Download or read book A Different Transition Path written by Chenggang Xu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-07-27 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1995 this volume examines and analyzes the factors that have made the township-village enterprise (TVE) such a driver of growth in the Chinese economy in recent years. The book analyzes the background of the TVE and discusses regional differences in TVE efficiency as well as examining the apparent contradiction of the success of the TVE despite the lack of well-defined property rights. Issues of rural-rural and rural-urban migration phenomena are discussed and the differences discussed between the Chinese economy and those of other developing nations.
Download or read book Free Energy Calculations written by Christophe Chipot and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-01-15 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers a coherent account of the concepts that underlie different approaches devised for the determination of free energies. It provides insight into the theoretical and computational foundations of the subject and presents relevant applications from molecular-level modeling and simulations of chemical and biological systems. The book is aimed at a broad readership of graduate students and researchers.
Download or read book Computer Simulations in Condensed Matter From Materials to Chemical Biology Volume 1 written by Mauro Ferrario and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-03-09 with total page 716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive collection of lectures by leading experts in the field introduces and reviews all relevant computer simulation methods and their applications in condensed matter systems. Volume 1 is an in-depth introduction to a vast spectrum of computational techniques for statistical mechanical systems of condensed matter. Volume 2 is a collection of state-of-the-art surveys on numerical experiments carried out for a great number of systems.
Download or read book Using Market Mechanisms to Manage Fisheries Smoothing the Path written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2006-04-04 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study demystifies the concept of market-like instruments in order to help policy makers make better use of market-like instruments in fisheries management.
Download or read book Path Dependence and Creation written by Raghu Garud and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The editors, aware of the recent work in evolutionary theory and the science of chaos and complexity, challenge the sometimes deterministic flavor of this subject. They are interested in uncovering the place of agency in these theories that take history so seriously. In the end, they are as interested in path creation and destruction as they are in path dependence. This book is compiled of both theoretical and empirical writings. It shows relatively well-known industries, such as the automobile, biotechnology, and semi-conductor industries in a new light. It also invites the reader to learn more about medical practices, wind power, lasers, and synthesizers. Primarily written for academicians, researchers, and Ph.D. students in fields related to technology management, this book is research-oriented and will appeal to all managers.
Download or read book Ideology Political Transitions and the City written by Aleksandra Djurasovic and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-06-10 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent history has seen Bosnian and Herzegovinian (BiH) cities undergoing several transitions. Their cities have developed under socialism (1945 – 1992), have suffered through the civil war during the 1990s, and during the last twenty years have been undergoing a slow and multifaceted transition to an indeterminate end point. Focusing on the post-socialist, postwar, and neoliberal transitions experienced in BiH, the book shows that planning systems deviated from control-oriented and top-down regulation to flexible approaches for more open for informal development. The book analyzes several levels of planning-related processes: the former Yugoslavia, BiH, the city of Mostar, and three urban zones (the Industrial Zone Bišće Polje, the City Zone Rondo, and the Historic District and the Old Town Zone) in order to offer insights into the new planning systems in the late phase of post-socialist transition.
Download or read book Simulating Enzyme Reactivity written by Inaki Tunon and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2016-11-16 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The simulation of enzymatic processes is a well-established field within computational chemistry, as demonstrated by the 2013 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. It has been attracting increasing attention in recent years due to the potential applications in the development of new drugs or new environmental-friendly catalysts. Featuring contributions from renowned authors, including Nobel Laureate Arieh Warshel, this book explores the theories, methodologies and applications in simulations of enzyme reactions. It is the first book offering a comprehensive perspective of the field by examining several different methodological approaches and discussing their applicability and limitations. The book provides the basic knowledge for postgraduate students and researchers in chemistry, biochemistry and biophysics, who want a deeper understanding of complex biological process at the molecular level.
