Download or read book A New Approach to Detecting Deception Using Learning Theory written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The scientific literature on the detection of deception indicates that the use various physiological signals and testing approaches such as the guilty knowledge, or control question tests, yield results better than chance though lacking in sensitivity, specificity, and resistance to countermeasures (Committee to Review the Scientific Evidence on the Polygraph, 2003, "The polygraph and lie detection." Washington, DC: National Academy Press). Recent approaches that use brain imaging and other new technologies still rely on the emergence of a natural lie response that is presumed intrinsic to all people. While some people do intrinsically emit anxiety during deception, data do not support the ubiquitous nature of such a response. While serving on the National Academy of Sciences Committee to review the scientific evidence for the validity of the polygraph, we developed an alternative analytic approach to the detection of deception. The approach differs from previous approaches in two fundamental ways. First, we proposed to use Pavlovian conditioning techniques to instill a unique but innocuous physiological response (e.g., a micro-eye blink) when they are exposed to an untrue statement. Second, we proposed to develop a sensitive and specific digital signal processing algorithm for each person individually based on the pattern (e.g., timing, frequency components, symmetry across the right and left ocular regions) of responses that best discriminated that individual's perception of a true (e.g., I kick a ball with my leg") versus untrue (e.g., "I kick a ball with my arm")statement. If no such response template is found, evidence is secured that one cannot test for deception. If signal detection analysis suggests a response template is apparent, this template is used to evaluate whether subsequent test items (e.g., "I was born in June") are true or untrue. (Test items are personally relevant questions for which we have ground truth.).

Download or read book Detecting Deception written by Pär Anders Granhag and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-01-20 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Detecting Deception offers a state-of-the-art guide to the detection of deception with a focus on the ways in which new cognitive psychology-based approaches can improve practice and results in the field. Includes comprehensive coverage of the latest scientific developments in the detection of deception and their implications for real-world practice Examines current challenges in the field - such as counter-interrogation strategies, lying networks, cross-cultural deception, and discriminating between true and false intentions Reveals a host of new approaches based on cognitive psychology with the potential to improve practice and results, including the strategic use of evidence, imposing cognitive load, response times, and covert lie detection Features contributions from internationally renowned experts

Download or read book Detecting Deception written by Pär Anders Granhag and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-01-20 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Detecting Deception offers a state-of-the-art guide to the detection of deception with a focus on the ways in which new cognitive psychology-based approaches can improve practice and results in the field. Includes comprehensive coverage of the latest scientific developments in the detection of deception and their implications for real-world practice Examines current challenges in the field - such as counter-interrogation strategies, lying networks, cross-cultural deception, and discriminating between true and false intentions Reveals a host of new approaches based on cognitive psychology with the potential to improve practice and results, including the strategic use of evidence, imposing cognitive load, response times, and covert lie detection Features contributions from internationally renowned experts

Download or read book Detecting Concealed Information and Deception written by J. Peter Rosenfeld and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-02-16 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Detecting Concealed Information and Deception: Recent Developments assembles contributions from the world’s leading experts on all aspects of concealed information detection. This reference examines an array of different methods—behavioral, verbal interview and physiological—of detecting concealed information. Chapters from leading legal authorities address how to make use of detected information for present and future legal purposes. With a theoretical and empirical foundation, the book also covers new human interviewing techniques, including the highly influential Implicit Association Test among others. Presents research from Concealed Information Test (CIT) studies Explores the legal implications and admissibility of the CIT Covers EEG, event-related brain potentials (ERP) and autonomic detection measures Reviews multiple verbal lie detection tools Discusses ocular movements during deception and evasion Identifies how to perceive malicious intentions Explores personality dimensions associated with deception, including religion, age and gender

Download or read book The Polygraph and Lie Detection written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-02-22 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The polygraph, often portrayed as a magic mind-reading machine, is still controversial among experts, who continue heated debates about its validity as a lie-detecting device. As the nation takes a fresh look at ways to enhance its security, can the polygraph be considered a useful tool? The Polygraph and Lie Detection puts the polygraph itself to the test, reviewing and analyzing data about its use in criminal investigation, employment screening, and counter-intelligence. The book looks at: The theory of how the polygraph works and evidence about how deceptivenessâ€"and other psychological conditionsâ€"affect the physiological responses that the polygraph measures. Empirical evidence on the performance of the polygraph and the success of subjects' countermeasures. The actual use of the polygraph in the arena of national security, including its role in deterring threats to security. The book addresses the difficulties of measuring polygraph accuracy, the usefulness of the technique for aiding interrogation and for deterrence, and includes potential alternativesâ€"such as voice-stress analysis and brain measurement techniques.

