Download or read book A Gateway To Hell A Gateway To Paradise written by Elizabeth Savage and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a study of the early history of the lbadiyya in North Africa, a ""moderate"" movement among the Kharijis which from its base in Basra gradually spread among the Berbers of the Maghrib in the 750s. The Berbers found in this new religious allegiance an attractive ideology with which to rebel against the central caliphate. An Ibadi imamate, headed by the Rustamid dynasty, was founded in Tahart in 160 or 162/777 or 779 and lasted until 296/909, when it fell to the Fatimids. The book is divided into seven chapters, an introduction and a conclusion. After a briefintroduction to the lbad.
Download or read book A Gateway to Hell a Gateway to Paradise written by Elizabeth Savage and published by . This book was released on 2020-11 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bible and Qur n written by John C. Reeves and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2004 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nine essays by scholars who research the intersections of Jewish, Christian, and Islamic literary traditions explore various aspects of the textual and behavioral connections among these three major Near Eastern religious communities. Paperback edition is available from the Society of Biblical Literature (www.sbl-site.org)
Download or read book Gateway to Paradise written by Jack Williamson and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ibadi Muslims of North Africa written by Paul M. Love, Jr and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-27 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ibadi Muslims, a little-known minority community, have lived in North Africa for over a thousand years. Combining an analysis of Arabic manuscripts with digital tools used in network analysis, Paul M. Love, Jr takes readers on a journey across the Maghrib and beyond as he traces the paths of a group of manuscripts and the Ibadi scholars who used them. Ibadi scholars of the Middle Period (eleventh–sixteenth century) wrote a series of collective biographies (prosopographies), which together constructed a cumulative tradition that connected Ibadi Muslims from across time and space, bringing them together into a 'written network'. From the Mzab valley in Algeria to the island of Jerba in Tunisia, from the Jebel Nafusa in Libya to the bustling metropolis of early-modern Cairo, this book shows how people and books worked in tandem to construct and maintain an Ibadi Muslim tradition in the Maghrib.
Download or read book The Curse of Ham written by David M. Goldenberg and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-04-11 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How old is prejudice against black people? Were the racist attitudes that fueled the Atlantic slave trade firmly in place 700 years before the European discovery of sub-Saharan Africa? In this groundbreaking book, David Goldenberg seeks to discover how dark-skinned peoples, especially black Africans, were portrayed in the Bible and by those who interpreted the Bible--Jews, Christians, and Muslims. Unprecedented in rigor and breadth, his investigation covers a 1,500-year period, from ancient Israel (around 800 B.C.E.) to the eighth century C.E., after the birth of Islam. By tracing the development of anti-Black sentiment during this time, Goldenberg uncovers views about race, color, and slavery that took shape over the centuries--most centrally, the belief that the biblical Ham and his descendants, the black Africans, had been cursed by God with eternal slavery. Goldenberg begins by examining a host of references to black Africans in biblical and postbiblical Jewish literature. From there he moves the inquiry from Black as an ethnic group to black as color, and early Jewish attitudes toward dark skin color. He goes on to ask when the black African first became identified as slave in the Near East, and, in a powerful culmination, discusses the resounding influence of this identification on Jewish, Christian, and Islamic thinking, noting each tradition's exegetical treatment of pertinent biblical passages. Authoritative, fluidly written, and situated at a richly illuminating nexus of images, attitudes, and history, The Curse of Ham is sure to have a profound and lasting impact on the perennial debate over the roots of racism and slavery, and on the study of early Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
Download or read book Ancient African Christianity written by David E. Wilhite and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-14 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Christianity spread across North Africa early, and it remained there as a powerful force much longer than anticipated. While this African form of Christianity largely shared the Latin language and Roman culture of the wider empire, it also represented a unique tradition that was shaped by its context. Ancient African Christianity attempts to tell the story of Christianity in Africa from its inception to its eventual disappearance. Well-known writers such as Tertullian, Cyprian, and Augustine are studied in light of their African identity, and this tradition is explored in all its various expressions. This book is ideal for all students of African Christianity and also a key introduction for anyone wanting to know more about the history, religion, and philosophy of these early influential Christians whose impact has extended far beyond the African landscape.
Download or read book Milton s Paradise Lost written by John Collier and published by eNet Press. This book was released on with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Told with his incomparable flare for imagery and a vision of the story as it might be seen on film, John Collier turns Paradise Lost into a screenplay that contains the basic blueprint for Milton's story as well as new food for thought.
