Download or read book A Microcosm Approach to the Effects of Fish Predation on Aquatic Community Structure and Function written by David Alan Crouthamel and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of size selective predation on community structure in laboratory aquatic microcosms written by William Edward Neill and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 1296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 942 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Small Fish Predation on Microcosm Community Bioassays written by MC. Harrass and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fish predation has been recognized to influence community composition and structure, but has not been represented in experimental community tests of chemical effects. To investigate the feasibility of including vertebrate predation in 65-L microcosms, four species of small fish (Gasterosteus aculeatus, Cottus asper, Poecilia reticulata, and Pimephales promelas) were tested. These studies suggest that predation can be included in moderately sized microcosms only if exposure is restricted either by limiting the time of fish presence or by allowing the fish access to a limited portion of the microcosm. Predation was simulated by filtration of fixed proportions of the microcosms; no major changes were observed, which suggests that microcosm communities can tolerate removal of at least 25% of selected zooplankton populations per week. Fish predation did not alter the ability to detect direct effects of a selective algicide (streptomycin) on the algae, but did reduce the ability to detect indirect effects on cladoceran and ostracod populations.
Download or read book National Union Catalog written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 1032 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes entries for maps and atlases.
Download or read book Effects of Fish Predation on Macroinvertebrate Community Structure written by James Willis Wright and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Biomass Spectrum written by S. R. Kerr and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kerr and Dickie propose the development of a new ecological theory, one that can lead to a more effective remedy for the drastic effects of heavy fishing on natural communities of organisms in both marine and freshwater environments. By plotting the densities of the biomass of all organisms in a given community by body-size classes, the authors provide empirical evidence of what they term "the biomass body-size spectrum" in the world's oceans. After examining this evidence, they propose an underlying theory of predator-prey energy transfer: larger species eat smaller species, providing energy exchange across all species within an ecosystem. Providing the first comprehensive synthesis of the energy flow within the biomass spectrum, this book demonstrates not only a new understanding of the self-organizing properties of ecological production systems but also the potential of the biomass spectrum methodology for offering practical remedies when these natural systems are exploited by humans.
Download or read book Aquatic Food Webs written by Andrea Belgrano and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2005 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Aquatic Food Webs' provides a current synthesis of theoretical and empirical food web research. The textbook is suitable for graduate level students as well as professional researchers in community, ecosystem, and theoretical ecology, in aquatic ecology, and in conservation biology.
Download or read book Effects of Small Fish Predation on Microcosm Community Responses to Selective Chemical Stress written by Michael Clark Harrass and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Toxicology of Fishes written by Richard T. Di Giulio and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-02-25 with total page 1102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When looking for a book on fish toxicology, you might find one that discusses the biochemical and molecular aspects, or one that focuses aquatic toxicology in general. You can find resources that cover human and animal toxicology or ecotoxicology in general, but no up-to-date, comprehensive monograph devoted to the effects of chemical pollution on
Download or read book Comprehensive Dissertation Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 792 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cumulative Impacts of Multiple Stressors on Aquatic Communities written by Megan M. MacLennan and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Novel anthropogenic perturbations (i.e. stressors) often mediate the effects of each other, generating "ecological surprises". While the cumulative impact of certain stressors on individual organisms and populations is becoming better understood, little is known about how their net effects transfer to higher levels of biological organization. To address this knowledge gap, I investigated the influence of species co-tolerance (i.e. the correlation between species tolerances to two stressors) and meta-community dynamics on the net effects of two common stressors of planktonic food webs in naturally fishless lakes, namely introduced trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Salvelinus fontinalis and Oncorhynchus clarkii) and higher temperatures. To help formulate my hypotheses, I analyzed trends in observational data using 1) a survey of naturally fishless and stocked lakes positioned along an elevational (and thus climatic) gradient and, 2) monitoring records of an alpine lake when stocked trout were absent and present across a 24-year period of climatic variation. My main hypotheses were that 1) non-native trout synergistically increases the effect of higher temperatures on planktonic communities of montane lakes, 2) positively correlated species tolerances to non-native trout and warming, driven by selection for the same trait by both stressors (i.e. smaller body-size), can help explain the influence of exposure sequence on their cumulative effects on species composition and functional structure, and 3) regional zooplankton imported from a diverse array of lakes can functionally compensate for local alpine species suppressed by non-native trout and warming. I experimentally tested