Download or read book Behavioral Primatology written by A. M. Schrier and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-11-26 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1977. The volume of research on nonhuman primates has expanded tremendously during the past 20 years and researchers' familiarity with them has increased correspondingly. This series of volumes deals with scientific studies of the behavior of nonhuman primates-apes, monkeys, and prosimians. The behavior of these animals is, of course, of interest in its own right. But, then, so is that of the many other orders of animals. Behavior of nonhuman primates is of special interest because these animals are more closely related to human beings structurally, physiologically, and, beyond doubt, behaviorally, than are any other living animals.

Download or read book Handbook of Learning and Cognitive Processes Volume 3 written by William Estes and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-06-20 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1976, Volume 3 of this Handbook deals primarily with conditions of acquisition, retention and forgetting, and the manner in which acquired information and motivation combine to determine performance. The organization of this volume can be understood in terms of four principal categories. The first category deals with general problems of methodology, the second and third with basic concepts arising from research on human learning and performance and the fourth with applications. Volume 1 presented an overview of the field and introduced principal theoretical and methodological issues that persistently recurred in the expanded treatment of specific research areas which comprise the later volumes. The areas traditionally associated with conditioning, learning theory and the basic psychology of human learning are treated in Volumes 2 and 3. The last three volumes will range over active lines of research having to do with human cognitive processes, at the time: Volume 4, attention, memory storage and retrieval; Volumes 5 and 6, information processing, reading, semantic memory, and problem solving.

Download or read book A Cognitive Theory of Learning written by Marvin Levine and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-11-01 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1975, A Cognitive Theory of Learning provides a history of hypothesis theory (H theory), along with the author’s research from the previous decade. The first part introduces the reader to contributions of some major learning theorists. It traces the history of H theory, reviewing the confrontation with conditioning theory, with the stress on the emergence of H theory which came to predominate. The second part describes the author’s work, presented as it emerged over time. It shows how the outcome of one experiment typically led to the next theoretical development or experiment. Originally part of The Experimental Psychology Series this reissue can now be read and enjoyed again in its historical context.

Download or read book Handbook of Learning and Cognitive Processes Volume 3 written by William K. Estes and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-06-20 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1976, Volume 3 of this Handbook deals primarily with conditions of acquisition, retention and forgetting, and the manner in which acquired information and motivation combine to determine performance. The organization of this volume can be understood in terms of four principal categories. The first category deals with general problems of methodology, the second and third with basic concepts arising from research on human learning and performance and the fourth with applications. Volume 1 presented an overview of the field and introduced principal theoretical and methodological issues that persistently recurred in the expanded treatment of specific research areas which comprise the later volumes. The areas traditionally associated with conditioning, learning theory and the basic psychology of human learning are treated in Volumes 2 and 3. The last three volumes will range over active lines of research having to do with human cognitive processes, at the time: Volume 4, attention, memory storage and retrieval; Volumes 5 and 6, information processing, reading, semantic memory, and problem solving.

Download or read book Perception Cognition and Development written by T. J. Tighe and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2019-01-22 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is based on a conference held at Dartmouth College’s Minary Conference Center in Holdemess, New Hampshire, June 4 -7 , 1981. The conference brought together a number of investigators whose separate lines of inquiry bear in significant ways on the relationships among perception, cognition, and development. The purpose was to consider interactions among these basic processes not only as a critical facet of the research programs of the participants but also as a central conceptual problem for current theoretical psychology. First published in 1983. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Download or read book Psychology of Learning and Motivation written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1970-04-01 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Psychology of Learning and Motivation

Download or read book Advances in Child Development and Behavior written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1981-09-10 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Child Development and Behavior

Download or read book Handbook of Learning and Cognitive Processes written by W. Estes and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2022-07-30 with total page 2214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is it possible at present to identify a core cluster of theoretical ideas, concepts, and methods with which everyone working in the area of learning and cognition needs to be familiar? Would it be possible to make explicit the relationships that we feel do or must exist among the various subspecialties, ranging from conditioning through perceptual learning and memory to psycholinguistics, and to present these in a sufficiently organized way to help specialists and non-specialists alike in relating particular lines of research to the broader spectrum of activity? These questions were posed to a substantial number of investigators who were most active in developing the ideas and doing the research in the early 1970s. Originally published between 1975 and 1978, their response constitutes this 6-volume Handbook of Learning and Cognitive Processes. The volumes survey the research and theory on learning and cognitive processes that were rapidly developing at the time. The primary orientation was to concentrate on research and models aimed toward the development of general cognitive theory. They were up-to-date with regard to theoretical and technical developments, and sufficiently self-contained to be readable by anyone with a reasonable scientific background, regardless of their acquaintance with the technical jargon of particular specialties. Previously out of print, the Handbook is now available again, as a set or as individual volumes.