Download or read book Detecting Deception written by Amanda Sturgill and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2020-08-20 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Teaching fact checking and verification is an essential part of journalism education. When a confusing media environment includes statements like “Truth is not truth” and “The president offered alternative facts,” students need to go beyond traditional reporting standards. They need to be trained to consider the presentation of reality in deciding if a statement is misleading or patently false. Detecting Deception applies the concepts of logical argumentation to supplement the verification techniques that are the stock and trade of any media professional. Pithy and practical, Amanda Sturgill draws from present day news examples to help students recognize the most common bad arguments people make. Detecting Deception is an essential tool for training future journalists to build stories that recognize faulty arguments and hold their subjects to a higher standard.

Download or read book Detecting Lies and Deceit written by Aldert Vrij and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-02-19 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do people lie? Do gender and personality differences affect how people lie? How can lies be detected? Detecting Lies and Deceit provides the most comprehensive review of deception to date. This revised edition provides an up-to-date account of deception research and discusses the working and efficacy of the most commonly used lie detection tools, including: Behaviour Analysis Interview Statement Validity Assessment Reality Monitoring Scientific Content Analysis Several different polygraph tests Voice Stress Analysis Thermal Imaging EEG-P300 Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) All three aspects of deception are covered: nonverbal cues, speech and written statement analysis and (neuro)physiological responses. The most common errors in lie detection are discussed and practical guidelines are provided to help professionals improve their lie detection skills. Detecting Lies and Deceit is a must-have resource for students, academics and professionals in psychology, criminology, policing and law.

Download or read book Detecting Lies and Deceit written by Aldert Vrij and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2000-05-25 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do people lie, and how can lies be detected? There is now a substantial psychological literature relating to these fundamental questions, and this book reviews the relevant knowledge in detail, before focusing on guidelines for best practice in detecting deception. Psychological research is now available on individual differences in lying behaviour (gender differences, age differences and personality). There is also interesting research evidence of the ways in which deception is reflected both in real objective non-verbal behaviour and also in the perceived non-verbal cues which can help or mislead the observer in detecting deception. Although the book does include a major survey of the physiological aspects of deception and the polygraph as a method of detection, it also includes a thorough review of current knowledge of content analysis and validity assessment of speech and written statements. The book ends by discussing how professionals can improve lie detection by focusing on key aspects of the behaviour of the liar and by awareness and control of their own behaviour. Covers all three aspects of deception?non-verbal cues, speech and written statement analysis, and physiological responses Focuses on the behaviour and perceptions of the observer which can hinder the process of detection Based on the author?s expert review of the research and evidence, and on his practical experience and connections with several police forces "Without doubt, this book is the most important contribution to research and practice in lie detection to be published in years. For the first time research about verbal, nonverbal and physiological correlates of truth telling and deception are reviewed comprehensively in one text. This book will benefit those who have to decide whether people are telling the truth or lying, because it both reviews contemporary research and provides practical guidelines." Frans Willem Winkel, Free University of Amsterdam President EAPL (European Association of Psychology and Law) This book is aimed at students, academics and professionals in psychology, criminology, policing and law.

Download or read book Deception in Text written by Franco Salvetti and published by . This book was released on 2017-05-19 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Detecting Trust and Deception in Group Interaction written by V. S. Subrahmanian and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-07 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes the multimodal verbal and nonverbal behavior of humans in both an artificial game, based on the well-known Mafia and Resistance games, as well as selected other settings. This book develops statistical results linking different types of facial expressions (e.g. smile, pursed lips, raised eyebrows), vocal features (e.g., pitch, loudness) and linguistic features (e.g., dominant language, turn length) with both unary behaviors (e.g. is person X lying?) to binary behaviors (Is person X dominant compared to person Y? Does X trust Y? Does X like Y?). In addition, this book describes machine learning and computer vision-based algorithms that can be used to predict deception, as well as the visual focus of attention of people during discussions that can be linked to many binary behaviors. It is written by a multidisciplinary team of both social scientists and computer scientists. Meetings are at the very heart of human activity. Whether you are involved in a business meeting or in a diplomatic negotiation, such an event has multiple actors, some cooperative and some adversarial. Some actors may be deceptive, others may have complex relationships with others in the group. This book consists of a set of 11 chapters that describe the factors that link human behavior in group settings and attitudes to facial and voice characteristics. Researchers working in social sciences (communication, psychology, cognitive science) with an interest in studying the link between human interpersonal behavior and facial/speech/linguistic characteristics will be interested in this book. Computer scientists, who are interested in developing machine learning and deep learning based models of human behavior in group settings will also be interested in purchasing this book.