Download or read book Monthly Weather Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 1020 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Understanding Molecular Simulation written by Daan Frenkel and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-07-13 with total page 868 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding Molecular Simulation explains molecular simulation from a chemical-physics and statistical-mechanics perspective. It highlights how physical concepts are used to develop better algorithms and expand the range of applicability of simulations. Understanding Molecular Simulation is equally relevant for those who develop new code and those who use existing packages. Both groups are continuously confronted with the question of which computational technique best suits a given application. Understanding Molecular Simulation provides readers with the foundational knowledge they need to learn about, select and apply the most appropriate of these tools to their own work. The implementation of simulation methods is illustrated in pseudocodes, and their practical use is shown via case studies presented throughout the text. Since the second edition’s publication, the simulation world has expanded significantly: existing techniques have continued to develop, and new ones have emerged, opening up novel application areas. This new edition aims to describe these new developments without becoming exhaustive; examples are included that highlight current uses, and several new examples have been added to illustrate recent applications. Examples, case studies, questions, and downloadable algorithms are also included to support learning. No prior knowledge of computer simulation is assumed. Fully updated guide to both the current state and latest developments in the field of molecular simulation, including added and expanded information on such topics as molecular dynamics and statistical assessment of simulation results Gives a rounded overview by showing fundamental background information in practice via new examples in a range of key fields Provides online access to new data, algorithms and tutorial slides to support and encourage practice and learning
Download or read book Efficient Control and Spontaneous Transitions written by Miranda Louwerse and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-12-02 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis addresses deep questions that cut to the physical and informational essence of central chemical quantities such as transition paths and reaction mechanisms and proposes fundamental new connections between transition-path theory, linear-response theory, nonequilibrium thermodynamics, and information theory. The author investigates slow, energetically efficient driving protocols that drive a system between conformations corresponding to endpoints of a reaction, aiming to find connections between principles of efficient driving and the spontaneous transition mechanism in the absence of driving. First, an alternative perspective of transition-path theory is developed that unifies it with stochastic thermodynamics to describe flows of entropy, energy, and information during the reaction. This also provides an optimization criterion for selecting collective variables. Next, protocols are designed which invert the magnetization of a 3×3 Ising model with minimal energetic cost, and it is determined that using multiple control parameters allows the system to be driven along a fast-relaxing pathway between reaction endpoints. Finally, the author compares these protocols with the spontaneous transition mechanism for magnetization inversion in the same Ising model, finding that designed protocols capture general features of the spontaneous mechanism and energetics given the constraints on the control parameters. This work represents a major step forward in our understanding of rare events and provides a basis for investigating the connection between efficient protocols and spontaneous transition mechanisms which can be further probed in a wider variety of systems.
Download or read book On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems OTM 2010 written by R. Meersman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-04 with total page 725 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The two-volume set of LNCS 6426/6427 constitutes the refereed proceedings of 3 confederated international conferences on CoopIS (Cooperative Information Systems), DOA (Distributed Objects and Applications) and ODBASE (Ontologies, DataBases and Applications of SEmantics). These conferences were held in October 2009 in Greece, in Hersonissos on the island of Crete. CoopIS is covering the applications of technologies in an enterprise context as workflow systems and knowledge management. DOA is covering the relevant infrastructure-enabling technologies and finally, OSBASe is covering WEB semantics, XML databases and ontologies. The 83 revised full papers presented together with 3 keynote talks were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 223 submissions. Corresponding to the OTM main conferences the papers are organized in topical sections on process models and management, modeling of cooperation, services computing, information processing and management, human-based cooperative systems, ontology and workflow challenges, access control, authentication and policies, secure architectures, cryptography, data storage and processing, transaction and event management, virtualization performance, risk and scalability, cloud and distributed system security, reactivity and semantic data, ontology mapping and semantic similarity, domain specific ontologies.
Download or read book Hierarchical Methods for Dynamics in Complex Molecular Systems written by Johannes Grotendorst and published by Forschungszentrum Jülich. This book was released on 2012 with total page 557 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Urban Sustainability Transitions written by Niki Frantzeskaki and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-06-14 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world’s population is currently undergoing a significant transition towards urbanisation, with the UN expecting that 70% of people globally will live in cities by 2050. Urbanisation has multiple political, cultural, environmental and economic dimensions that profoundly influence social development and innovation. This fundamental long-term transformation will involve the realignment of urban society’s technologies and infrastructures, culture and lifestyles, as well as governance and institutional frameworks. Such structural systemic realignments can be referred to as urban sustainability transitions: fundamental and structural changes in urban systems through which persistent societal challenges are addressed, such as shifts towards urban farming, renewable decentralised energy systems, and social economies. This book provides new insights into how sustainability transitions unfold in different types of cities across the world and explores possible strategies for governing urban transitions, emphasising the co-evolution of material and institutional transformations in socio-technical and socio-ecological systems. With case studies of mega-cities such as Seoul, Tokyo, New York and Adelaide, medium-sized cities such as Copenhagen, Cape Town and Portland, and nonmetropolitan cities such as Freiburg, Ghent and Brighton, the book provides an opportunity to reflect upon the comparability and transferability of theoretical/conceptual constructs and governance approaches across geographical contexts. Urban Sustainability Transitions is key reading for students and scholars working in Environmental Sciences, Geography, Urban Studies, Urban Policy and Planning.
