Download or read book Cost Effectiveness and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-09-28 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The light-duty vehicle fleet is expected to undergo substantial technological changes over the next several decades. New powertrain designs, alternative fuels, advanced materials and significant changes to the vehicle body are being driven by increasingly stringent fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards. By the end of the next decade, cars and light-duty trucks will be more fuel efficient, weigh less, emit less air pollutants, have more safety features, and will be more expensive to purchase relative to current vehicles. Though the gasoline-powered spark ignition engine will continue to be the dominant powertrain configuration even through 2030, such vehicles will be equipped with advanced technologies, materials, electronics and controls, and aerodynamics. And by 2030, the deployment of alternative methods to propel and fuel vehicles and alternative modes of transportation, including autonomous vehicles, will be well underway. What are these new technologies - how will they work, and will some technologies be more effective than others? Written to inform The United States Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards, this new report from the National Research Council is a technical evaluation of costs, benefits, and implementation issues of fuel reduction technologies for next-generation light-duty vehicles. Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles estimates the cost, potential efficiency improvements, and barriers to commercial deployment of technologies that might be employed from 2020 to 2030. This report describes these promising technologies and makes recommendations for their inclusion on the list of technologies applicable for the 2017-2025 CAFE standards.

Download or read book Introduction to Modeling and Control of Internal Combustion Engine Systems written by Lino Guzzella and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Internal combustion engines still have a potential for substantial improvements, particularly with regard to fuel efficiency and environmental compatibility. These goals can be achieved with help of control systems. Modeling and Control of Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) addresses these issues by offering an introduction to cost-effective model-based control system design for ICE. The primary emphasis is put on the ICE and its auxiliary devices. Mathematical models for these processes are developed in the text and selected feedforward and feedback control problems are discussed. The appendix contains a summary of the most important controller analysis and design methods, and a case study that analyzes a simplified idle-speed control problem. The book is written for students interested in the design of classical and novel ICE control systems.

Download or read book Design and Development of Heavy Duty Diesel Engines written by P. A. Lakshminarayanan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-05 with total page 912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended to serve as a comprehensive reference on the design and development of diesel engines. It talks about combustion and gas exchange processes with important references to emissions and fuel consumption and descriptions of the design of various parts of an engine, its coolants and lubricants, and emission control and optimization techniques. Some of the topics covered are turbocharging and supercharging, noise and vibrational control, emission and combustion control, and the future of heavy duty diesel engines. This volume will be of interest to researchers and professionals working in this area.

Download or read book Vehicle Powertrain Systems written by David Crolla and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-12-30 with total page 563 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The powertrain is at the heart of vehicle design; the engine – whether it is a conventional, hybrid or electric design – provides the motive power, which is then managed and controlled through the transmission and final drive components. The overall powertrain system therefore defines the dynamic performance and character of the vehicle. The design of the powertrain has conventionally been tackled by analyzing each of the subsystems individually and the individual components, for example, engine, transmission and driveline have received considerable attention in textbooks over the past decades. The key theme of this book is to take a systems approach – to look at the integration of the components so that the whole powertrain system meets the demands of overall energy efficiency and good drivability. Vehicle Powertrain Systems provides a thorough description and analysis of all the powertrain components and then treats them together so that the overall performance of the vehicle can be understood and calculated. The text is well supported by practical problems and worked examples. Extensive use is made of the MATLAB(R) software and many example programmes for vehicle calculations are provided in the text. Key features: Structured approach to explaining the fundamentals of powertrain engineering Integration of powertrain components into overall vehicle design Emphasis on practical vehicle design issues Extensive use of practical problems and worked examples Provision of MATLAB(R) programmes for the reader to use in vehicle performance calculations This comprehensive and integrated analysis of vehicle powertrain engineering provides an invaluable resource for undergraduate and postgraduate automotive engineering students and is a useful reference for practicing engineers in the vehicle industry

