Download or read book A Critical Analysis of the Anti Money Laundering Measures Adopted by BitGold Inc written by Ehi Esoimeme and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PURPOSE - The overriding objective of this study is to increase public and private sector understanding of money laundering and terrorist financing risks associated with internet payment systems with the focus on Virtual Currencies like BitGold as the most vulnerable to abuse because of their popularity, accessibility (to the public), and high volume of cross border trade transactions. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH - The present study critically analyses the Anti-Money Laundering measures adopted by BitGold Inc. BitGold is a consumer-focused internet platform offering free global payments combined with unprecedented access to secure, redeemable gold for savings. BitGold Inc. is a federally chartered Canadian Corporation regarded by Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada as a dealer in precious metals and stones. This paper relies mainly on primary and secondary data drawn from the public domain. It also relies on documentary research and empirical research. FINDINGS - This paper determined that the Anti-Money Laundering measures adopted by BitGold Inc. cannot effectively combat money laundering and terrorist financing.This paper made the following recommendations:i. Verification of customer's identity should also be done via Skype.ii. BitGold's terms and agreement should state expressly the period within which records would be keptiii. BitGold Inc. should create and maintain a comprehensive program to manage the Anti-Money Laundering risks associated with third-party payment processors like Blockchain Limited and Coinbase, Inc.iv. BitGold Customer Due Diligence measures should provide an exemption for low-risk customers.
Download or read book Italy written by International Monetary Fund. Legal Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-02-10 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides a summary of the anti-money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) measures in place in Italy as at the date of the onsite visit. It analyzes the level of compliance with the Financial Action Task Force recommendations and the level of effectiveness of Italy's AML/CFT system, and provides recommendations on how the system could be strengthened. Italy has a mature and sophisticated AML/CFT regime, with a correspondingly well-developed legal and institutional framework. Law enforcement agencies access, use, and develop good quality financial intelligence. Financial sector supervisors have been using a risk-based approach to varying degrees, but their supervisory tools could be improved.
Download or read book Money Laundering Control written by University of London. Institute of Advanced Legal Studies and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Law of Bitcoin written by Stuart Hoegner and published by iUniverse. This book was released on 2015-06-29 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: THE LAW OF BITCOIN is the definitive guide to navigating the rules in the dynamic world of cryptocurrency. This book is the first of its kind delving into cryptocurrency law in four jurisdictions: Canada, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Written by knowledge leaders in the legal cryptocurrency space, THE LAW OF BITCOIN addresses such topics as the intersection of cryptocurrencies and criminal law, taxation, anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing regulations, securities law, consumer protection, negotiable instruments, currency law, and financial regulation. THE LAW OF BITCOIN will be a leading resource and go-to text both for those wishing to understand the basics of how the law affects cryptocurrency and for those in the legal community searching for sophisticated answers to more advanced questions. “It is unique because the authors concisely and objectively explain how Bitcoin and bitcoin are lawfully viewed. They provide relevant, up-to-date clarity in a space that is often nebulous, confusing and filled with conflicting partisan information. The authors arrive at what will likely be unpopular conclusions that are only possible because they are not seeking to defend special interest groups. This includes issues such as fungibility which is handled in a manner that flips the conventional narrative within the Bitcoin community on its head, yet is important for any entrepreneur, developer, investor and user in the nascent space. THE LAW OF BITCOIN is a helpful guide to novices and veterans alike.” —Tim Swanson, author of THE ANATOMY OF A MONEY-LIKE INFORMATIONAL COMMODITY and GREAT CHAIN OF NUMBERS
Download or read book Terrorist Use of Cryptocurrencies written by Cynthia Dion-Schwarz and published by . This book was released on 2019-05-31 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Terrorist organizations might increase use of digital cryptocurrencies to support their activities. RAND researchers consider the needs of such groups and the advantages and disadvantages of the cryptocurrency technologies available to them.
Download or read book The Rise of Digital Money written by Mr.Tobias Adrian and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-07-15 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper marks the launch of a new IMF series, Fintech Notes. Building on years of IMF staff work, it will explore pressing topics in the digital economy and be issued periodically. The series will carry work by IMF staff and will seek to provide insight into the intersection of technology and the global economy. The Rise of Digital Money analyses how technology companies are stepping up competition to large banks and credit card companies. Digital forms of money are increasingly in the wallets of consumers as well as in the minds of policymakers. Cash and bank deposits are battling with so-called e-money, electronically stored monetary value denominated in, and pegged to, a currency like the euro or the dollar. This paper identifies the benefits and risks and highlights regulatory issues that are likely to emerge with a broader adoption of stablecoins. The paper also highlights the risks associated with e-money: potential creation of new monopolies; threats to weaker currencies; concerns about consumer protection and financial stability; and the risk of fostering illegal activities, among others.
