Download or read book Machine Learning and Its Application written by Indranath Chatterjee and published by . This book was released on 2021-12-22 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Machine Learning and Its Application: A Quick Guide for Beginners aims to cover most of the core topics required for study in machine learning curricula included in university and college courses. The textbook introduces readers to central concepts in machine learning and artificial intelligence, which include the types of machine learning algorithms and the statistical knowledge required for devising relevant computer algorithms. The book also covers advanced topics such as deep learning and feature engineering. Key features: - 8 organized chapters on core concepts of machine learning for learners - Accessible text for beginners unfamiliar with complex mathematical concepts - Introductory topics are included, including supervised learning, unsupervised learning, reinforcement learning and predictive statistics - Advanced topics such as deep learning and feature engineering provide additional information - Introduces readers to python programming with examples of code for understanding and practice - Includes a summary of the text and a dedicated section for references Machine Learning and Its Application: A Quick Guide for Beginners is an essential book for students and learners who want to understand the basics of machine learning and equip themselves with the knowledge to write algorithms for intelligent data processing applications.

Download or read book Deep Learning Illustrated written by Jon Krohn and published by Addison-Wesley Professional. This book was released on 2019-08-05 with total page 725 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The authors’ clear visual style provides a comprehensive look at what’s currently possible with artificial neural networks as well as a glimpse of the magic that’s to come." – Tim Urban, author of Wait But Why Fully Practical, Insightful Guide to Modern Deep Learning Deep learning is transforming software, facilitating powerful new artificial intelligence capabilities, and driving unprecedented algorithm performance. Deep Learning Illustrated is uniquely intuitive and offers a complete introduction to the discipline’s techniques. Packed with full-color figures and easy-to-follow code, it sweeps away the complexity of building deep learning models, making the subject approachable and fun to learn. World-class instructor and practitioner Jon Krohn–with visionary content from Grant Beyleveld and beautiful illustrations by Aglaé Bassens–presents straightforward analogies to explain what deep learning is, why it has become so popular, and how it relates to other machine learning approaches. Krohn has created a practical reference and tutorial for developers, data scientists, researchers, analysts, and students who want to start applying it. He illuminates theory with hands-on Python code in accompanying Jupyter notebooks. To help you progress quickly, he focuses on the versatile deep learning library Keras to nimbly construct efficient TensorFlow models; PyTorch, the leading alternative library, is also covered. You’ll gain a pragmatic understanding of all major deep learning approaches and their uses in applications ranging from machine vision and natural language processing to image generation and game-playing algorithms. Discover what makes deep learning systems unique, and the implications for practitioners Explore new tools that make deep learning models easier to build, use, and improve Master essential theory: artificial neurons, training, optimization, convolutional nets, recurrent nets, generative adversarial networks (GANs), deep reinforcement learning, and more Walk through building interactive deep learning applications, and move forward with your own artificial intelligence projects Register your book for convenient access to downloads, updates, and/or corrections as they become available. See inside book for details.