Download or read book Levels of Cognitive Development written by Tracy S. Kendler and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proposed levels theory presented in this book concerns some developmental changes in the capacity to selectively encode information and provide rational solutions to problems. These changes are measured by the behavior exhibited in simple discrimination-learning problems that allow both for information to be encoded either selectively or nonselectively and for solutions to be produced by associative learning or by hypothesis-testing. The simplicity of these problems permits comparisons between infrahuman and human performance and also between a wide range of ages among humans. Human adults presented with these problems typically encode the relevant information selectively and solve the problems in a rational mode. Infrahuman animals, however, typically process the information nonselectively and solve the problems in an automatic, associative mode. How human children encode the information and solve the problems depends on their age. The youngest children -- like the infrahuman animals -- mostly encode the information nonselectively and solve the problems in the associative mode. But between early childhood and young adulthood there is a gradual, long-term, quantifiable increase in the tendency to encode the information selectively and to solve the problem by testing plausible hypotheses. The theory explains in some detail the structure, function, development, and operation of the psychological system that produces both the ontogenetic and phylogenetic differences. This system is assumed to be differentiated into an information-processing system and an executive system analogous to the differentiation of the nervous system into afferent and efferent systems. Each of these systems is further differentiated into structural levels, with the higher level, in part, duplicating the function of the lower level, but in a more plastic, voluntary, and efficient manner. The differentiation of the information-processing and executive systems into different functional levels is presumed to have occurred sometime during the evolution of mankind with the higher level evolving later than the lower one as the central nervous system became increasing encephalized. As for human ontogeny, the higher levels are assumed to develop later and more slowly than their lower-level counterparts. In addition to accounting for a substantial body of empirical data, the theory resolves some recurrent controversies that have bedeviled psychology since its inception as a science. It accomplishes this by showing how information can be both nonselectively and selectively encoded, how automatic associative learning and rational problem-solving can operate in harmony, and how cognitive development can be both qualitative and quantitative.

Download or read book Behavior of Nonhuman Primates written by Allan M. Schrier and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Behavior of Nonhuman Primates: Modern Research Trends, Volume 4 provides information pertinent to research on behavior of nonhuman primates. This book presents a systematic investigation of memory processes in animals. Organized into four chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the implication of the obvious similarity of monkeys and humans in interproblem learning. This text then presents a series of investigations of the retention of object-discrimination learning by learning-set-experienced rhesus monkeys. Other chapters consider the capability of chimpanzees to handle at least rudimentary stages of certain higher mental functions. This book discusses as well the communicative behavior of animals, which is similar to the rest of animal behavior in that it is governed by general perceptual, motor, motivational, and associative laws. The final chapter deals with the main accomplishments of a program designed to teach language to a chimpanzee. This book is a valuable resource for students and research workers.

Download or read book Toward a Science of Consciousness II written by Stuart R. Hameroff and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text originates from the second of two conferences discussing the concept of consciousness. In 15 sections, this book demonstrates the broad range of fields now focusing on consciousness.