Download or read book The Risk Based Approach to Combating Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing written by Ehi Eric Esoimeme and published by . This book was released on 2015-07-21 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Governments around the world have made the fight against money laundering and the financing of terrorism a priority. Among its effort is the implementation of the Financial Action Task Force Recommendations, specifically Recommendation 1. The FATF Recommendations (Recommendation 1) requires that countries mandate financial institutions and designated non-financial businesses and professions (DNFBPs), to adopt a risk-based approach to combating money laundering and terrorist financing. This book aims to provide a clear understanding of what the risk-based approach involves. In addition to this, it differentiates the risk-based approach from the rule-based approach and determines if the risk-based approach interferes with the human rights of high-risk customers.Internationally, this book would be the first comprehensive book on the subject of the Risk-Based Approach. This book would help financial institutions and designated non-financial institutions with any problem regarding the application of the risk-based approach.Financial institutions/DNFBPs who implement the risk-based approach, in line with the guidance given in this book, will be well-placed to avoid the consequences of inappropriate de-risking behaviour. Although there are quite a number of reference guides provided by the Financial Action Task Force to assist firms with the implementation of the risk-based approach. Those publications focus mainly on the risk assessment principles. This book is focused on both the principles and the practical aspect of its application.This book is a must read for every professional specializing in the field of Anti-Money Laundering Compliance. It is also a must read for every individual who intends to know more about the money laundering subject.
Download or read book Virtual Currencies and Beyond written by Mr.Dong He and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-01-20 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New technologies are driving transformational changes in the global financial system. Virtual currencies (VCs) and the underlying distributed ledger systems are among these. VCs offer many potential benefits, but also considerable risks. VCs could raise efficiency and in the long run strengthen financial inclusion. At the same time, VCs could be potential vehicles for money laundering, terrorist financing, tax evasion and fraud. While risks to the conduct of monetary policy seem less likely to arise at this stage given the very small scale of VCs, risks to financial stability may eventually emerge as the new technologies become more widely used. National authorities have begun to address these challenges and will need to calibrate regulation in a manner that appropriately addresses the risks without stifling innovation. As experience is gained, international standards and best practices could be considered to provide guidance on the most appropriate regulatory responses in different fields, thereby promoting harmonization and cooperation across jurisdictions.
Download or read book Distributed Ledger Technology and Digital Assets written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2019-06-01 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report offers an analytical framework that allows for more systemic assessments of distributed ledger technology (DLT) and its applications. It examines the evolution and typology of the emergent technology, its existing and projected applications, and regulatory and policy issues that they entail. This report highlights the trends, concerns, and potential opportunities of DLTs, especially for Asian markets. It also identifies the benefits and risks to using DLT and offers a functional and proportional approach to these issues.
Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of African Law written by Muna Ndulo and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-11-23 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Handbook of African Law provides a comprehensive, critical overview of the contemporary legal terrain in Africa. The international team of expert contributors adopt an analytical and comparative approach so that readers can see the nexus between different jurisdictions and different legal traditions across the continent. The volume is divided into five parts covering: Legal Pluralism and African Legal Systems The State, Institutions, Constitutionalism, and Democratic Governance Economic Development, Technology, Trade, and Investment Human Rights, Gender-Based Violence, and Access to Justice International Law, Institutions, and International Criminal Law Providing important insights into both the specific contexts of African legal systems and the ways in which these legal traditions intersect with the wider world, this handbook will be an essential resource for academics, researchers, lawyers, and graduate and undergraduate students studying this ever-evolving field.