Download or read book A Guide to Machine Learning Deep Learning and Their Applications written by Siddharth Sharma (Writer on machine learning) and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Deep Learning Essentials written by Anurag Bhardwaj and published by Packt Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2018-01-30 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Get to grips with the essentials of deep learning by leveraging the power of Python Key Features Your one-stop solution to get started with the essentials of deep learning and neural network modeling Train different kinds of neural networks to tackle various problems in Natural Language Processing, computer vision, speech recognition, and more Covers popular Python libraries such as Tensorflow, Keras, and more, along with tips on training, deploying and optimizing your deep learning models in the best possible manner Book Description Deep Learning a trending topic in the field of Artificial Intelligence today and can be considered to be an advanced form of machine learning, which is quite tricky to master. This book will help you take your first steps in training efficient deep learning models and applying them in various practical scenarios. You will model, train, and deploy different kinds of neural networks such as Convolutional Neural Network, Recurrent Neural Network, and will see some of their applications in real-world domains including computer vision, natural language processing, speech recognition, and so on. You will build practical projects such as chatbots, implement reinforcement learning to build smart games, and develop expert systems for image captioning and processing. Popular Python library such as TensorFlow is used in this book to build the models. This book also covers solutions for different problems you might come across while training models, such as noisy datasets, small datasets, and more. This book does not assume any prior knowledge of deep learning. By the end of this book, you will have a firm understanding of the basics of deep learning and neural network modeling, along with their practical applications. What you will learn Get to grips with the core concepts of deep learning and neural networks Set up deep learning library such as TensorFlow Fine-tune your deep learning models for NLP and Computer Vision applications Unify different information sources, such as images, text, and speech through deep learning Optimize and fine-tune your deep learning models for better performance Train a deep reinforcement learning model that plays a game better than humans Learn how to make your models get the best out of your GPU or CPU Who this book is for Aspiring data scientists and machine learning experts who have limited or no exposure to deep learning will find this book to be very useful. If you are looking for a resource that gets you up and running with the fundamentals of deep learning and neural networks, this book is for you. As the models in the book are trained using the popular Python-based libraries such as Tensorflow and Keras, it would be useful to have sound programming knowledge of Python.

Download or read book Python Machine Learning written by Railey Brandon and published by Roland Bind. This book was released on 2019-04-25 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ★☆Have you come across the terms machine learning and neural networks in most articles you have recently read? Do you also want to learn how to build a machine learning model that will answer your questions within a blink of your eyes?☆★ If you responded yes to any of the above questions, you have come to the right place. Machine learning is an incredibly dense topic. It's hard to imagine condensing it into an easily readable and digestible format. However, this book aims to do exactly that. Machine learning and artificial intelligence have been used in different machines and applications to improve the user's experience. One can also use machine learning to make data analysis and predicting the output for some data sets easy. All you need to do is choose the right algorithm, train the model and test the model before you apply it on any real-world tool. It is that simple isn't it? ★★Apart from this, you will also learn more about★★ ♦ The Different Types Of Learning Algorithm That You Can Expect To Encounter ♦ The Numerous Applications Of Machine Learning And Deep Learning ♦ The Best Practices For Picking Up Neural Networks ♦ What Are The Best Languages And Libraries To Work With ♦ The Various Problems That You Can Solve With Machine Learning Algorithms ♦ And much more... Well, you can do it faster if you use Python. This language has made it easy for any user, even an amateur, to build a strong machine learning model since it has numerous directories and libraries that make it easy for one to build a model. Do you want to know how to build a machine learning model and a neural network? So, what are you waiting for? Grab a copy of this book now!

Download or read book Deep Learning written by Ian Goodfellow and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2016-11-10 with total page 801 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to a broad range of topics in deep learning, covering mathematical and conceptual background, deep learning techniques used in industry, and research perspectives. “Written by three experts in the field, Deep Learning is the only comprehensive book on the subject.” —Elon Musk, cochair of OpenAI; cofounder and CEO of Tesla and SpaceX Deep learning is a form of machine learning that enables computers to learn from experience and understand the world in terms of a hierarchy of concepts. Because the computer gathers knowledge from experience, there is no need for a human computer operator to formally specify all the knowledge that the computer needs. The hierarchy of concepts allows the computer to learn complicated concepts by building them out of simpler ones; a graph of these hierarchies would be many layers deep. This book introduces a broad range of topics in deep learning. The text offers mathematical and conceptual background, covering relevant concepts in linear algebra, probability theory and information theory, numerical computation, and machine learning. It describes deep learning techniques used by practitioners in industry, including deep feedforward networks, regularization, optimization algorithms, convolutional networks, sequence modeling, and practical methodology; and it surveys such applications as natural language processing, speech recognition, computer vision, online recommendation systems, bioinformatics, and videogames. Finally, the book offers research perspectives, covering such theoretical topics as linear factor models, autoencoders, representation learning, structured probabilistic models, Monte Carlo methods, the partition function, approximate inference, and deep generative models. Deep Learning can be used by undergraduate or graduate students planning careers in either industry or research, and by software engineers who want to begin using deep learning in their products or platforms. A website offers supplementary material for both readers and instructors.