these hypotheses using controlled manipulations of fish and temperature on planktonic food webs from naturally fishless mountain lakes. Empirical evidence from the spatial survey and outdoor mesocosm experiment following a two-factor, fully crossed design [(fish absent vs. present) × (ambient temperature vs. warmed)] with randomized blocking supported my first hypothesis by showing that the positive effect of higher temperatures on community biomass occurred only in the presence of non-native trout. The synergistic interaction between the stressors likely occurred because warming stimulated reproduction of smaller herbivores that were released from competition and predation in fishstocked communities. Further, introduced trout stimulated primary production, likely by suppressing large efficient herbivores (Daphnia spp.), but also potentially by increasing nutrient recycling. As hypothesized, both non-native trout and warming selected for small body-size and planktonic communities of naturally fishless montane lakes showed positive co-tolerance to the stressors. Using a novel approach integrating species traits and co-tolerances and a one-factor experiment consisting of three stressor treatments (Unstressed, Warming then fish, and Fish then warming) with randomized blocking, I discovered that positive co-tolerance to trout and warming helped explain their net effect on the functional structure of communities. Together, the stressors extirpated larger species occupying higher trophic levels, which lacked tolerance to either stressor, while stimulating smaller co-tolerant species, regardless of exposure sequence. In the temporal survey and growth-chamber experiment following a three-factor, fullycrossed design [(size-selective predation absent vs. present) × (ambient temperature vs. warmed) × (local vs. local + regional species pools)] with randomized blocking, predation by non-native trout and higher temperatures each decreased community biomass in naturally fishless alpine lakes by suppressing large zooplankton. The experiment also revealed that declines of alpine species increased the establishment of regional zooplankton, including a diversity of montane species under warmed conditions. Yet, contrary to my hypothesis, the introduction of regional species did not alleviate the negative effect of fish predation and warming on alpine communities, suggesting that upward dispersal of montane species is unlikely to provide functional compensation to stressed alpine communities. My finding that non-native trout and warming had opposite effects on lower montane versus alpine lake communities highlights the challenging context dependency of their cumulative ecological impacts. Nevertheless, my integration of species co-tolerances with related key traits provides a promising tool to help predict the net effects of these and other stressors across ecological communities and habitats. A better understanding of the relationship between species tolerances to co-occurring stressors may also help prioritize management actions. For example, my discovery that non-native trout and higher temperatures similarly affect zooplankton communities suggests that fish removals may be best targeted in lakes that will experience less warming, such as those containing natural climate refugia (e.g. stable coldwater hypolimnia). Otherwise, climate warming may prevent planktonic food webs from recovering following the removal of introduced sportfish.
Download or read book Concepts in Marine Pollution Measurements written by Harris H. White and published by University of Maryland Sea Grant Publications. This book was released on 1984 with total page 786 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains peer-reviewed papers that discuss the attributes of pollution measurements which contribute to their credibility, and attributes which detract. Authors were asked not to dwell on the details of methodology, but rather to comment on the strong as well as the debilitating features of whole categories of techniques. The papers are organized into chapters which move from controlled, laboratory assessment strategies to field strategies.
Download or read book Current References in Fish Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 820 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biodiversity in Aquatic Systems and Environments written by Noboru Okuda and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-09 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the latest topics in ecological and evolutionary research on aquatic biodiversity from bacteria to fishes, with special reference to Lake Biwa, an ancient lake in western Japan. With a geological history of 4 million years, Lake Biwa is the third oldest lake in the world. It is considered a biodiversity hotspot, where 1,769 aquatic species including 61 endemics are recorded, providing a rare opportunity to study the evolutionary diversification of aquatic biota and its ecological consequences. The first chapter introduces the evolutionary history of biodiversity, especially of fish in this lake. In the second chapter, some examples of trophic polymorphism in fish are described. Fish are keystone predators in lake ecosystems, and they can be a major driver for altering biological communities through their top-down trophic cascading effects. An excellent laboratory experiment is presented, demonstrating that functional diversity of fish feeding morphology alters food web properties of plankton prey communities. The third chapter focuses on aquatic microbes, whose abundance and diversity may also be influenced by the diversity of fish through top-down trophic cascades. Aquatic microbes can have a strong impact on ecosystem functioning in lakes, and in this chapter, the latest molecular techniques used to examine genetic and functional diversity of microbial communities are introduced. The final chapter presents theoretical frameworks for predicting how biodiversity has the potential to control the incidence and intensity of human-induced regime shifts. While respecting the precious nature of biodiversity in lakes, it is essential to be aware that modern human activities have brought a crisis of biodiversity loss in lakes worldwide. Throughout this book, readers will learn why biodiversity must be conserved at all levels, from genes to ecosystems.
