopardizes long-term ability of the species to adapt to changing environments, and it may also lead to increased fluctuations in abundance and yield and increase risk of extinction. Recent emphasis on a holistic view of natural systems and their management is associated with a growing appreciation of the role of human values in these systems. The recreational fishery for Yellowstone cutthroat trout in Yellowstone National Park is an example of the effects of management on a natural-cultural system. Although angler harvest has been drastically reduced or prohibited, the recreational value of Yellowstone cutthroat trout estimated by angling factors (e.g., landing rate or size) ranks above all other sport species in Yellowstone National Park. To maintain an indigenous fishery resource of this quality with hatchery propagation is not economically or technically feasible. Nonconsumptive uses of the Yellowstone cutthroat trout including fish-watching and intangible values, such as existence demand, provide additional support for protection of wild Yellowstone cutthroat trout populations. A management strategy that reduces resource extraction has provided a means to sustain a quality recreational fishery while enhancing values associated with the protection of natural systems.

Download or read book Cutthroat written by Pat Trotter and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cutthroat tells the full story of the genuine native trout of the American West. This new edition, thoroughly revised and updated after 20 years, synthesizes what is currently known about one of our most interesting and colorful fishes, includes much new information on its biology and ecology, asks how it has fared in the last century, and looks toward its future. In a passionate and accessibly written narrative, Patrick Trotter, fly fisher, environmental advocate, and science consultant, details the evolution, natural history, and conservation of each of the cutthroat's races and incorporates more personal reflections on the ecology and environmental history of the West's river ecosystems. The bibliography now includes what may be the most comprehensive and complete set of references available anywhere on the cutthroat trout. Written for anglers, nature lovers, environmentalists, and students, and featuring vibrant original illustrations by Joseph Tomelleri, this is an essential reference for anyone who wants to learn more about this remarkable, beautiful, and fragile western native.

Download or read book CUTTHROAT TROUT written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Subspecies and Ecologically Based Categories Predict Morphological Divergence Among Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus Clarkii Ssp Populations written by Meredith B. Seiler and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a means of assessing the relative ability of subspecific and ecologically based measures of intraspecific diversity, I compared the proportion of morphological variation accounted for by subspecies categories with the proportion encompassed by ecologically based categories in cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii ssp.). To determine whether subspecies differed based on morphological traits and if there was an additional amount of variation not accounted for by this taxonomic category but was associated with stream and lake environments, I sampled native populations of four subspecies of cutthroat trout over a wide geographic area. I used linear and geometric morphometrics to compare measures of body shape, fin length, head and mouth size and eye diameter between and within subspecies. Both taxonomically and ecologically based categories accounted for a significant proportion of the morphological variation between and within cutthroat trout subspecies; however, the larger proportion was explained by subspecies differences, with the greatest morphological divergence between coastal cutthroat trout and interior subspecies. Similarly, stream and lake-dwelling cutthroat trout also exhibited significant differences in morphology, but the largest differences occurred between stream and lake populations of Yellowstone cutthroat trout. Given that many cutthroat trout species are of conservation concern, my project provides a better understanding of intraspecific variation existing within the species as well as a means of effectively identifying subspecies in order to preserve variation that my be important for the persistence of the species. These techniques may provide a method of describing important levels of diversity based on ecological conditions that could be used to determine conservation priorities.

Download or read book Memorandum of Agreement for Conservation and Management of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Among Montana Idaho Wyoming Nevada Utah U S Forest Service Yellowstone National Park Grand Teton National Park written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Methods for Assessing Cutthroat Trout Range Within Yellowstone National Park written by Kevin Olson and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Watershed Boundaries and Geographic Isolation written by Janet L. Loxterman and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background For wide-ranging species, intraspecific variation can occur as a result of reproductive isolation from local adaptive differences or from physical barriers to movement. Cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii), a widely distributed fish species from North America, has been divided into numerous putative subspecies largely based on its isolation in different watersheds. In this study, we examined mtDNA sequence variation of cutthroat trout to determine the major phylogenetic lineages of this polytypic species. We use these data as a means of testing whether geographic isolation by watershed boundaries can be a primary factor organizing intraspecific diversification. Results We collected cutthroat trout from locations spanning almost the entire geographic range of this species and included samples from all major subspecies of cutthroat trout. Based on our analyses, we reveal eight major lineages of cutthroat trout, six of which correspond to subspecific taxonomy commonly used to describe intraspecific variation in this species. The Bonneville cutthroat trout (O. c. utah) and Yellowstone cutthroat trout (O. c. bouvieri) did not form separate monophyletic lineages, but instead formed an intermixed clade. We also document the geographic distribution of a Great Basin lineage of cutthroat trout; a group typically defined as Bonneville cutthroat trout, but it appears more closely related to the Colorado River lineage of cutthroat trout. Conclusion Our study indicates that watershed boundaries can be an organizing factor isolating genetic diversity in fishes; however, historical connections between watersheds can also influence the template of isolation. Widely distributed species, like cutthroat trout, offer an opportunity to assess where historic watershed connections may have existed, and help explain the current distribution of biological diversity across a landscape.

Download or read book Correlation of Environmental Attributes with Histopathology of Native Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Naturally Infected with Myxobolus Cerebralis written by Silvia Murcia and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infection by the invasive parasite Myxobolus cerebralis (causing whirling disease in salmonids) is strongly influenced by a stream's physico-chemical characteristics, which might affect host pathology. We examined whether environmental variables of a M. cerebralis-positive tributary to Yellowstone Lake, Yellowstone National Park, USA, correlated with the histopathology of naturally infected native cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri. Host inflammatory response and cranial cartilage lesions were the main correlates with whirling behavior. Canonical correlation analyses showed that the prevalence of trout with severe lesions in the cranial and jaw cartilages was highest in stream sites with a combination of high temperature and low specific conductivity. Our results reveal that environmental components can affect when and where a pathogen resides within the host, and manifestation of disease. Recognition of the synergism among environmental and histopathology factors most conducive to whirling disease will increase our prediction and detection abilities for M. cerebralis in salmonid hosts.