Download or read book Vehicular Engine Design written by Kevin Hoag and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-02-05 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mechanical engineering curriculum in most universities includes at least one elective course on the subject of reciprocating piston engines. The majority of these courses today emphasize the application of thermodynamics to engine ef?ciency, performance, combustion, and emissions. There are several very good textbooks that support education in these aspects of engine development. However, in most companies engaged in engine development there are far more engineers working in the areas of design and mechanical development. University studies should include opportunities that prepare engineers desiring to work in these aspects of engine development as well. My colleagues and I have undertaken the development of a series of graduate courses in engine design and mechanical development. In doing so it becomes quickly apparent that no suitable te- book exists in support of such courses. This book was written in the hopes of beginning to address the need for an engineering-based introductory text in engine design and mechanical development. It is of necessity an overview. Its focus is limited to reciprocating-piston internal-combustion engines – both diesel and spa- ignition engines. Emphasis is speci?cally on automobile engines, although much of the discussion applies to larger and smaller engines as well. A further intent of this book is to provide a concise reference volume on engine design and mechanical development processes for engineers serving the engine industry. It is intended to provide basic information and most of the chapters include recent references to guide more in-depth study.

Download or read book Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium and Heavy Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-07-30 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles evaluates various technologies and methods that could improve the fuel economy of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, such as tractor-trailers, transit buses, and work trucks. The book also recommends approaches that federal agencies could use to regulate these vehicles' fuel consumption. Currently there are no fuel consumption standards for such vehicles, which account for about 26 percent of the transportation fuel used in the U.S. The miles-per-gallon measure used to regulate the fuel economy of passenger cars. is not appropriate for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, which are designed above all to carry loads efficiently. Instead, any regulation of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles should use a metric that reflects the efficiency with which a vehicle moves goods or passengers, such as gallons per ton-mile, a unit that reflects the amount of fuel a vehicle would use to carry a ton of goods one mile. This is called load-specific fuel consumption (LSFC). The book estimates the improvements that various technologies could achieve over the next decade in seven vehicle types. For example, using advanced diesel engines in tractor-trailers could lower their fuel consumption by up to 20 percent by 2020, and improved aerodynamics could yield an 11 percent reduction. Hybrid powertrains could lower the fuel consumption of vehicles that stop frequently, such as garbage trucks and transit buses, by as much 35 percent in the same time frame.

Download or read book Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicle Technologies for Improved Environmental Performance written by Richard Folkson and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2022-07-27 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicle Technologies for Improved Environmental Performance: Towards Zero Carbon Transportation, Second Edition provides a comprehensive view of key developments in advanced fuels and vehicle technologies to improve the energy efficiency and environmental impact of the automotive sector. Sections consider the role of alternative fuels such as electricity, alcohol and hydrogen fuel cells, as well as advanced additives and oils in environmentally sustainable transport. Other topics explored include methods of revising engine and vehicle design to improve environmental performance and fuel economy and developments in electric and hybrid vehicle technologies. This reference will provide professionals, engineers and researchers of alternative fuels with an understanding of the latest clean technologies which will help them to advance the field. Those working in environmental and mechanical engineering will benefit from the detailed analysis of the technologies covered, as will fuel suppliers and energy producers seeking to improve the efficiency, sustainability and accessibility of their work. - Provides a fully updated reference with significant technological advances and developments in the sector - Presents analyses on the latest advances in electronic systems for emissions control, autonomous systems, artificial intelligence and legislative requirements - Includes a strong focus on updated climate change predictions and consequences, helping the reader work towards ambitious 2050 climate change goals for the automotive industry

Download or read book Two Stroke Cycle Engine written by JohnB. Heywood and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-01 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the two-stroke cycle internal combustion engine, used in compact, lightweight form in everything from motorcycles to chainsaws to outboard motors, and in large sizes for marine propulsion and power generation. It first provides an overview of the principles, characteristics, applications, and history of the two-stroke cycle engine, followed by descriptions and evaluations of various types of models that have been developed to predict aspects of two-stroke engine operation.