Download or read book Machine Learning and Its Application A Quick Guide for Beginners written by Indranath Chatterjee and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2021-12-22 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Machine Learning and Its Application: A Quick Guide for Beginners aims to cover most of the core topics required for study in machine learning curricula included in university and college courses. The textbook introduces readers to central concepts in machine learning and artificial intelligence, which include the types of machine learning algorithms and the statistical knowledge required for devising relevant computer algorithms. The book also covers advanced topics such as deep learning and feature engineering. Key features: - 8 organized chapters on core concepts of machine learning for learners - Accessible text for beginners unfamiliar with complex mathematical concepts - Introductory topics are included, including supervised learning, unsupervised learning, reinforcement learning and predictive statistics - Advanced topics such as deep learning and feature engineering provide additional information - Introduces readers to python programming with examples of code for understanding and practice - Includes a summary of the text and a dedicated section for references Machine Learning and Its Application: A Quick Guide for Beginners is an essential book for students and learners who want to understand the basics of machine learning and equip themselves with the knowledge to write algorithms for intelligent data processing applications.

Download or read book Deep Learning Practical Neural Networks with Java written by Yusuke Sugomori and published by Packt Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2017-06-08 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Build and run intelligent applications by leveraging key Java machine learning libraries About This Book Develop a sound strategy to solve predictive modelling problems using the most popular machine learning Java libraries. Explore a broad variety of data processing, machine learning, and natural language processing through diagrams, source code, and real-world applications This step-by-step guide will help you solve real-world problems and links neural network theory to their application Who This Book Is For This course is intended for data scientists and Java developers who want to dive into the exciting world of deep learning. It will get you up and running quickly and provide you with the skills you need to successfully create, customize, and deploy machine learning applications in real life. What You Will Learn Get a practical deep dive into machine learning and deep learning algorithms Explore neural networks using some of the most popular Deep Learning frameworks Dive into Deep Belief Nets and Stacked Denoising Autoencoders algorithms Apply machine learning to fraud, anomaly, and outlier detection Experiment with deep learning concepts, algorithms, and the toolbox for deep learning Select and split data sets into training, test, and validation, and explore validation strategies Apply the code generated in practical examples, including weather forecasting and pattern recognition In Detail Machine learning applications are everywhere, from self-driving cars, spam detection, document search, and trading strategies, to speech recognitionStarting with an introduction to basic machine learning algorithms, this course takes you further into this vital world of stunning predictive insights and remarkable machine intelligence. This course helps you solve challenging problems in image processing, speech recognition, language modeling. You will discover how to detect anomalies and fraud, and ways to perform activity recognition, image recognition, and text. You will also work with examples such as weather forecasting, disease diagnosis, customer profiling, generalization, extreme machine learning and more. By the end of this course, you will have all the knowledge you need to perform deep learning on your system with varying complexity levels, to apply them to your daily work. The course provides you with highly practical content explaining deep learning with Java, from the following Packt books: Java Deep Learning Essentials Machine Learning in Java Neural Network Programming with Java, Second Edition Style and approach This course aims to create a smooth learning path that will teach you how to effectively use deep learning with Java with other de facto components to get the most out of it. Through this comprehensive course, you'll learn the basics of predictive modelling and progress to solve real-world problems and links neural network theory to their application