Download or read book How to Spot a Lie Response Conflict Sensory Details and Other Theory based Approaches to Memory and Deception Detection written by Claudia Tielt and published by . This book was released on 2019-05-11 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2017 in the subject Psychology - Forensic Psychology, Penal System, grade: nicht benotet, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, language: English, abstract: Early psychophysiological approaches were based on the assumption that anxiety in the situation of an examination discriminates between deceptive and truthful testimonies. Since then, different procedures have been developed that aim at detecting deception. The theoretical underpinnings of these procedures are diverse and differ in precision. This paper will propose a framework for deception research based on established psychological theories. This work begins with a brief review of the most important psychophysiological procedures used to detect memory and deception as well as their respective theoretical foundations. Then an attempt is made to build a conceptual framework for deception research based on established psychological theories. In this endeavour, the complex process of deception versus truthful memory-based reporting will be broken down into the simpler mental processes that can be theoretically expected to be involved. The theoretical assumptions on the mental processes behind lying will be linked to relevant neuropsychological and psychophysiological findings, while taking into consideration the typical restraints given in the context of applied deception detection.

Download or read book Spy the Lie written by Philip Houston and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2013-07-16 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three former CIA officers--the world's foremost authorities on recognizing deceptive behavior--share their techniques for spotting a lie with thrilling anecdotes from the authors' careers in counterintelligence.

Download or read book Duped written by Timothy R. Levine and published by University Alabama Press. This book was released on 2019 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A scrupulous account that overturns many commonplace notions about how we can best detect lies and falsehoods From the advent of fake news to climate-science denial and Bernie Madoff's appeal to investors, people can be astonishingly gullible. Some people appear authentic and sincere even when the facts discredit them, and many people fall victim to conspiracy theories and economic scams that should be dismissed as obviously ludicrous. This happens because of a near-universal human tendency to operate within a mindset that can be characterized as a "truth-default." We uncritically accept most of the messages we receive as "honest." We all are perceptually blind to deception. We are hardwired to be duped. The question is, can anything be done to militate against our vulnerability to deception without further eroding the trust in people and social institutions that we so desperately need in civil society? Timothy R. Levine's Duped: Truth-Default Theory and the Social Science of Lying and Deception recounts a decades-long program of empirical research that culminates in a new theory of deception--truth-default theory. This theory holds that the content of incoming communication is typically and uncritically accepted as true, and most of the time, this is good. Truth-default allows humans to function socially. Further, because most deception is enacted by a few prolific liars, the so called "truth-bias" is not really a bias after all. Passive belief makes us right most of the time, but the catch is that it also makes us vulnerable to occasional deceit. Levine's research on lie detection and truth-bias has produced many provocative new findings over the years. He has uncovered what makes some people more believable than others and has discovered several ways to improve lie-detection accuracy. In Duped, Levine details where these ideas came from, how they were tested, and how the findings combine to produce a coherent new understanding of human deception and deception detection.

Download or read book Credibility Assessment written by J.C. Yuille and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Credibility assessment refers to any attempt to ascertain truthfulness. Other terms which have been used to refer to the assessment of credibility include the detection of deception and lie detection. The term lie detection has become virtually synonymous with the use of the polygraph and can no longer be used to refer to the range of procedures currently employed to assess credibility. Also, both lie detection and the detection of deception have a negative cast which does not fully capture the orientation of current approaches to credibility. Consequently, the term credibility assessment has emerged recently as the preferred label. The goal of credibility assessment is typically the determination of the truth of a statement or be found in set of statements. The need or desire to make such an assessment can every human context from marital relations through clinical examinations to police and court interrogations. Examples of the kinds of statements which require credibility assessment are: 1) A child's assertion that she or he has been sexually abused. 2) The claim by a previously suicidal person that he or she has recovered and will not attempt suicide again. 3) The denial of guilt by a suspect in a criminal investigation. 4 ) The confident statement of a witness that he or she is sure in his or her identification of a thief. 5) The vow of loyalty by a potential employee for a security job. It is necessary to assess the credibility of these and similar statements.