Download or read book Fundamentals of Combustion Processes written by Sara McAllister and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-05-10 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Combustion Processes is designed as a textbook for an upper-division undergraduate and graduate level combustion course in mechanical engineering. The authors focus on the fundamental theory of combustion and provide a simplified discussion of basic combustion parameters and processes such as thermodynamics, chemical kinetics, ignition, diffusion and pre-mixed flames. The text includes exploration of applications, example exercises, suggested homework problems and videos of laboratory demonstrations

Download or read book Diesel Engine Transient Operation written by Constantine D. Rakopoulos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-03-10 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally, the study of internal combustion engines operation has focused on the steady-state performance. However, the daily driving schedule of automotive and truck engines is inherently related to unsteady conditions. In fact, only a very small portion of a vehicle’s operating pattern is true steady-state, e. g. , when cruising on a motorway. Moreover, the most critical conditions encountered by industrial or marine engines are met during transients too. Unfortunately, the transient operation of turbocharged diesel engines has been associated with slow acceleration rate, hence poor driveability, and overshoot in particulate, gaseous and noise emissions. Despite the relatively large number of published papers, this very important subject has been treated in the past scarcely and only segmentally as regards reference books. Merely two chapters, one in the book Turbocharging the Internal Combustion Engine by N. Watson and M. S. Janota (McMillan Press, 1982) and another one written by D. E. Winterbone in the book The Thermodynamics and Gas Dynamics of Internal Combustion Engines, Vol. II edited by J. H. Horlock and D. E. Winterbone (Clarendon Press, 1986) are dedicated to transient operation. Both books, now out of print, were published a long time ago. Then, it seems reasonable to try to expand on these pioneering works, taking into account the recent technological advances and particularly the global concern about environmental pollution, which has intensified the research on transient (diesel) engine operation, typically through the Transient Cycles certification of new vehicles.

Download or read book Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-04-14 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For a century, almost all light-duty vehicles (LDVs) have been powered by internal combustion engines operating on petroleum fuels. Energy security concerns about petroleum imports and the effect of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions on global climate are driving interest in alternatives. Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels assesses the potential for reducing petroleum consumption and GHG emissions by 80 percent across the U.S. LDV fleet by 2050, relative to 2005. This report examines the current capability and estimated future performance and costs for each vehicle type and non-petroleum-based fuel technology as options that could significantly contribute to these goals. By analyzing scenarios that combine various fuel and vehicle pathways, the report also identifies barriers to implementation of these technologies and suggests policies to achieve the desired reductions. Several scenarios are promising, but strong, and effective policies such as research and development, subsidies, energy taxes, or regulations will be necessary to overcome barriers, such as cost and consumer choice.

Download or read book Knocking in Gasoline Engines written by Michael Günther and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-21 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book includes the papers presented at the conference discussing approaches to prevent or reliably control knocking and other irregular combustion events. The majority of today’s highly efficient gasoline engines utilize downsizing. High mean pressures produce increased knocking, which frequently results in a reduction in the compression ratio at high specific powers. Beyond this, the phenomenon of pre-ignition has been linked to the rise in specific power in gasoline engines for many years. Charge-diluted concepts with high compression cause extreme knocking, potentially leading to catastrophic failure. The introduction of RDE legislation this year will further grow the requirements for combustion process development, as residual gas scavenging and enrichment to improve the knock limit will be legally restricted despite no relaxation of the need to reach the main center of heat release as early as possible. New solutions in thermodynamics and control engineering are urgently needed to further increase the efficiency of gasoline engines.

Download or read book Advanced Automotive Fault Diagnosis written by Tom Denton and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-08-14 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diagnostics, or fault finding, is a fundamental part of an automotive technician's work, and as automotive systems become increasingly complex there is a greater need for good diagnostic skills. Advanced Automotive Fault Diagnosis is the only book to treat automotive diagnostics as a science rather than a check-list procedure. Each chapter includes basic principles and examples of a vehicle system followed by the appropriate diagnostic techniques, complete with useful diagrams, flow charts, case studies and self-assessment questions. The book will help new students develop diagnostic skills and help experienced technicians improve even further. This new edition is fully updated to the latest technological developments. Two new chapters have been added – On-board diagnostics and Oscilloscope diagnostics – and the coverage has been matched to the latest curricula of motor vehicle qualifications, including: IMI and C&G Technical Certificates and NVQs; Level 4 diagnostic units; BTEC National and Higher National qualifications from Edexcel; International Motor Vehicle qualifications such as C&G 3905; and ASE certification in the USA.