Download or read book A Comparative Study of the Money Laundering Laws Regulations in Nigeria the United States and the United Kingdom written by Ehi Eric Esoimeme and published by . This book was released on 2014-10-09 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) Recommendations set out a comprehensive and consistent framework of measures that countries should implement in order to combat money laundering, terrorist financing and financing of the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. Although countries have followed the advice of the FATF by enacting laws that require financial institutions and designated non-financial businesses and professions (DNFBPs) to implement certain measures that can combat money laundering and terrorist financing, the approaches adopted in these different countries are not identical. This book compares the approaches adopted in Nigeria, the United States and the United Kingdom in relation to reporting requirements, money laundering offences, politically exposed persons, cash couriers, compliance officers, offences of bribery, confiscation measures, customer due-diligence measures, record keeping and level of compliance. The aim of this comparison is to determine what the best approach is-the one that strikes a fair balance between protecting the financial system against money launderers and upholding equality before the law. This book relies mainly on primary and secondary data drawn from the public domain. It also relies on documentary research. The book engages with issues that many either oversimplify or avoid altogether. It admirably met the challenge of reconciling legal, jurisdictional and operational issues akin to money laundering. Of course, full or actual reconciliation is not always possible. Creating an understanding of the complexity of language to help 'finders of fact' register this as a genuine vocational and workable anti-money laundering commodity and professional resource was but one crucial challenge ably achieved. One cannot reduce issues of law and acquisitive financial crime to a state of simplicity that does not exist. Equally, money laundering, being such an amorphous entity as a crime, is arguably de facto immeasurable in a full and real sense. Many texts address specific points of reference and requisite money laundering criminality, but here we see a splendidly holistic approach to presenting answers to the questions it poses. Writing a widely acceptable book on the massive issue of money laundering and the fragmented state of the law across key jurisdictions-as in Nigeria, the United Kingdom and the United States of America-needs order and method, as well as a flexible and running thread to connect cohesion and meaning to it all. This book provides this. The comparatives and overlaps are well presented and neatly contextualized to keep them proportionate. The highest quality grasp of legal theory resonates throughout. Current challenges are clear, and future remedies and workable answers and methods and polices are explained or hinted at. The book encourages conceptual thought as well as finite and robust guidance for learning. In essence, what we have in this superb text is clarity and not mere description of the challenges and issues it addresses. Therefore you, as either a fellow professional or an infrequent but interested observer of money laundering, knowing what money laundering is, how it has advanced more than ever with new ways, what it causes and how we attempt to govern this massive spectre of crime legally and operationally, cannot help but benefit from this book-whatever your vocation or whatever part you have in combating it.
Download or read book Organized Crime Money Laundering written by William B. Z. Vukson and published by G.7 Report. This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the globalization of finance and the speed of electronic transactions, the world's leading nations are leading the battle against the money laundering activities of organized crime. Two of the world's leading organized crime journalists, Antonio Nicaso and Lee Lamothe, are major contributors to the book, which investigates the Japanese underworld, counterfeiting, Russian organized crime and the global influence of the Mafia. The highlight of this new book, however, is an interview with Giulio Andreotti, the disgraced former Prime Minister of Italy, whose arrest and conviction so controversially brought the issue of organized crime to the attention of the world.
Download or read book The Puppet Masters written by Emile van der Does de Willebois and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2011-11-01 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines the use of these entities in nearly all cases of corruption. It builds upon case law, interviews with investigators, corporate registries and financial institutions and a 'mystery shopping' exercise to provide evidence of this criminal practice.
Download or read book Bitcoin written by Congressional Research Service and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-01-28 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bitcoin first appeared in January 2009, the creation of a computer programmer using the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto. His invention is an open-source (its controlling computer code is open to public view), peer-to-peer (transactions do not require a third-party intermediary such as PayPal or Visa) digital currency (being electronic with no physical manifestation). The Bitcoin system is private, with no traditional financial institutions involved in transactions. Unlike earlier digital currencies that had some central controlling person or entity, the Bitcoin network is completely decentralized, with all parts of transactions performed by the users of the system. With a Bitcoin transaction there is no third-party intermediary. The buyer and seller interact directly (peer to peer), but their identities are encrypted and no personal information is transferred from one to the other. However, unlike a fully anonymous transaction, there is a transaction record. A full transaction record of every Bitcoin and every Bitcoin user's encrypted identity is maintained on the public ledger. For this reason, Bitcoin transactions are thought to be pseudonymous, not anonymous. Although the scale of Bitcoin use has increased substantially, it still remains small in comparison to traditional electronic payments systems, such as credit cards, and the use of dollars as a circulating currency. Congress is interested in Bitcoin because of concerns about its use in illegal money transfers, concerns about its effect on the ability of the Federal Reserve to meet its objectives (of stable prices, maximum employment, and financial stability), and concerns about the protection of consumers and investors who might use Bitcoin. Bitcoin offers users the advantages of lower transaction costs, increased privacy, and long-term protection of loss of purchasing power from inflation. However, it also has a number of disadvantages that could hinder wider use. These include sizable volatility of the price of Bitcoins, uncertain security from theft and fraud, and a long-term deflationary bias that encourages the hoarding of Bitcoins. In addition, Bitcoin raises a number of legal and regulatory concerns, including its potential for facilitating money laundering, its treatment under federal securities law, and its status in the regulation of foreign exchange trading.