Download or read book Deep Learning By Example written by Ahmed Menshawy and published by Packt Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2018-02-28 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grasp the fundamental concepts of deep learning using Tensorflow in a hands-on manner Key Features Get a first-hand experience of the deep learning concepts and techniques with this easy-to-follow guide Train different types of neural networks using Tensorflow for real-world problems in language processing, computer vision, transfer learning, and more Designed for those who believe in the concept of 'learn by doing', this book is a perfect blend of theory and code examples Book Description Deep learning is a popular subset of machine learning, and it allows you to build complex models that are faster and give more accurate predictions. This book is your companion to take your first steps into the world of deep learning, with hands-on examples to boost your understanding of the topic. This book starts with a quick overview of the essential concepts of data science and machine learning which are required to get started with deep learning. It introduces you to Tensorflow, the most widely used machine learning library for training deep learning models. You will then work on your first deep learning problem by training a deep feed-forward neural network for digit classification, and move on to tackle other real-world problems in computer vision, language processing, sentiment analysis, and more. Advanced deep learning models such as generative adversarial networks and their applications are also covered in this book. By the end of this book, you will have a solid understanding of all the essential concepts in deep learning. With the help of the examples and code provided in this book, you will be equipped to train your own deep learning models with more confidence. What you will learn Understand the fundamentals of deep learning and how it is different from machine learning Get familiarized with Tensorflow, one of the most popular libraries for advanced machine learning Increase the predictive power of your model using feature engineering Understand the basics of deep learning by solving a digit classification problem of MNIST Demonstrate face generation based on the CelebA database, a promising application of generative models Apply deep learning to other domains like language modeling, sentiment analysis, and machine translation Who this book is for This book targets data scientists and machine learning developers who wish to get started with deep learning. If you know what deep learning is but are not quite sure of how to use it, this book will help you as well. An understanding of statistics and data science concepts is required. Some familiarity with Python programming will also be beneficial.

Download or read book Machine Learning for Beginners written by Samuel Hack and published by Samuel Hack. This book was released on 2021-03-07 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TODAY ONLY 55% OFF for Bookstores! Are you interested in learning about the amazing capabilities of machine learning, but you're worried it will be just too complicated? Or are you a programmer looking for a solid introduction into this field? Your customers must have this guide to understand the hidden secrets of artificial intelligence! Machine learning is an incredible technology which we're only just beginning to understand. Those who break into this industry early will reap the rewards as this field grows more and more important to businesses the world over. And the good news is, it's not too late to start! This guide breaks down the fundamentals of machine learning in a way that anyone can understand. With reference to the different kinds of machine learning models, neural networks, and the way these models learn data, you'll find everything you need to know to get started with machine learning in a concise, easy-to-understand way. Here's what you'll discover inside: What is Artificial Intelligence Really, and Why is it So Powerful? Choosing the Right Kind of Machine Learning Model for You An Introduction to Statistics Supervised and Unsupervised Learning The Power of Neural Networks Reinforcement Learning and Ensemble Modeling "Random Forests" and Decision Trees Must-Have Programming Tools And Much More! Whether you're already a programmer or if you're a complete beginner, now you can break into machine learning in no time! Covering all the basics from simple decision trees to the complex decision-making processes which mirror our own brains, Machine Learning for Beginners is your comprehensive introduction to this amazing field! Buy it NOW and let your customers become to addicted to this incredible book!

Download or read book Deep Learning written by Shriram K Vasudevan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-12-24 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deep Learning: A Comprehensive Guide provides comprehensive coverage of Deep Learning (DL) and Machine Learning (ML) concepts. DL and ML are the most sought-after domains, requiring a deep understanding – and this book gives no less than that. This book enables the reader to build innovative and useful applications based on ML and DL. Starting with the basics of neural networks, and continuing through the architecture of various types of CNNs, RNNs, LSTM, and more till the end of the book, each and every topic is given the utmost care and shaped professionally and comprehensively. Key Features Includes the smooth transition from ML concepts to DL concepts Line-by-line explanations have been provided for all the coding-based examples Includes a lot of real-time examples and interview questions that will prepare the reader to take up a job in ML/DL right away Even a person with a non-computer-science background can benefit from this book by following the theory, examples, case studies, and code snippets Every chapter starts with the objective and ends with a set of quiz questions to test the reader’s understanding Includes references to the related YouTube videos that provide additional guidance AI is a domain for everyone. This book is targeted toward everyone irrespective of their field of specialization. Graduates and researchers in deep learning will find this book useful.