Download or read book Proceedings of the 19th Asia Pacific Automotive Engineering Conference SAE China Congress 2017 Selected Papers written by Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE-China) and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-06 with total page 1158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Proceedings volume gathers outstanding papers submitted to the 19th Asia Pacific Automotive Engineering Conference & 2017 SAE-China Congress, the majority of which are from China – the largest car-maker as well as most dynamic car market in the world. The book covers a wide range of automotive topics, presenting the latest technical advances and approaches to help technicians solve the practical problems that most affect their daily work.

Download or read book Combustion Engines Development written by Günter P. Merker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-24 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combustion Engines Development nowadays is based on simulation, not only of the transient reaction of vehicles or of the complete driveshaft, but also of the highly unsteady processes in the carburation process and the combustion chamber of an engine. Different physical and chemical approaches are described to show the potentials and limits of the models used for simulation.

Download or read book Turbochargers and Turbocharging written by Evangelos G. Giakoumis and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supercharging has long been established as the most successful means to maximise power output from a specific engine size. Through supercharging, the inlet air density is increased, usually by means of a compressor, and by doing so the amount of air trapped in the cylinders is increased accordingly. As a result, efficient burning of a proportionately higher amount of fuel is enabled. By far, the most successful version of supercharging is turbocharging. Here, the expansion in a turbine of the exhaust gases leaving the cylinders supplies the power needed to drive the compressor. At the moment, practically all diesel engines are turbocharged, with a continuously increasing penetration in the highly competitive market of SI-powered vehicles. The current book on turbochargers and turbocharging, comprising fifteen chapters, gathers important and novel research on many modern aspects of turbocharging for all kinds of gasoline and diesel-powered engine applications (automotive, truck, marine and aircraft). For example, characterisation of the value proposition of turbocharged vehicles, marine engines turbo-compounding, fundamental issues of turbocharger lag and its relation with engine-out PM emissions, variable geometric compressors, automotive two-stage turbocharging, and dynamic operation of turbochargers including VGT and surging effects are amongst the topics analysed. Review papers form a very important part of the book, namely the discussion and in-depth analysis of various automotive boosting systems, turbocharger reduced-order modeling, heat transfer and pulsating flows in turbomachinery, mathematical models for turbocharged engines, and turbomachine-based engine throttling. A considerable portion of the book (seven chapters) deals with control-oriented modeling techniques relating to the turbocharger and/or the whole engine power-plant. Such models have proven valuable during the design of both turbochargers and turbocharged engines, and are described and discussed in detail for a variety of automotive and aircraft applications. The book is written for post-graduate students, engineers and researchers in the field of internal combustion engines (diesel and SI) and turbochargers.

Download or read book Automotive Exhaust Emissions and Energy Recovery written by Apostolos Pesiridis and published by Nova Science Pub Incorporated. This book was released on 2014-01-01 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concerns for fuel economy and reduced emissions have turned the attention of automotive internal combustion engine manufacturers to the exhaust system and towards technological system development to account for the significant levels of potential energy that can be recovered. The present volume on Automotive Exhaust Emissions and Energy Recovery for both gasoline and diesel engines is therefore both timely and appropriate. Whereas diesel engines have been predominantly turbocharged, only a relatively small percentage of gasoline engines are similarly equipped, which has led to significant efforts by engine manufacturers in recent years to downsize and down-speed these engines. On the other hand, the relative focus in diesel engine development in terms of emissions and exhaust energy recovery has shifted toward devices other than the turbocharger for enhanced energy recovery and emissions control technologies in order to allow the diesel engines of the future to keep up with the dual-demand for very low emissions and increasing levels of fuel economy. The book focuses on the exhaust system and the technologies and methods used to reduce emissions and increase fuel economy by capitalising on the exhaust gas energy availability (either in the form of gas kinetic energy or as waste heat extracted from the exhaust gas). It is projected that in the short to medium term, advances in exhaust emissions and energy recovery technologies will lead the way in internal combustion engine development and pave the way towards increasing levels of engine hybridisation until fully electric vehicle technology can claim a level of maturity and corresponding market shares to turn the bulk of this focus away from the internal combustion engine. This book is aimed at engine research professionals in the industry and academia, but also towards students of powertrain engineering. The collection of articles in this book reviews the fundamentals of relevance, recent exhaust system technologies, details recent or on-going projects and uncovers future research directions and potentials.