Download or read book A Dynamic Empirical Model of Farm Households written by G. Thijssen and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Dynamic Empirical Micro economic Model of Farm Households written by Gerardus Johannes Thijssen and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Dynamic Empirical Micro economic Model of Farm Households written by Geert Thijssen and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agricultural Household Models written by Inderjit Singh and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the basic model of an agricultural household that underlies most of the case studies undertaken so far. The model assumes that households are price-takers and is therefore recursive. The decisions modeled include those affecting production and the demand for inputs and those affecting consumption and the supply of labor. Comparative results on selected elasticities are presented for a number of economies. The empirical significance of the approach is demonstrated in a comparison of models that treat production and consumption decisions separately and those in which the decisionmaking process is recursive. The book summarizes the implications of agricultural pricing policy for the welfare of farm households, marketed surplus, the demand for nonagricultural goods and services, the rural labor market, budget revenues, and foreign exchange earnings. In addition, it is shown that the basic model can be extended in order to explore the effects of government policy on crop composition, nutritional status, health, saving, and investment and to provide a more comprehensive analysis of the effects on budget revenues and foreign exchange earnings. Methodological topics, primarily the data requirements of the basic model and its extensions, along with aggregation, market interaction, uncertainty, and market imperfections are discussed. The most important methodological issues - the question of the recursive property of these models - is also discussed.
Download or read book An empirical examination of the dynamics of varietal turnover in Indian wheat written by Vijesh Krishna and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2014-07-25 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper addresses the challenge of increasing the rate of varietal turnover to prevent depreciation of improved cultivars over time. It examines the supply of and demand for improved cultivars of wheat in India to illustrate this challenge in a unique manner, combining national-level data on breeder seed production with primary data on cultivar adoption. The analyses show that the rate of varietal turnover for wheat has slowed in India from an average of 9-10 years a decade ago to 13-14 years in 2010. By focusing on a sample of farmers and villages in Haryana, where seed and information networks are relatively well developed, the study finds that wheat farmers still prefer cultivars that were released 9-10 years ago.
Download or read book Agricultural Household Modelling and Family Economics written by F. Caillavet and published by Newnes. This book was released on 1994-12-07 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural households, both in the European Union and world-wide, have experienced important changes during the last three decades. This book covers recent advances both in family economics and in modelling the relationship between the farm-household and the farm-firm. Both theoretical and empirical aspects of Agricultural Household Modelling and Family Economics are also discussed, providing a timely contribution to research in this area.
Download or read book Risk and Seasonality in an Empirical Model of the Farm Household written by Emmanuel Skoufias and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Producer Dynamics written by Timothy Dunne and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-05-15 with total page 623 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Census Bureau has recently begun releasing official statistics that measure the movements of firms in and out of business and workers in and out of jobs. The economic analyses in Producer Dynamics exploit this newly available data on establishments, firms, and workers, to address issues in industrial organization, labor, growth, macroeconomics, and international trade. This innovative volume brings together a group of renowned economists to probe topics such as firm dynamics across countries; patterns of employment dynamics; firm dynamics in nonmanufacturing industries such as retail, health services, and agriculture; employer-employee turnover from matched worker/firm data sets; and turnover in international markets. Producer Dynamics will serve as an invaluable reference to economists and policy makers seeking to understand the links between firms and workers, and the sources of economic dynamics, in the age of globalization.
Download or read book Dynamics of Labor Demand and Supply of Rural Households written by Emmanuel A. Skoufias and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Development Economics written by Hollis Burnley Chenery and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1988 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbooks of development economics/ edit. Chenery.-v.1.
Download or read book The Journal of Agricultural Economics Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Journal of Agricultural Economics Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Linkages Between Land Management Land Degradation and Poverty in Sub Saharan Africa written by Nkonya, Ephraim and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most African countries strive for both poverty reduction and sustainable land management, yet information on the exact relationship between these goals is limited. This report seeks to fill the gap by demonstrating a strong linkage between poverty and land management. Using Uganda as a case study, the authors show that certain policies, such as investments in soil and water conservation and agroforestry, may simultaneously increase productivity and reduce poverty and land degradation. Other strategies, including development of rural roads, non-farm activities, and rural finance, may reduce poverty without significantly affecting productivity or land management. Some policies, however, will likely involve trade-offs among different goals and will need to have their negative impacts minimized. Those in government, NGOs, the private sector, or academia who are concerned about sustainably reducing poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa will benefit from this analysis of how to pursue these key development goals.
Download or read book Economic Policy and Sustainable Land Use written by Nico Heerink and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1980s many developing countries have implemented macro-economic policy reforms to curb inflation, reduce fiscal deficits and control foreign debt. The policy instruments used, such as exchange rate adjustment, budget cuts, trade policy reforms, public expenditure reviews and privatisation, have different and sometimes opposite consequences for agricultural land use. During the same period awareness was growing that deteriorating soil quality could become a limiting factor to increase or even sustain agricultural production. As a result, food availability and even accessibility for large population groups in developing countries may be jeopardised in the near future. Recently, quantitative models have made useful contributions to understanding the impact of economic policy reforms on the sustainability of land use. They provide a consistent analytical framework to deal with complex issues such as the direct and indirect effects of economic, agricultural, environmental and population policies, the role of market imperfections in transmitting economic policy signals, and the interactions between soil quality, agricultural production and household economic decision making. Different types of models can be distinguished: bio economic models, focussing on the link between farm household decisions and the agricultural resource base, household and village models, examining the impact of the socio-economic environment on farm household decisions, and more aggregate models, analysing interactions between sectors and their implications for sustainable land use.
