Download or read book A Cytogenetic Analysis of Cutthroat Trout in Yellowstone National Park written by Robert M. Kitchin and published by . This book was released on with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One important goal of fisheries managers is the preservation of the breeding populations of native species. The cutthroat trout, Salmo clarki, is the trout species native to the Rocky Mountains and is found in several independent drainage systems on both sides of the Continental Divide. The cutthroat trout in Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks are among the last representatives of a gene pool which had become well adapted over thousands of years to the environmental conditions prevalent in this area. Non-native trout species, however, have been introduced into this aream in the past with which the native cutthroat trout might hybridize. For the past few years we have been employing both biochemical and cytogenetic techniques to evaluate the taxonomic status and assess the purity of cutthroat trout populations in Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks. The objectives of the cytogenetic portion of this research project were : to compare cytogenetically the cutthroat trout populations present in Yellowstone National Park ; to determine the extent of within individual and between individual variation in the chromosomal constitution of cutthroat trout ; to assess the purity of the existing cutthroat trout populations in Yellowstone National Park by looking for cytogentic evidence of introgression between cutthroat and non-native rainbow trout ; and to evaluate the taxonomic status of the Colorado River cutthroat trout. The report describes the results of the cytogenetic portion of our studies. The results of the electrophoretic studies will be submitted separately by Dr. Loudenslager.

Download or read book A Proposal to Determine the Taxonomic Status of Several Subspecies of Cutthroat Trout Using Biochemical and Cytogenetic Techniques in Yellowstone National Park and Grand Teton National Park written by Eric J. Loudenslager and published by . This book was released on with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several subspecies of cutthroat trout are native to Wyoming. The Snake River, Yellowstone, and Colorado River cutthroats are predominant. Because these fish have evolved in independent drainage, meristic and ecological characteristics have diverged significantly. By using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and differential chromosome staining techniques, the biochemical and cytogenetic differences between cutthroat subspecies will be defined. The objectives of this project are to accomplish the following : locate biochemical markers for populations of each subspecies ; search for suspected chromosomal polymorphisms ; correlate meristic and molecular genetic analyses ; and evaluate the taxonomic status of Salmo clarki ssp. in Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Park. This study has several applications in fishery biology. First, if further developed, biochemical and cytological techniques can become powerful tools in the management of natural fish populations. This enables management of a single breeding population instead of treating all members of a species or subspecies as a large interbreeding aggregate. Secondly, by examining several genetic loci in natural populations can be developed. By combining the results and techniques from this project, management of the cutthroat should be enhanced such that the native stocks can be maintained and yet optimally utilized for selective breeding of hatchery stocks for planting in many Wyoming state waters.

Download or read book Genetic Considerations for the Conservation and Management of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus Clarkii Bouvieri in Yellowstone National Park written by David Joel Janetski and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A key component to conservation is an accurate understanding of genetic subdivision within a species. Despite their ecological and economic importance, relatively little is understood about the genetic structuring of Yellowstone cutthroat trout in Yellowstone National Park. Here, we use traditional (Fst, Rst, Nm, and AMOVA) and modern (Bayesian assignment tests, coalescent theory, and nested clade analysis) analytical approaches to describe the population genetic subdivision of cutthroat trout spawning populations in Yellowstone Lake and to identify genetically distinct population segments throughout Yellowstone National Park. Evidence for restricted gene flow between spawning populations within Yellowstone Lake was detected using nested clade analysis. This is the first molecular evidence for restricted gene flow between spawning populations in Yellowstone Lake. In contrast, traditional methods such as Fst and Rst as well as the Bayesian clustering program STRUCTURE v2.0 failed to detect evidence for restricted gene flow. Across our sampling range within Yellowstone National Park, eleven genetically distinct cutthroat trout population segments were detected. These showed a general pattern of small, isolated populations with low genetic diversity in headwater streams and wide-spread, genetically diverse populations in higher-order rivers. We recommend populations be managed to maintain current levels of genetic diversity and gene flow. Based on the recent decline of and distinct morphological, behavioral, and genetic nature of cutthroat trout in Yellowstone Lake, we recommend the Yellowstone Lake spawning populations collectively be recognized as an evolutionarily significant unit.

Download or read book Mortality Studies on Cutthroat Trout in Yellowstone Lake by Orville P Ball and Oliver B Cope written by Orville P. Ball and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a study of the Yellowstone Lake cutthroat trout, Salmo clarki lewisi, by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, effects of environment on mortality of eggs, immature fish, spawners, and postspawners were measured for various components of the population in Yellowstone Lake (Wyoming). Five methods for estimating mortality of adults on spawning runs are described, with counting and tagging as the principal procedures. Of the total number of eggs deposited in the gravel, 60 to 75 percent died before hatching, and 99.6 percent had died by the time the fingerlings enetered Yellowstone Lake. In Arnica Creek runs, 48.6 percent died in the stream, 40.2 died later in the lake of natural causes, 7.6 were taken by fishermen, and 3.6 percent were alive 2 years later. The white pelican is a serious predator on cutthroat trout in Yellowstone Lake. From 1949 to 1953 fishermen caught 11.6 percent of the catchable trout available to them. Migrations of adult fish in Yellowstone Lake were traced through tagging.

