Download or read book Particle Detectors written by Hermann Kolanoski and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-30 with total page 949 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the fundamentals of particle detectors as well as their applications. Detector development is an important part of nuclear, particle and astroparticle physics, and through its applications in radiation imaging, it paves the way for advancements in the biomedical and materials sciences. Knowledge in detector physics is one of the required skills of an experimental physicist in these fields. The breadth of knowledge required for detector development comprises many areas of physics and technology, starting from interactions of particles with matter, gas- and solid-state physics, over charge transport and signal development, to elements of microelectronics. The book's aim is to describe the fundamentals of detectors and their different variants and implementations as clearly as possible and as deeply as needed for a thorough understanding. While this comprehensive opus contains all the materials taught in experimental particle physics lectures or modules addressing detector physics at the Master's level, it also goes well beyond these basic requirements. This is an essential text for students who want to deepen their knowledge in this field. It is also a highly useful guide for lecturers and scientists looking for a starting point for detector development work.
Download or read book Neutrino Mass written by Guido Altarelli and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-02-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews the current state of knowledge of neutrino masses and the related question of neutrino oscillations. After an overview of the theory of neutrino masses and mixings, detailed accounts are given of the laboratory limits on neutrino masses, astrophysical and cosmological constraints on those masses, experimental results on neutrino oscillations, the theoretical interpretation of those results, and theoretical models of neutrino masses and mixings. The book concludes with an examination of the potential of long-baseline experiments. This is an essential reference text for workers in elementary-particle physics, nuclear physics, and astrophysics.
Download or read book First Measurement of Neutrino and Antineutrino Oscillation at T2K written by Kirsty Elizabeth Duffy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-13 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis reports the measurement of muon neutrino and antineutrino disappearance and electron neutrino and antineutrino appearance in a muon neutrino and antineutrino beam using the T2K experiment. It describes a result in neutrino physics that is a pioneering indication of charge-parity (CP) violation in neutrino oscillation; the first to be obtained from a single experiment. Neutrinos are some of the most abundant—but elusive—particles in the universe, and may provide a promising place to look for a potential solution to the puzzle of matter/antimatter imbalance in the observable universe. It has been firmly established that neutrinos can change flavour (or ‘oscillate’), as recognised by the 2015 Nobel Prize. The theory of neutrino oscillation allows for neutrinos and antineutrinos to oscillate differently (CP violation), and may provide insights into why our universe is matter-dominated. Bayesian statistical methods, including the Markov Chain Monte Carlo fitting technique, are used to simultaneously optimise several hundred systematic parameters describing detector, beam, and neutrino interaction uncertainties as well as the six oscillation parameters.
Download or read book Measurements of Neutrino Mass written by Fernando Ferroni and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This volume offers a valuable insight into various aspects of the ongoing work directed at measuring neutrino mass. It took twenty years to refute the assertions of Bethe and Peierls that neutrinos were not observable, but it has since been realised that much can be learnt from these particles. The moral is, as Fiorini argues here, that the study of neutrinos was and remains demanding but rewarding. Subjects addressed in this volume include: clarifying the meaning of the Klapdor-Kleingrothaus results, probing the Majorana nature of neutrinos, observing lepton number violating effects for the first time, studying the end point of the spectrum in the search for neutrino masses and speculating whether it is possible to measure neutrino masses in cosmology. Lectures are enriched with rich historical overviews and valuable introductory material. Attention is also given to theoretical topics such as the evolution of the concept of mass in particle physics, a status report on neutrino oscillations and current discussion on neutrino masses. The reader is further reminded that neutrino masses may also have some bearing on the very origin of the matter among us, and have many deep links with other important lines of current physics research." --Book Jacket.
Download or read book Plastic Scintillators written by Matthieu Hamel and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-10 with total page 647 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the physics and chemistry of plastic scintillators (fluorescent polymers) that are able to emit light when exposed to ionizing radiation, discussing their chemical modification in the early 1950s and 1960s, as well as the renewed upsurge in interest in the 21st century. The book presents contributions from various researchers on broad aspects of plastic scintillators, from physics, chemistry, materials science and applications, covering topics such as the chemical nature of the polymer and/or the fluorophores, modification of the photophysical properties (decay time, emission wavelength) and loading of additives to make the material more sensitive to, e.g., fast neutrons, thermal neutrons or gamma rays. It also describes the benefits of recent technological advances for plastic scintillators, such as nanomaterials and quantum dots, which allow features that were previously not achievable with regular organic molecules or organometallics.