Download or read book Gateway to Hell written by Dennis Wheatley and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Most Noble of People written by Jessica Coope and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2017-04-10 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Negotiates ethnic, religious, and gender identity amid turbulent social change in medieval Islamic Spain
Download or read book Staying Roman written by Jonathan Conant and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-04-12 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first systematic study of the changing nature of Roman identity in post-Roman North Africa.
Download or read book Islamisation written by A. C. S. Peacock and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2017-03-08 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The spread of Islam and the process of Islamisation (meaning both conversion to Islam and the adoption of Muslim culture) is explored in the twenty-four chapters of this volume. Taking a comparative perspective, both the historical trajectory of Islamisation and the methodological problems in its study are addressed, with coverage moving from Africa to China and from the seventh century to the start of the colonial period in 1800. Key questions are addressed. What is meant by Islamisation? How far was the spread of Islam as a religion bound up with the spread of Muslim culture? To what extent are Islamisation and conversion parallel processes? How is Islamisation connected to Arabisation? What role do vernacular Muslim languages play in the promotion of Muslim culture? The broad, comparative perspective allows readers to develop a thorough understanding of the process of Islamisation over eleven centuries of its history.
Download or read book Islam at 250 written by Petra M. Sijpesteijn and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-05-25 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Islam at 250: Studies in Memory of G.H.A. Juynboll is a collection of original articles on the state of Islamic sciences and Arabic culture in the early phases of their crystallization. It covers a wide range of intellectual activity in the first three centuries of Islam, such as the study of ḥadīth, the Qurʾān, Arabic language and literature, and history. Individually and taken together, the articles provide important new insights and make an important contribution to scholarship on early Islam. The authors, whose work reflects an affinity with Juynboll's research interests, are all experts in their fields. Pointing to the importance of interdisciplinary approaches and signalling lacunae, their contributions show how scholarship has advanced since Juynboll's days. Contributors: Camilla Adang, Monique Bernards, Léon Buskens, Ahmed El Shamsy, Maribel Fierro, Aisha Geissinger, Geert Jan van Gelder, Claude Gilliot, Robert Gleave, Asma Hilali, Michael Lecker, Scott Lucas, Christopher Melchert, Pavel Pavlovitch, Petra M. Sijpesteijn, Roberto Tottoli, and Peter Webb.
Download or read book The Trans Saharan Slave Trade written by John Wright and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-04-03 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This compelling text sheds light on the important but under studied trans-Saharan slave trade. The author uncovers and surveys this, the least-noticed of the slave trades out of Africa, which from the seventh to the twentieth centuries quielty delievered almost as many black Africans into foreign servitude as did the far busier, but much briefer Atlantic and East African trades. Illuminating for the first time a significant, but ignored subject, the book supports and widens current scholarly examination of Africans' essential role in the enslavement of fellow-Africans and their delivery to internal, Atlantic or trans-Saharan markets.
Download or read book Architecture of the Islamic West written by Jonathan M. Bloom and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-30 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An authoritative survey situating some of the Western world’s most renowned buildings within a millennium of Islamic history Some of the most outstanding examples of world architecture, such as the Mosque of Córdoba, the ceiling of the Cappella Palatina in Palermo, the Giralda tower in Seville, and the Alhambra Palace in Granada, belong to the Western Islamic tradition. This architectural style flourished for over a thousand years along the southern and western shores of the Mediterranean—between Tunisia and Spain—from the 8th century through the 19th, blending new ideas with local building practices from across the region. Jonathan M. Bloom’s Architecture of the Islamic West introduces readers to the full scope of this vibrant tradition, presenting both famous and little-known buildings in six countries in North Africa and southern Europe. It is richly illustrated with photographs, specially commissioned architectural plans, and historical documents. The result is a personally guided tour of Islamic architecture led by one of the finest scholars in the field and a powerful testament to Muslim cultural achievement.