Download or read book Bitcoin and Beyond written by Malcolm Campbell-Verduyn and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-28 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the launch of Bitcoin in 2009 several hundred different ‘cryptocurrencies’ have been developed and become accepted for a wide variety of transactions in leading online commercial marketplaces and the ‘sharing economy’, as well as by more traditional retailers, manufacturers, and even by charities and political parties. Bitcoin and its competitors have also garnered attention for their wildly fluctuating values as well as implication in international money laundering, Ponzi schemes and online trade in illicit goods and services across borders. These and other controversies surrounding cryptocurrencies have induced varying governance responses by central banks, government ministries, international organizations, and industry regulators worldwide. Besides formal attempts to ban Bitcoin, there have been multifaceted efforts to incorporate elements of blockchains, the peer-to-peer technology underlying cryptocurrencies, in the wider exchange, recording, and broadcasting of digital transactions. Blockchains are being mobilized to support and extend an array of governance activities. The novelty and breadth of growing blockchain-based activities have fuelled both utopian promises and dystopian fears regarding applications of the emergent technology to Bitcoin and beyond. This volume brings scholars of anthropology, economics, Science and Technology Studies, and sociology together with GPE scholars in assessing the actual implications posed by Bitcoin and blockchains for contemporary global governance. Its interdisciplinary contributions provide academics, policymakers, industry practitioners and the general public with more nuanced understandings of technological change in the changing character of governance within and across the borders of nation-states.
Download or read book Fintech written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-06-27 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper finds that while there are important regional and national differences, countries are broadly embracing the opportunities of fintech to boost economic growth and inclusion, while balancing risks to stability and integrity.
Download or read book Technology and Anti money Laundering written by Dionysios S. Demetis and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: . . . a stimulating look at the hard work done in many specialisms that collectively seek to combat money laundering. Sally Ramage, The Criminal Lawyer While there is much noise about the control of money laundering, there are few whose work is able to rise above the din and in clear notes contribute in a constructive manner to the debate. This work is not only an intelligent discussion of many of the substantive issues relating to the control of money laundering, but a great deal more. Drawing on systems theory and seeing the control of money laundering particularly from the standpoint of technology as complex and integral to the proper and effective operation of financial institutions, the author addresses in a novel and practical way the design and management of risk based compliance. The theory is tested, not only in terms of viable technology, but also in an actual case study involving real issues in a bank. Consequently, those concerned with the formulation of policy, the design of controls and procedures and the implementation of such will find the contribution that this book makes of great significance. Barry Rider, Bryan Cave LLP, UK This book avoids the usual trap of interminably listing AML war stories. Instead Dr. Demetis presents a solid theoretical foundation for AML research and practice. He gives a damning critique of the way so-called technological solutions are used uncritically by some AML professionals, and analyses the risk-based approach, describing its problems and ways of avoiding them. He presents a fascinating in-depth case study of a financial institution, and a short case of a bank using technology to improve its True Positive Rate substantially to 17 per cent. Ian Angell, London School of Economics, UK Dr Demetis makes a great contribution to our understanding of anti-money laundering at both a systems and practical level. [He] writes as someone who not only thinks deeply about these issues but, as the in-depth case examples show, has tried to see how far technology can address some audacious goals. Readers will learn that while risk-based approaches to anti-money laundering have been an interesting regulatory development, practical implementation, despite the hype of technology vendors, is still at a primordial state . Michael Mainelli, Gresham College and Z/YEN Group, UK This insightful book examines the influence of information systems on anti-money laundering (AML). It builds on systems theory in order to develop a coherent theoretical framework that can be used for AML research. By using a case study of a major financial institution in the EU-area, a number of technological influences on AML are deconstructed and are used to examine the role that technology plays within AML. The book provides a systems theoretical description of the effects of technology on AML and offers considerations on the risk-based approach the most important contemporary evolution within regulatory initiatives on AML and terrorism financing. Technology and Anti-Money Laundering will appeal to researchers of financial crime and AML as well as those interested in information systems and systems theory. A number of considerations for practitioners are also discussed, including the risk-based approach and the integration of AML-technology in financial institutions, as well as an important data-mining application. Money Laundering Reporting Officers (MLROs) in financial institutions and central bankers will also find much of interest in this book.