Download or read book Predicting the T2K Neutrino Flux and Measuring Oscillation Parameters written by Tomislav Vladisavljevic and published by Springer. This book was released on 2020-12-23 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis reports the calculation of neutrino production for the T2K experiment; the most precise a priori estimate of neutrino production that has been achieved for any accelerator-based neutrino oscillation experiment to date. The production of intense neutrino beams at accelerator facilities requires exceptional understanding of chains of particle interactions initiated within extended targets. In this thesis, the calculation of neutrino production for T2K has been improved by using measurements of particle production from a T2K replica target, taken by the NA61/SHINE experiment. This enabled the reduction of the neutrino production uncertainty to the level of 5%, which will have a significant impact on neutrino oscillation and interaction measurements by T2K in the coming years. In addition to presenting the revised flux calculation methodology in an accessible format, this thesis also reports a joint T2K measurement of muon neutrino and antineutrino disappearance, and the accompanying electron neutrino and antineutrino appearance, with the updated beam constraint.
Download or read book Experimental Techniques in High energy Nuclear and Particle Physics written by Thomas Ferbel and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1991 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experimental Techniques in High-Energy Nuclear and Particle Physics is a compilation of outstanding technical papers and reviews of the ingenious methods developed for experimentation in modern nuclear and particle physics. This book, a second edition, provides a balanced view of the major tools and technical concepts currently in use, and elucidates the basic principles that underly the detection devices. Several of the articles in this volume have never been published, or have appeared in relatively inaccessible journals. Although the emphasis is on charged-particle tracking and calorimetry, general reviews of ionization detectors and Monte Carlo techniques are also included.This book serves as a compact source of reference for graduate students and experimenters in the fields of nuclear and particle physics, seeking information on some of the major ideas and techniques developed for modern experiments in these fields.
Download or read book Massive Neutrinos written by Orrin Fackler and published by Atlantica Séguier Frontières. This book was released on 1991 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book High Temperature Superconductors written by U. Balachandran and published by Minerals, Metals, & Materials Society. This book was released on 1996 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 39 peer-reviewed papers in this book provide a state-of-the-art update of exciting work currently being carried on in the area of high-temperature superconductors. Topics of discussion include processing for high critical current densities, flux-pinning mechanisms, processing for the development of flux-pinning centers, chemistry, phase relations, stoichiometry, processing/microstructure relationships, and prototype devices for practical applications.
Download or read book Handbook of Particle Detection and Imaging written by Claus Grupen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-08 with total page 1251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The handbook centers on detection techniques in the field of particle physics, medical imaging and related subjects. It is structured into three parts. The first one is dealing with basic ideas of particle detectors, followed by applications of these devices in high energy physics and other fields. In the last part the large field of medical imaging using similar detection techniques is described. The different chapters of the book are written by world experts in their field. Clear instructions on the detection techniques and principles in terms of relevant operation parameters for scientists and graduate students are given.Detailed tables and diagrams will make this a very useful handbook for the application of these techniques in many different fields like physics, medicine, biology and other areas of natural science.
Download or read book Introduction to Particle and Astroparticle Physics written by Alessandro De Angelis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-19 with total page 755 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology. Starting from an experimental perspective, it provides a unified view of these fields that reflects the very rapid advances being made. This new edition has a number of improvements and has been updated to describe the recent discovery of gravitational waves and astrophysical neutrinos, which started the new era of multimessenger astrophysics; it also includes new results on the Higgs particle. Astroparticle and particle physics share a common problem: we still don’t have a description of the main ingredients of the Universe from the point of view of its energy budget. Addressing these fascinating issues, and offering a balanced introduction to particle and astroparticle physics that requires only a basic understanding of quantum and classical physics, this book is a valuable resource, particularly for advanced undergraduate students and for those embarking on graduate courses. It includes exercises that offer readers practical insights. It can be used equally well as a self-study book, a reference and a textbook.