Download or read book What Might Have Been written by Neal J. Roese and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-01-14 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within a few short years, research on counterfactual thinking has mushroomed, establishing itself as one of the signature domains within social psychology. Counterfactuals are thoughts of what might have been, of possible past outcomes that could have taken place. Counterfactuals and their implications for perceptions of time and causality have long fascinated philosophers, but only recently have social psychologists made them the focus of empirical inquiry. Following the publication of Kahneman and Tversky's seminal 1982 paper, a burgeoning literature has implicated counterfactual thinking in such diverse judgments as causation, blame, prediction, and suspicion; in such emotional experiences as regret, elation, disappointment and sympathy; and also in achievement, coping, and intergroup bias. But how do such thoughts come about? What are the mechanisms underlying their operation? How do their consequences benefit, or harm, the individual? When is their generation spontaneous and when is it strategic? This volume explores these and other numerous issues by assembling contributions from the most active researchers in this rapidly expanding subfield of social psychology. Each chapter provides an in-depth exploration of a particular conceptual facet of counterfactual thinking, reviewing previous work, describing ongoing, cutting-edge research, and offering novel theoretical analysis and synthesis. As the first edited volume to bring together the many threads of research and theory on counterfactual thinking, this book promises to be a source of insight and inspiration for years to come.

Download or read book Learning Speech and the Complex Effects of Punishment written by Donald K. Routh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DONALD K. ROUTH WHAT THIS BOOK IS ABOUT A reader who happens onto this book on the library shelf may find the title a puzzle. Learning is one broad subject. Speech is another. And the "complex effects of punishment" might seem far afield from either. Perhaps, intrigued by this apparent diversity and wanting to discover what common theme underlies it, the reader may begin leafing through the chapters. The first one recounts a series of studies of rats-using learning techniques from the psychology laboratory, to be sure, but applied to the study of behavior genetics, sex differences, and aging. The second chapter has to do with young children's discrimination learning. Then, there is a chapter on learning sets. Next, there is a chapter on stuttering. Then the topic shifts back to the study of learning in rats. Then, there is a clinical chapter on punishment effects. Finally, there is a historically oriented essay on Iowa psychology graduates. Surely, by now the puzzled reader wants an explana tion of why such diversity belongs between the covers of a single book.

Download or read book Within problem Generalization in Discrimination Learning Set written by Mark Paul Heironimus and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Memory from A to Z written by Yadin Dudai and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an innovative and engaging companion to the language of memory research. It consists of over 130 entries, bound within a coherent conceptual framework. Each entry starts with a definition, or a set of definitions, followed by an in-depth and provocative discussion of the origin, meaning, usage and aplicability of ideas and problems central to the neuroscience of memory and scientific culture at large. The entries, linked by webs of associations, can be read and enjoyed, and provide a versatile tool kit: a source for definitions, information and further reading; a trigger for contemplation, discussion and experimentation; and an aid to study, teaching and debate in classes and seminars. The text is supported by an extensive reference listing, and there is a comprehensive subject index, incorporating a much wider range of terms relevant to the field.

Download or read book Rule Governed Behavior written by Steven C. Hayes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Animal learning and human learning traditions have been distinguishable within psychology since the start of the discipline and are to this day. The human learning wing was interested in the development of psychological functions in human organisms and proceeded directly to their examination. The animal learning wing was not distinguished by a corresponding interest in animal behavior per se. Rather, the animal learners studied animal behavior in order to identify principles of behavior of relevance to humans as well as other organisms. The two traditions, in other words, did not differ so much on goals as on strategies. It is not by accident that so many techniques of modem applied psychol ogy have emerged from the animal laboratory. That was one of the ultimate purposes of this work from the very beginning. The envisioned extension to humans was not just technological, however. Many animal researchers, B. F. Skinner most prominently among them, recognized that direct basic research with humans might ultimately be needed in certain areas but that it was wise first to build a strong foundation in the controlled environment of the animal laboratory. In a sense, animal learning was always in part a human research program in development.

Download or read book Ontogeny written by P. P. G. Bateson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-28 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is devoted principally to the theme of behavioral develop ment. The study of ontogeny has attracted some of the most bitter and protracted controversies in the whole field of ethology and psychology. This is partly because the arguments have reflected more general and continuing ideological battles about nature and nurture. In the opening essay, Oppenheim shows how these debates have recurred in much the same form over the last century. His chapter also brings out a more worrying feature of such argument. He demonstrates that authors who are well known for their strongly held partisan views have written in much more balanced ways than is usually admitted. Although the ex cluded middle is familiar enough in academic argument, the dynamic tensions actually present in developing systems may be particularly prone to polarize debate about what is actually happening. This point is elegantly explored by Oyama in her essay on her concept of maturation.