Download or read book Essays on the Economics of Agriculture and Nutrition written by Tomoe Anne Yamashiro Bourdier and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation adds to our understanding of the links between agriculture and food and nutrition security. In particular, I examine the economic activities and decisions that take place within households and determine how resources are allocated to individual members. Can the intrahousehold division of responsibilities over food consumption and marketing decisions limit opportunities for consumption smoothing via the storage of own-produced crops? In Chapter 1, using a non-unitary model in which one agent controls production decisions, market sales and purchases, and another makes daily food consumption decisions on behalf of the household, I identify two types of household inefficiencies that may occur when the two agents have diverging individual preferences and fail to cooperate: 1) net income losses from selling crops after harvest and purchasing again from the market when prices are higher; and 2) imperfect inter-temporal consumption smoothing, which may leave both agents worse off. To test these predictions, I conduct a series of incentivized experimental games in farm households of Bihar, India and combine experimental measures of individual preferences and intrahousehold cooperation over pulse stock management with survey data on the household's agricultural production and food consumption decisions. Analysis of the experiments suggests that women have higher marginal valuation of pulses than their male partner and that households incur larger losses when men make the final decision in a sequential bargaining game. However, I find no conclusive evidence that cooperation failure in the intrahousehold bargaining games predicts observed inefficiencies in food consumption smoothing and market participation. Heterogeneity analysis provides suggestive evidence that shortages in pulse consumption below average levels are greater in households where the female participant has a stronger preference for pulses, consistent with the theory. The extent to which agricultural policies can improve the nutrition and welfare of farm households depends crucially on our understanding of how these households adjust their consumption decisions in response to external shifters of production. In Chapter 2, leveraging experimental variation in pulse production generated by an agricultural extension program in Bihar, India, I examine the impact of increased production of nutritious foods on household consumption and individual nutrient intake. I find that the intervention induced the adoption of pulse cultivation and, consequently, a modest increase in pulse production. While treatment did not lead to a measurable change in household-level measures of pulse consumption or protein availability, the protein intake of the female respondent showed a small increase. Overall, I do not find evidence that increased pulse production results in increased pulse consumption, and therefore fail to reject the hypothesis of separability. Treatment effects on production outcomes were stronger in wealthier households and when women in charge of cooking were also involved in decisions related to agricultural production and food expenditures. Effects on consumption outcomes were also heterogeneous, as the female respondent's protein intake was more likely to increase if she valued pulses more than male members of her household did. In polygynous households (in which a man is married to several women), complex dynamics among spouses and their respective children shape how farm households cope with weather and other shocks. In Chapter 3, using the Feed the Future Ghana Population Survey data, I investigate how women's bargaining power may mediate the relationship between polygyny and children's nutrition in rural households. The results suggest that polygyny is associated with low weight-for-height z-scores in children under the age of five but reveal no such relationship with height-for-age or weight-for age z-scores. I find evidence that women's empowerment in agriculture may affect child nutritional status and diet quality differentially in polygynous households and monogamous households with different dimensions of empowerment having different impacts on specific child nutrition outcomes. Among polygynous households, several empowerment indicators appear to be positively correlated with height-for-age z-scores, indicative of long-term nutritional health, but negatively correlated with weight-for-height z-scores, typically linked with acute weight loss. Finally, children of senior co-wives are more likely to be exclusively breastfed until 6 months. They also present higher height-for-age z-scores and lower weight-for-height z-scores. There is no significant correlation between a mother's rank and the feeding practices of her children between 6 and 23 months old.
Download or read book Economywide Impact of Maize Export Bans on Agricultural Growth and Household Welfare in Tanzania written by Xinshen Diao and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2013-09-03 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the government of Tanzania, like other governments in Africa south of the Sahara, has periodically banned the export of staple crops (maize) in an attempt to ensure the domestic food supply and protect its citizens from international food price hikes. While this policy seems to be a common response to domestic production shortfalls or to high prices in international or neighboring countries markets, export bans not only have the potential to reduce producer prices locally but also, because the bans are often ad hoc, can cause significant market uncertainty for farmers and the private sector, ultimately making them less responsive in both supply and trade opportunities in the future. While complaints by farmers and traders regarding the export bans frequently appear in the newspapers in Tanzania, few rigorous analyses have been done to quantitatively measure the impacts of the policy. Given this knowledge gap and policy demand, we study the impact of export bans in Tanzania using a computable general equilibrium model. We find that although maize is an important food crop in Tanzania, its contribution to food price inflation is rather limited, and that banning cross-border maize exports lowers the national food price index by only 0.62.4 percent compared with the free-export scenario. The benefits of lower prices are captured primarily by urban households, but maize producer prices decrease by 726 percent, depending on the region. We also find that the export ban decreases the wage rate for low-skilled labor and the returns to land, while returns to nonagricultural capital and wage rate for the skilled labor increase, further hurting poor rural households and thus increasing poverty for the country as a whole.
Download or read book Intertemporal Choices of Japanese Farm Households Under Rational Expectations written by Kazuki Taketoshi and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