Download or read book Introduction to Elementary Particles written by David Griffiths and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-12-18 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Die Elementarteilchenphysik ist auf der ganzen Welt ein fester Bestandteil im Curriculum des Physikstudiums. Umso wichtiger ist es daher, dass auf diesem Gebiet bereits in den ersten Semestern ein solides Wissensfundament gelegt wird - nicht zuletzt als Vorbereitung auf die Themenbereiche Hochenergie- oder Kernphysik. In diesen Band ist die gesamte Lehrerfahrung von David Griffiths eingeflossen - eine begehrte "Ware", die in der Neuauflage nun auch ein Lösungsmanual präsentiert, das die zahlreichen Aufgaben und Fragen der Kapitelenden aufnimmt. Der Autor versteht es, sich den Themen in einer lebendigen Sprache zu nähern, die jedoch im Hinblick auf Präzision keine Kompromisse eingeht. So eröffnet der Band den Zugang zu den Theorien ebenso wie zu Modellen und Rechenoperationen. Das Werk wird von vielen Lehrenden empfohlen und kann bereits jetzt als Klassiker innerhalb der einführenden Werke zur Elementarteilchenphysik bezeichnet werden.
Download or read book The CERN Neutrino Beam to Gran Sasso NGS written by K. Elsener and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book New Perspectives On Einstein s E Mc2 written by Young Suh Kim and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2018-09-18 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Einstein's energy-momentum relation is applicable to particles of all speeds, including the particle at rest and the massless particle moving with the speed of light. If one formula or formalism is applicable to all speeds, we say it is 'Lorentz-covariant.' As for the internal space-time symmetries, there does not appear to be a clear way to approach this problem. For a particle at rest, there are three spin degrees of freedom. For a massless particle, there are helicity and gauge degrees of freedom. The aim of this book is to present one Lorentz-covariant picture of these two different space-time symmetries. Using the same mathematical tool, it is possible to give a Lorentz-covariant picture of Gell-Mann's quark model for the proton at rest and Feynman's parton model for the fast-moving proton. The mathematical formalism for these aspects of the Lorentz covariance is based on two-by-two matrices and harmonic oscillators which serve as two basic scientific languages for many different branches of physics. It is pointed out that the formalism presented in this book is applicable to various aspects of optical sciences of current interest.
Download or read book Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Uncertainty Quantification and Stochastic Modelling written by José Eduardo Souza De Cursi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-19 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings book discusses state-of-the-art research on uncertainty quantification in mechanical engineering, including statistical data concerning the entries and parameters of a system to produce statistical data on the outputs of the system. It is based on papers presented at Uncertainties 2020, a workshop organized on behalf of the Scientific Committee on Uncertainty in Mechanics (Mécanique et Incertain) of the AFM (French Society of Mechanical Sciences), the Scientific Committee on Stochastic Modeling and Uncertainty Quantification of the ABCM (Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences) and the SBMAC (Brazilian Society of Applied Mathematics).
Download or read book The Random and Fluctuating World written by Laszlo B. Kish and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2022-03 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is now almost 20 years since the journal Fluctuation and Noise Letters (FNL) was first published hence this book is to commemorate this important milestone. This book consists of 55 reprinted articles from the first 20 years of FNL, together with a short Introduction explaining their context and significance. In selecting the papers, the Editors had taken into account not only citation counts, but guided also by the perceived interest and scientific importance of the work. All selected articles are arranged across eight themes.
Download or read book Searches for Dijet Resonances written by Lydia Audrey Beresford and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses one of the most intriguing mysteries of our universe: the nature of dark matter. The results presented here mark a significant and substantial contribution to the search for new physics, in particular for new particles that couple to dark matter. The first analysis presented is a search for heavy new particles that decay into pairs of hadronic jets (dijets). This pioneering analysis explores unprecedented dijet invariant masses, reaching nearly 7 TeV, and sets constraints on several important new physics models. The two subsequent analyses focus on the difficult low dijet mass region, down to 200 GeV, and employ a novel technique to efficiently gather low-mass dijet events. The results of these analyses transcend the long-standing constraints on dark matter mediator particles set by several existing experiments.