Download or read book Data Science written by Gyanendra K. Verma and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-19 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book targets an audience with a basic understanding of deep learning, its architectures, and its application in the multimedia domain. Background in machine learning is helpful in exploring various aspects of deep learning. Deep learning models have a major impact on multimedia research and raised the performance bar substantially in many of the standard evaluations. Moreover, new multi-modal challenges are tackled, which older systems would not have been able to handle. However, it is very difficult to comprehend, let alone guide, the process of learning in deep neural networks, there is an air of uncertainty about exactly what and how these networks learn. By the end of the book, the readers will have an understanding of different deep learning approaches, models, pre-trained models, and familiarity with the implementation of various deep learning algorithms using various frameworks and libraries.

Download or read book Deep Learning Applications written by M. Arif Wani and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-28 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a compilation of selected papers from the 17th IEEE International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (IEEE ICMLA 2018), focusing on use of deep learning technology in application like game playing, medical applications, video analytics, regression/classification, object detection/recognition and robotic control in industrial environments. It highlights novel ways of using deep neural networks to solve real-world problems, and also offers insights into deep learning architectures and algorithms, making it an essential reference guide for academic researchers, professionals, software engineers in industry, and innovative product developers.

Download or read book Machine Learning written by Anthony Aline and published by . This book was released on 2019-03-29 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ★★Buy the Paperback Version of this Book and get the Kindle Book version for FREE ★★ Artificial Intelligence, and in particular, Machine Learning is here today and it is shaping our world. It is shaping and simplifying the way we live, work, travel and communicate. Hence it is important for you to understand what it is and how it works. This guide has been designed to help you gain an understanding of machine learning, artificial intelligence and big data in a simple way. We will walk you step-by-step into the world of Machine Learning. You will have the opportunity to develop new skills and improve your understanding of this challenging yet lucrative sub-field of machine learning. The content presented in this eBook has been prepared for the total beginner and it doesn't matter who you are or whatever job you are currently doing. This e-book will also be of great benefit to you if you are a business owner. No matter who you are or what you are doing currently, Machine learning can be understood by anyone. This E-book is recommended for you so long you have an interest in machine learning. This introductory guide on machine learning is fun and exciting, but at the same time we dive deep into Machine Learning in a structured way. This guide us easy to read and after reading the whole guide you should have in-depth understanding of the following: Gain an in-depth understanding of Machine Learning, Data Science, Neural Networks, Artificial Intelligence and Neural networks Have a great understanding of many Machine Learning models Know about how accurate prediction are made using machine learning Know the myth various machine learning myths Have a great understanding of how giant companies like Amazon and Netflix, Facebook and twitter are using machine learning Understand the applications of machine learning Scroll Up and Click the Buy Now Button!

Download or read book Programming Machine Learning written by Paolo Perrotta and published by Pragmatic Bookshelf. This book was released on 2020-03-31 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: You've decided to tackle machine learning - because you're job hunting, embarking on a new project, or just think self-driving cars are cool. But where to start? It's easy to be intimidated, even as a software developer. The good news is that it doesn't have to be that hard. Master machine learning by writing code one line at a time, from simple learning programs all the way to a true deep learning system. Tackle the hard topics by breaking them down so they're easier to understand, and build your confidence by getting your hands dirty. Peel away the obscurities of machine learning, starting from scratch and going all the way to deep learning. Machine learning can be intimidating, with its reliance on math and algorithms that most programmers don't encounter in their regular work. Take a hands-on approach, writing the Python code yourself, without any libraries to obscure what's really going on. Iterate on your design, and add layers of complexity as you go. Build an image recognition application from scratch with supervised learning. Predict the future with linear regression. Dive into gradient descent, a fundamental algorithm that drives most of machine learning. Create perceptrons to classify data. Build neural networks to tackle more complex and sophisticated data sets. Train and refine those networks with backpropagation and batching. Layer the neural networks, eliminate overfitting, and add convolution to transform your neural network into a true deep learning system. Start from the beginning and code your way to machine learning mastery. What You Need: The examples in this book are written in Python, but don't worry if you don't know this language: you'll pick up all the Python you need very quickly. Apart from that, you'll only need your computer, and your code-adept brain.

Download or read book Hands On Deep Learning with R written by Michael Pawlus and published by Packt Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2020-04-24 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explore and implement deep learning to solve various real-world problems using modern R libraries such as TensorFlow, MXNet, H2O, and Deepnet Key FeaturesUnderstand deep learning algorithms and architectures using R and determine which algorithm is best suited for a specific problemImprove models using parameter tuning, feature engineering, and ensemblingApply advanced neural network models such as deep autoencoders and generative adversarial networks (GANs) across different domainsBook Description Deep learning enables efficient and accurate learning from a massive amount of data. This book will help you overcome a number of challenges using various deep learning algorithms and architectures with R programming. This book starts with a brief overview of machine learning and deep learning and how to build your first neural network. You’ll understand the architecture of various deep learning algorithms and their applicable fields, learn how to build deep learning models, optimize hyperparameters, and evaluate model performance. Various deep learning applications in image processing, natural language processing (NLP), recommendation systems, and predictive analytics will also be covered. Later chapters will show you how to tackle recognition problems such as image recognition and signal detection, programmatically summarize documents, conduct topic modeling, and forecast stock market prices. Toward the end of the book, you will learn the common applications of GANs and how to build a face generation model using them. Finally, you’ll get to grips with using reinforcement learning and deep reinforcement learning to solve various real-world problems. By the end of this deep learning book, you will be able to build and deploy your own deep learning applications using appropriate frameworks and algorithms. What you will learnDesign a feedforward neural network to see how the activation function computes an outputCreate an image recognition model using convolutional neural networks (CNNs)Prepare data, decide hidden layers and neurons and train your model with the backpropagation algorithmApply text cleaning techniques to remove uninformative text using NLPBuild, train, and evaluate a GAN model for face generationUnderstand the concept and implementation of reinforcement learning in RWho this book is for This book is for data scientists, machine learning engineers, and deep learning developers who are familiar with machine learning and are looking to enhance their knowledge of deep learning using practical examples. Anyone interested in increasing the efficiency of their machine learning applications and exploring various options in R will also find this book useful. Basic knowledge of machine learning techniques and working knowledge of the R programming language is expected.

Download or read book Neural Networks and Deep Learning written by Charu C. Aggarwal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-25 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers both classical and modern models in deep learning. The primary focus is on the theory and algorithms of deep learning. The theory and algorithms of neural networks are particularly important for understanding important concepts, so that one can understand the important design concepts of neural architectures in different applications. Why do neural networks work? When do they work better than off-the-shelf machine-learning models? When is depth useful? Why is training neural networks so hard? What are the pitfalls? The book is also rich in discussing different applications in order to give the practitioner a flavor of how neural architectures are designed for different types of problems. Applications associated with many different areas like recommender systems, machine translation, image captioning, image classification, reinforcement-learning based gaming, and text analytics are covered. The chapters of this book span three categories: The basics of neural networks: Many traditional machine learning models can be understood as special cases of neural networks. An emphasis is placed in the first two chapters on understanding the relationship between traditional machine learning and neural networks. Support vector machines, linear/logistic regression, singular value decomposition, matrix factorization, and recommender systems are shown to be special cases of neural networks. These methods are studied together with recent feature engineering methods like word2vec. Fundamentals of neural networks: A detailed discussion of training and regularization is provided in Chapters 3 and 4. Chapters 5 and 6 present radial-basis function (RBF) networks and restricted Boltzmann machines. Advanced topics in neural networks: Chapters 7 and 8 discuss recurrent neural networks and convolutional neural networks. Several advanced topics like deep reinforcement learning, neural Turing machines, Kohonen self-organizing maps, and generative adversarial networks are introduced in Chapters 9 and 10. The book is written for graduate students, researchers, and practitioners. Numerous exercises are available along with a solution manual to aid in classroom teaching. Where possible, an application-centric view is highlighted in order to provide an understanding of the practical uses of each class of techniques.