Download or read book Inside the Energiewende written by Christine Sturm and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-27 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book tells the story of one nation’s sustained efforts to steer its economy toward low carbon technologies and to define national and global pathways for mitigating climate change. Drawing on a long career in Germany’s energy sector, and on subsequent academic research, the book reveals the weaknesses of and critical trade-offs in Germany’s bold energy transition plan − the Energiewende − and explores their causes. Its goal is to provide insights to help policymakers and energy managers keep some of the problems that have plagued the Energiewende at bay, and to instead explore avenues that are more likely to succeed. While such insights cannot solve the problem of socio-technical change overnight, they do reveal alternative transition pathways that keep climate goals clearly in sight, even if they are pursued with a bit less exuberance and a bit more humility. The book is addressed to academic, professional, and political readers alike.
Download or read book Development of a Process for Integrated Development and Evaluation of Energy Scenarios for Lower Saxony written by Bernd Engel and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2019-12-11 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the research project NEDS – Sustainable Energy Supply Lower Saxony, conceivable transition paths towards a power supply based on renewable energies in Lower Saxony by 2050 are developed and examined for their sustainability and feasibility. Both the different technical focal points and the joint development of methods and models represent important aspects of the project. A comprehensive method for the integrated development and evaluation of energy scenarios is developed and applied to Lower Saxony. As a basic framework, five future scenarios for the target year 2050 are developed. Based on the qualitative future scenarios and three chosen alternatives, quantitative assumptions are made for the simulation and evaluation. The simulation results of the system model form the basis for the system evaluation. Defined system states for the transition years are simulated and then compared using a multi-criteria decision analysis based on sustainability criteria. In dem Forschungsprojekt NEDS – Nachhaltige Energieversorgung Niedersachsen werden denkbare Transitionspfade hin zu einer auf erneuerbaren Energien basierenden Stromversorgung in Niedersachsen bis 2050 entwickelt und auf ihre Nachhaltigkeit und Umsetzbarkeit untersucht. Sowohl die unterschiedlichen fachlichen Schwerpunkte als auch die gemeinsame Entwicklung von Methodik und Modellen stellen wichtige Aspekte im Projekt dar. Es wird eine umfassende Methodik zur integrierten Entwicklung und Bewertung von Energieszenarien erarbeitet und auf Niedersachsen angewendet. Als Grundgerüst werden fünf Zukunftsszenarien für das Zieljahr 2050 entwickelt. Aus den qualitativen Zukunftsszenarien und drei ausgewählten Alternativen werden quantitative Annahmen für die Simulation und Bewertung erstellt. Die Ergebnisse der Simulationen des Systemmodells bilden die Grundlage für die Systembewertung. Definierte Systemzustände für die Transitionsjahre werden simuliert und anschließend mithilfe einer multikriteriellen Bewertungsmethode anhand von Nachhaltigkeitskriterien verglichen.
Download or read book Integrating Timescales from Molecules Up written by Rene A. Nome and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-06-04 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reaction Rate Theory and Rare Events written by Baron Peters and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-03-22 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reaction Rate Theory and Rare Events bridges the historical gap between these subjects because the increasingly multidisciplinary nature of scientific research often requires an understanding of both reaction rate theory and the theory of other rare events. The book discusses collision theory, transition state theory, RRKM theory, catalysis, diffusion limited kinetics, mean first passage times, Kramers theory, Grote-Hynes theory, transition path theory, non-adiabatic reactions, electron transfer, and topics from reaction network analysis. It is an essential reference for students, professors and scientists who use reaction rate theory or the theory of rare events. In addition, the book discusses transition state search algorithms, tunneling corrections, transmission coefficients, microkinetic models, kinetic Monte Carlo, transition path sampling, and importance sampling methods. The unified treatment in this book explains why chemical reactions and other rare events, while having many common theoretical foundations, often require very different computational modeling strategies. Offers an integrated approach to all simulation theories and reaction network analysis, a unique approach not found elsewhere Gives algorithms in pseudocode for using molecular simulation and computational chemistry methods in studies of rare events Uses graphics and explicit examples to explain concepts Includes problem sets developed and tested in a course range from pen-and-paper theoretical problems, to computational exercises