Download or read book The Imperiled Cutthroat written by Greg French and published by Patagonia. This book was released on 2016-05-16 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Yellowstone, the world’s first national park and one of America’s truly great trout fisheries, has been a crucible for ideas on how to look after wild places. Renowned Australian fishing writer Greg French gives a sparkling firsthand account of how the park’s history, landscapes, wildlife, and people have touched anglers worldwide — and why this matters. The Imperiled Cutthroat is a travelogue that covers the story of the Yellowstone cutthroat trout: its discovery, biology, decimation, modern-day allure, and uncertain future. Although set against the dramatic backdrop of Yellowstone, comparisons to Australia, New Zealand, and Europe are inevitable. It is a cautionary tale too, ending up in Mongolia, which is as pristine as Montana once was. The Yellowstone fishery is at a crossroads, and debate about what to do is dangerously narrow. Anglers everywhere need to be constantly reminded that hatcheries are far from a panacea for ailing fisheries: fostering conservation of the natural environmental delivers far better outcomes at a fraction of the cost. The power of Greg’s stories comes not just from the quality of the writing but also from the quirks and passions of the people he meets. Greg's compelling storytelling enthralls anglers and naturalists the world over.

Download or read book Fluctuations in Age Composition and Growth Rate of Cutthroat Trout in Yellowstone Lake written by Ross V. Bulkley and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Age composition, growth rate, and year-class strength of Yellowstone Lake cutthroat trout from collections made in 1948 and from 1950 to 1959 are analyzed to relate total catch changes in age composition and growth rate. An increase in growth rate of fish fully recruited to the fishery and a decrease in percentages of fish belonging to age groups VI and VII are attributed to an increase in fishing pressure. Mean age of the catch varied with year-length of the catch has remained high, suggesting that production is more efficient now than in past years. Maximum equilibrium yield may be near. If the catch continues to increase at the present rate, it may become excessive within the next few years.

Download or read book Natural Variation in Spotting Hyoid Teeth Counts and Coloration of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout written by Ross V. Bulkley and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Differences in hyoid teeth and spotting counts among samples from four related populations of Yellowstone cutthroat trout, Salmo clarki lewisi Girard, reached species and subspecies levels as defined by some workers. Body coloration varied significantly among fish in six spawning runs of Yellowstone Lake, Wyo. The use of coloration, spotting, and hyoid teeth counts in cutthroat trout for taxonomic purposes needs reevalution.

Download or read book Revised Bibliography on the Cutthroat Trout written by Oliver B. Cope and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper is a compilation of 221 abstracts of publications on the biology, culture, distribution, and management of the cutthroat trout, Salmo clarki Richardson. The 1958 publication, "Annotated Bibliography on the Cutthroat Trout," contained 135 abstracts, which have been incorporated with recent ones to form the present report.

Download or read book Genetic Differentiation of Cutthroat Trout Populations in Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks written by Eric J. Loudenslager and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Migrate Mutate Or Die written by Sarah Gandhi-Besbes and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Yellowstone National Park is a relatively pristine ecosystem preserved through time. The Yellowstone cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri population, inhabiting shallower waters in Yellowstone Lake and spawning in its tributaries, has been declining primarily due to the introduction of a predatory fish. The lake trout Salvelinus namaycush, which rapidly grow to large sizes, feed on the Yellowstone cutthroat trout, breed and spawn in Yellowstone Lake, and dwell in deeper waters out of predatory reach. The Yellowstone cutthroat trout is relied upon both directly and indirectly by more than 40 species within Yellowstone National Park. The grizzly bear Ursus arctos horribilis, bald eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus, and osprey Pandion halaetus all feed directly on the spawning fish. This study looks at how the declining Yellowstone cutthroat trout populations affect these predatory populations, and what their populations may look like should current trends continue into the year 2030. Conducting a meta-analysis and collecting primary data allowed for statistical projections predicting and comparing estimated future populations. The ecological change in Yellowstone Lake provides insight into how the concerns of one ecosystem affects multiple.