Download or read book Liespotting written by Pamela Meyer and published by St. Martin's Press. This book was released on 2010-07-20 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liespotting shows how to use the latest techniques to spot deception in work and life situations. GET TO THE TRUTH People--friends, family members, work colleagues, salespeople--lie to us all the time. Daily, hourly, constantly. None of us is immune, and all of us are victims. According to studies by several different researchers, most of us encounter nearly 200 lies a day. Now there's something we can do about it. Pamela Meyer's Liespotting links three disciplines--facial recognition training, interrogation training, and a comprehensive survey of research in the field--into a specialized body of information developed specifically to help business leaders detect deception and get the information they need to successfully conduct their most important interactions and transactions. Some of the nation's leading business executives have learned to use these methods to root out lies in high stakes situations. Liespotting for the first time brings years of knowledge--previously found only in the intelligence community, police training academies, and universities--into the corporate boardroom, the manager's meeting, the job interview, the legal proceeding, and the deal negotiation. WHAT'S IN THE BOOK? Learn communication secrets previously known only to a handful of scientists, interrogators and intelligence specialists. Liespotting reveals what's hiding in plain sight in every business meeting, job interview and negotiation: - The single most dangerous facial expression to watch out for in business & personal relationships - 10 questions that get people to tell you anything - A simple 5-step method for spotting and stopping the lies told in nearly every high-stakes business negotiation and interview - Dozens of postures and facial expressions that should instantly put you on Red Alert for deception - The telltale phrases and verbal responses that separate truthful stories from deceitful ones - How to create a circle of advisers who will guarantee your success

Download or read book The Detection of Deception in Forensic Contexts written by Pär Anders Granhag and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-12-09 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most fascinating sub-divisions within the rapidly growing field of psychology and law is the area of deception detection. Traditionally this area has been characterised by a number of approaches which have analysed different aspects of deception such as verbal content, non-verbal behaviour, and polygraph testing. The last few years' intensive research has resulted in an impressive corpus of new knowledge about issues such as cross-cultural deception, the detection of simulated amnesia and false confessions, lie-catching expertise and how best to train professionals in detecting deception. This book provides a state-of-the-art account of current research and practice, written by an international team of experts and will be a valuable resource for academics, students, practitioners and all professionals within the legal domain who need to tackle questions of credibility and reliability.

Download or read book The Psychology of Lying and Detecting Lies written by Bella DePaulo and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-03-27 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of 29 of the most popular blog posts and chapters on deception written by Dr. Bella DePaulo, one of the world's leading experts on the psychology of lying and detecting lies. Drawing from research - much of it her own - Professor DePaulo helps us understand big-time liars as well as the more ordinary liars in our everyday lives. Want to know what science has to say about detecting deception? There are 7 short chapters on that. Another 9 chapters explore the dynamics of deceit in our interactions with our romantic partners, friends, and family. Regardless of what you think you already know about deception, you will undoubtedly learn something new and surprising from this book. CONTENTS. I.FIRST, SOME TRUTHS ABOUT LIES 1.6 truths about lies 2.Why do people lie to you? II.PROFILES OF ORDINARY LIARS 3.Who lies? 4.Men or women: Who lies more? III.BIG-TIME LIARS 5.How ordinary people become extraordinary liars 6.Big-time liars: Top 7 lies they tell themselves 7.How President Trump's lies are different from other people's 8.For writing about President Trump's lies, I got called an "ugly witch" and more 9.Deception: It's what Dexter does best (well, second best) 10.Getting suckered by a killer IV.FIGURING OUT WHEN YOU ARE GETTING DUPED 11.Looks can kill - your better judgment 12.Why are we so bad at detecting lies? 13.How body language lets us down 14.Unconscious, gut-level lie detection? 15.Can't keep your story straight: Maybe not such a great cue to deception after all 16.If you watch 'Lie to Me, ' will you become more successful at detecting lies? 17.Suppose you could know exactly what other people were thinking and feeling: Would you want to? V.LYING AND DETECTING LIES IN RELATIONSHIPS (AND NOT JUST ROMANTIC ONES) 18.Do relationships need lies to survive? 19.Infidelity: Who are the real cheaters? 20.Spotting a cheater: How long do you have to know a person before you can do it accurately? 21.Manti Te'o and the revenge of the romantic fantasy 22.When you are the last to know you've been duped 23.Friends and lovers: Is there a 'knew it all along' effect? 24.What friends know that others don't 25.The power and peril of hurt feelings VI.LYING AND DETECTING LIES IN SPECIAL CONTEXTS 26.Do audio-only press briefings make it easier to mislead? 27.Airport screening post-9/11 - what happens before you even get to any of the machines 28.Can a computer tell when you are lying? 29.Accused of doing something awful? Here's how to convince others of your innocence