Download or read book Our Hollow Earth written by and published by . This book was released on 2019-05-23 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: THE EARTH IS HOLLOW -- AND WE HAVE THE PHOTOS TO PROVE IT! WE ARE NOT ALONE ON THIS PLANET.-- OTHERS ARE HERE! There is said to be a vast world beneath our feet, a civilization located at the innermost core of our planet. Some call it the Hollow Earth or the Inner Earth. It has been described as a virtual paradise by some and a horrifying, hellish nightmare by others. Doorways into this mystery realm have been sought for centuries. Some say they have actually "slipped inside" our planet. A number have given extraordinary accounts of their voyage, while others have vanished, never to be seen by another living soul again.Frankly, the text books - according to the experts consulted for this volume - are all wrong! For, if you think life exists only on the surface of the planet, you have been listening to the "party line" way too long. There are those who see the Earth as being multilayered, and that what goes on "above" definitely goes on "below" - and maybe more so to the extreme. Many have been led to believe that the first tale of a voyage inside our hollow globe was told by Jules Verne. "Journey To The Center Of The Earth" is the exciting story of a group of adventurers who are dying of hunger and thirst in the dark caverns below. They encounter prehistoric beasts before arriving at their destination, thousands of miles beneath our planet's surface. The tale was science fiction - or was it? Soon others were to come forward to relate their own perilous adventures in the dark dimensions beneath our feet. But Verne had NOT been the first writer to use this as a basis for his tale. Whether he had simply invented the story or based it upon rumors that were making the rounds in Europe, stories saying that the center of the planet was not furnace-like, but a beautiful "otherworldly paradise" in the category of an Eden, as it would be described Biblically. In fact, more than a hundred years before, a Norwegian scholar wrote a tome that has almost been forgotten in the centuries that have passed. In this work he spoke of a weird variety of intelligent beings who interacted with the hero of his story. A full translation of this RARE work is presented here in polished English for today's student of the Hollow Earth theory. There are also to be found tales of fifteen-foot giants, a variety of hideous monsters and ten-foot tall reptilians living underground who inhabit a vast tunnel system constructed by a civilization that departed thousands upon thousands of years ago from the surface of the planet after the air aboveground became highly radioactive. There is evidence that the governments and the militaries of various nations know of the existence of this Inner World, but keep it a closely guarded secret. These official agencies are also aware that the objects we know as UFOs originate from inside this Inner World, and that a "privileged" group of Nazis escaped to the Hollow Earth through entrances at the South Pole. America's aviation ace, Admiral Richard Byrd, ventured across this icy hidden stronghold but left without confronting the potential menace concealed there. There are even possible links to the assassination of John F. Kennedy associated with the Inner Earth. Yes, there were giants in the Earth in Biblical times - and they possibly still exist, not far from where we live, mere miles below our towns and homes.
Download or read book Shurat Legends Ibadi Identities written by Adam R. Gaiser and published by Univ of South Carolina Press. This book was released on 2016-10-15 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analysis of a variety of early Islamic texts to understand processes of identity formation and community In Shurat Legends, Ibadi Identities, Adam Gaiser explores the origins and early development of Islamic notions of martyrdom and of martyrdom literature. He examines the catalogs or lists of martyrs (martyrologies) of the early shur?t (Kh?rijites) in the context of late antiquity, showing that shur?t literature, as it can be reconstructed, shares continuity with the martyrologies of earlier Christians and other religious groups, especially in Iraq, and that this powerful literature was transmitted by seventh century shur?t through their successors, the Ib??iyya. Gaiser examines the sources of poems and narratives as quasi-historical accounts and their application in literary creations designed to meet particular communal needs, in particular, the need to establish and shape identity. Gaiser shows how these accounts accumulated traits—such as all-night prayer vigils, stoic acceptance of death, and miracles—-of a wider ascetic and apocalyptic literature in the eighth century, including martyrdom narratives of Eastern Christianity. By establishing focal points of piety around which a communal identity could be fashioned, such accounts proved suitable for use in missionary activity in North Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. Gaiser also documents the reshaping of these narratives for more quietist purposes: emphasizing moderated rather than violent action, diplomacy, and respect for other Islamic sects as also being monotheistic, rather than condemning them as sinful. Along with refashioning narratives, Gaiser details the Ib??? efforts to compile collections into genealogies, both biographical dictionaries and lineages of the true faith linking individuals and communities to local saints and martyrs. He also shows how this more nuanced history led to the formation of rules and authorities governing the shur?t. Employing rarely examined manuscript materials to shed light on such processes as identity formation and communal boundary maintenance, Gaiser traces the course by which this martyrdom literature and its potentially dangerous implications came to be institutionalized, contained, and controlled.