Download or read book Protection of Native Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout in Yellowstone Lake Yellowstone National Park Wyoming written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Life history Organization of Cutthroat Trout in Yellowstone Lake and Its Management Implications written by Robert E. Gresswell and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life-history organization of the cutthroat trout (Oncorhvnchus clarki) may be viewed at various levels, including species, subspecies, metapopulation, population, or individual. Each level varies in spatial scale and temporal persistence, and components at each level continually change with changes in environment. Cutthroat trout are widely distributed throughout the western USA, and during its evolution the species has organized into fourteen subspecies with many different life-history characteristics and habitat requirements. Within subspecies, organization is equally complex. For example, life-history traits, such as average size and age, migration strategy, and migration timing, vary among individual spawning populations of Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Oncorhvnchus clarki bouvieri) in tributary streams of Yellowstone Lake. In this study specific life-history traits of adfluvial cutthroat trout spawners from Yellowstone Lake were examined in relation to habitat of tributary drainages and subbasins of the lake. Results suggest that stream drainages vary along gradients that can be described by mean aspect, mean elevation, and drainage size. Approximately two-thirds of the variation in the timing of annual cutthroat trout spawning migrations and average size of spawners can be described by third-degree polynomial regressions with mean aspect and elevation as predictor variables. Differences in average size and growth of cutthroat trout suggested metapopulation substructure related spatial heterogeneity of environmental characteristics of individual lake subbasins. Evidence that polytypic species can adapt to heterogenous environments, even within a single lake, has implications for the conservation, restoration, and management of many freshwater fishes. Understanding the consequences of human perturbations on life-history organization is critical for management of the cutthroat trout and other polytypic salmonid species. Loss of diversity at the any hierarchical level jeopardizes long-term ability of the species to adapt to changing environments, and it may also lead to increased fluctuations in abundance and yield and increase risk of extinction. Recent emphasis on a holistic view of natural systems and their management is associated with a growing appreciation of the role of human values in these systems. The recreational fishery for Yellowstone cutthroat trout in Yellowstone National Park is an example of the effects of management on a natural-cultural system. Although angler harvest has been drastically reduced or prohibited, the recreational value of Yellowstone cutthroat trout estimated by angling factors (e.g., landing rate or size) ranks above all other sport species in Yellowstone National Park. To maintain an indigenous fishery resource of this quality with hatchery propagation is not economically or technically feasible. Nonconsumptive uses of the Yellowstone cutthroat trout including fish-watching and intangible values, such as existence demand, provide additional support for protection of wild Yellowstone cutthroat trout populations. A management strategy that reduces resource extraction has provided a means to sustain a quality recreational fishery while enhancing values associated with the protection of natural systems.

Download or read book Informative Correlations Among Metrics of Yellowstone Lake Cutthroat Trout Caught by Two Quantitative Methods Across Three Recent Decades written by Lynn Robert Kaeding and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri (YCT) of Yellowstone Lake, in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, is an iteroparous fish and obligate stream spawner. The size and several other attributes of the annual YCT spawning run in one lake tributary, Clear Creek, have been periodically estimated for several decades. The trends in that run's metrics have been assumed to depict the trends in the lake's YCT population as a whole, although such associations had not been substantiated by statistical analyses. The present study revealed strong correlations between metrics of YCT in the run (years 1977-2007) and of "prespawner" YCT (i.e., mature fish whose excised gonads indicated that the fish would have spawned the next year) caught in gill nets set in various lake locations the preceding fall. Data for both capture methods also revealed a negative effect of spawning population density on YCT somatic growth, which is known to be positively associated with fecundity. This study showed that most metrics of YCT in the Clear Creek spawning run were indicative of those of prespawner YCT in Yellowstone Lake and aided the development of population models that are needed to determine the causal factors in the recent, three-decade population decline of YCT.

Download or read book Equilibrium Yield and Management of Cutthroat Trout in Yellowstone Lake written by Norman Gustaf Benson and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Equilibrium yield of the cutthroat trout, Salmo clarki lewisi Girard, in Yellowstone Lake, Wyo., is determined from data on catch and spawning runs from 1945 to 1961. Changes in growth rate, spawning runs, mortality rates, and year-class strength are related to differences in total catch. Three stages of exploitation of the stock are defined and the maximum safe catch or equilibrium yield is estimated at 325,000 trout. Management of the sport fishery according to equilibrium yield is discussed with reference to regulations, distribution of fishing pressure, planting, and interspecific competition. The Yellowstone River fishery is treated briefly.

Download or read book Habitat Segregation of Cutthroat Trout Phenotypes in the Upper Snake River Yellowstone National Park written by Audrey Squires and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Snake River fine-spotted cutthroat trout (SRC) diverged 10,000-20,000 years ago from the Yellowstone cutthroat trout (YSC). The two exhibit distinct morphological differences based mainly in their unique spotting patterns. Most previous research of the SRC has been related to its value as a fishery species. This research fills a hole in the literature by investigating ecological preferences of the SRC, specifically with respect to habitat, and as compared to the USC. Results suggest that the SRC prefers streams with high discharge. The SRC was found only in the main stem of the Snake River and did not enter tributaries within the study area. Thisis likely due to a combination of the following: (1) the SRC exhibits a genetic preference for faster, larger streams; (2) the SRC has not entered the tributaries because of steeper gradients; )3) the tributaries are too far from the main range of the SRC (Palisades Reservoir to Jackson Lake); (4) the tributaries within the study area are much higher in elevation than the streams within the main range of the SRC. This analysis of the ecological differences between the YSC and the SRC is important to confidently identify the SRC as a distinct subspecies, as it is currently considered undescribed. Moreover, an understanding of habitat preferences will aid conservation and management efforts of key habitat types and hopefully lead to further protection of the cutthroat trout.

Download or read book Ecology and Population Abundance of Cutthroat Trout in the Yellowstone River Yellowstone National Park written by Jack S. Griffith and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Methods for Assessing Cutthroat Trout Range Within Yellowstone National Park written by Kevin Olson and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: