Download or read book A Coupled Geomechanics and Reservoir Simulator and Its Application to Reservoir Development Strategies written by Chao Gao (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new Coupled Geomechanics and Reservoir Simulator, CGRS, and a wellbore stability model, WSM, are utilized to provide dynamic infill drilling strategies - where to drill, when to drill and how to drill - that greatly improve upon the traditional constant stress path method. The stress path, defined as the ratio of the change of far-field horizontal stress to change of pore pressure, has a profound influence on wellbore stability while drilling in a depleted reservoir. Based on the common assumptions of uniaxial strain and homogenous depletion, the traditional analytical stress path solution is a function of Biot's coefficient and Poisson's ratio. Pore pressure depletion, however, is location and time dependent, not homogeneous. Thus, the objective of this study is to analyze the wellbore stability of infill wells with a coupled geomechanics and reservoir simulator. Two wellbore stability models, first a conventional wellbore stability model (CWSM) and second a Coupled Geomechanics and Reservoir Simulator Wellbore Stability Model (CGRS-WSM), were developed. For CWSM, the analytical stress path solution is applied to get updated far-field horizontal stresses. CGRS-WSM, however, does not require changes in far-field horizontal stress with pressure depletion. Rather, CGRS gives the stress field of the whole reservoir, and those stress components at a specific point in Cartesian coordinates are used directly in CGRS-WSM to calculate the mud weight window. For CGRS, an in-house coupled geomechanics and reservoir simulator is developed that considers lateral displacements and inhomogeneous depletion of the reservoir. In addition, an Abaqus model is also developed to analyze the influence of plasticity and stress arching on pore pressure and stress change during depletion, which are used in CGRS-WSM to investigate wellbore stability. Different shear failure criteria are utilized in a new CGRS wellbore stability model. The upper bounds of shear failure are given by Drucker-Prager Inscribes and Griffith Theory, while the lower bound is given by Drucker-Prager Circumscribe. Several case studies for drilling in a depleted reservoir compare CWSM with CGRS-WSM. There is a significant difference in the two maximum mud weights, with operational consequences, for example, as related to potential lost circulation problems. For some examples, the narrower mud weight from CGRS-WSM, as compared to CWSM, is a more realistic unsafe region warning. CGRS-WSM can quantify the influence of azimuth on the minimum and the maximum mud weight during the depletion when initial maximum horizontal stress equals minimum horizontal stress. In addition, CGRS-WSM can give the output of a location-dependent mud weight map for the entire reservoir. Neither of the above two functions can be realized by a conventional wellbore stability model. The CGRS-WSM in this work is a significant step in drilling infill wells in depleted zones, owing to its ability to quantify horizontal displacements, inhomogeneous depletion, plasticity, and stress arching, which cannot be done with the traditional analytical stress path procedure. Moreover, the connection of a coupled geomechanics and reservoir simulator with a wellbore stability simulator provides dynamic information useful to quantify where to drill, when to drill and how to drill. This new model can be used to investigate 'what if' scenarios, parameter sensitivity studies, case study reviews, and previously drilled well critiques

Download or read book Development and Application of a Coupled Geomechanics Model for a Parallel Compositional Reservoir Simulator written by Feng Pan (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For a stress-sensitive or stress-dependent reservoir, the interactions between its seepage field and in situ stress field are complex and affect hydrocarbon recovery. A coupled geomechanics and fluid-flow model can capture these relations between the fluid and solid, thereby presenting more precise history matchings and predictions for better well planning and reservoir management decisions. A traditional reservoir simulator cannot adequately or fully represent the ongoing coupled fluid-solid interactions during the production because of using the simplified update-formulation for porosity and the static absolute permeability during simulations. Many researchers have studied multiphase fluid-flow models coupled with geomechanics models during the past fifteen years. The purpose of this research is to develop a coupled geomechanics and compositional model and apply it to problems in the oil recovery processes. An equation of state compositional simulator called the General Purpose Adaptive Simulator (GPAS) is developed at The University of Texas at Austin and uses finite difference / finite control volume methods for the solution of its governing partial differential equations (PDEs). GPAS was coupled with a geomechanics model developed in this research, which uses a finite element method for discretization of the associated PDEs. Both the iteratively coupled solution procedure and the fully coupled solution procedure were implemented to couple the geomechanics and reservoir simulation modules in this work. Parallelization, testing, and verification for the coupled model were performed on parallel clusters of high-performance workstations. MPI was used for the data exchange in the iteratively coupled procedure. Different constitutive models were coded into GPAS to describe complicated behaviors of linear or nonlinear deformation in the geomechanics model. In addition, the geomechanics module was coupled with the dual porosity model in GPAS to simulate naturally fractured reservoirs. The developed coupled reservoir and geomechanics simulator was verified using analytical solutions. Various reservoir simulation case studies were carried out using the coupled geomechanics and GPAS modules.

Download or read book Development and Application of a Coupled Geomechanics Model for a Parallel Compositional Reservoir Simulator written by Feng Pan and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For a stress-sensitive or stress-dependent reservoir, the interactions between its seepage field and in situ stress field are complex and affect hydrocarbon recovery. A coupled geomechanics and fluid-flow model can capture these relations between the fluid and solid, thereby presenting more precise history matchings and predictions for better well planning and reservoir management decisions. A traditional reservoir simulator cannot adequately or fully represent the ongoing coupled fluid-solid interactions during the production because of using the simplified update-formulation for porosity and the static absolute permeability during simulations. Many researchers have studied multiphase fluid-flow models coupled with geomechanics models during the past fifteen years. The purpose of this research is to develop a coupled geomechanics and compositional model and apply it to problems in the oil recovery processes. An equation of state compositional simulator called the General Purpose Adaptive Simulator (GPAS) is developed at The University of Texas at Austin and uses finite difference / finite control volume methods for the solution of its governing partial differential equations (PDEs). GPAS was coupled with a geomechanics model developed in this research, which uses a finite element method for discretization of the associated PDEs. Both the iteratively coupled solution procedure and the fully coupled solution procedure were implemented to couple the geomechanics and reservoir simulation modules in this work. Parallelization, testing, and verification for the coupled model were performed on parallel clusters of high-performance workstations. MPI was used for the data exchange in the iteratively coupled procedure. Different constitutive models were coded into GPAS to describe complicated behaviors of linear or nonlinear deformation in the geomechanics model. In addition, the geomechanics module was coupled with the dual porosity model in GPAS to simulate naturally fractured reservoirs. The developed coupled reservoir and geomechanics simulator was verified using analytical solutions. Various reservoir simulation case studies were carried out using the coupled geomechanics and GPAS modules.

Download or read book Geomechanics in Reservoir Simulation written by Pascal Longuemare and published by Editions TECHNIP. This book was released on 2002 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Development of a Compositional Model Fully Coupled with Geomechanics and Its Application to Tight Oil Reservoir Simulation written by Yi Xiong and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Use of Streamline Simulation in Large Scale Reservoir geomechanical Modeling of Reservoirs written by Behrooz Koohmareh Hosseini and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing demand for hydrocarbons and decreasing reserves have created the necessity to produce oil and gas more efficiently and economically. Increasingly, oil and gas companies are focusing on unconventional hydrocarbons; oil sands, shales and CBM. For this class of reservoir materials, the geomechanical response of the reservoir can play an important role in the recovery process. For naturally fractured, stress sensitive reservoirs or thermal recovery processes, geomechanical processes play an even greater role in efficient, economic recovery. For simulations of these processes, most research efforts have been focused on reservoir geomechanical simulations using conventional reservoir simulators coupled to geomechanical codes. While coupled reservoir-geomechanics modeling has been recently widely studied in the literature, there is no applicable methodology implemented or proposed to mitigate the challenging computational cost involved with the inclusion of geomechanics in large multimillion-cell reservoirs. Past studies so far have focused on different coupling schemes, but not on the efficient and robust simulation workflows. This research was conducted with the aim of development and application of various different strategies to include geomechanics into reservoir simulation workflows in large scale reservoirs and in a timely fashion process. The research was performed to allow the future simulators to perform high resolution reservoir-geomechanical simulations in a large scale (near field and far field) with long simulation time windows and lowest computational cost. Initially, analytical proxies were developed and recommending for implementation in lieu of complex reservoir simulations. The analytical model was for prediction of heavy oil geomechanical responses everywhere in the reservoir. The model adopted the use of the mathematical domain decomposition technique and a novel temperature front tracking developed in the very early stage of the research. As opposed to classical analytical models, the proxy predicted reservoir flow and mechanical behavior (on a synthetic case geometry with real hydraulic data) everywhere in the reservoir and in dynamic and transient flow regimes. Subsequent research was aimed at reservoir-geomechanics coupled model order reduction by use of a numerical proxy. The proxy took advantage of streamline linear space behavior and power in decomposition of the reservoir domain into sub-systems (delineation/drainage areas). The combination of localization and linearization allowed predicting both mechanical and fluid flow responses of the reservoir with only solving the pressure equation in Cartesian underlying 3D grids and the solution of saturation transport equation along only one streamline. Following this, a streamline-based reservoir-geomechanics coupling was proposed and was implemented within a Fortran-C++ based platform. The new developed technique was compared in terms of computational cost and results accuracy with the conventional hydromechanical coupling strategy that was developed on a C++ based platform by use of collocated FV-FEM discretization scheme. One of the final stages of the research explored different streamline-based reservoir-geomechanics coupling strategies for full-field reservoir simulations. Various coupling strategies including sequential coupling schemes and a semi-fully coupling scheme to embed geomechanics into streamline simulation workflow was developed and performed. Numerical software with advanced GUI was coded on QT programming language (C++ based) developed to couple mechanical simulator to streamline simulation engine. While streamline simulations were the center of the research, the last stage of research was conducted on numerical and physical stability, convergence and material balance errors of SL-based reservoir-geomechanics class of couplings. The results provided a solid foundation for proper selection of time-steps in SL-based coupling to ensure a numerically stable and physically robust hydromechanical simulation. As a result we showed that use of streamline simulation in both proxy forms and simulator forms have significant added value in full-field reservoir-geomechanics simulations.

Download or read book Advanced Petroleum Reservoir Simulation written by M. R. Islam and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-07-20 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of the original volume adds significant new innovations for revolutionizing the processes and methods used in petroleum reservoir simulations. With the advent of shale drilling, hydraulic fracturing, and underbalanced drilling has come a virtual renaissance of scientific methodologies in the oil and gas industry. New ways of thinking are being pioneered, and Dr. Islam and his team have, for years now, been at the forefront of these important changes. This book clarifies the underlying mathematics and physics behind reservoir simulation and makes it easy to have a range of simulation results along with their respective probability. This makes the risk analysis based on knowledge rather than guess work. The book offers by far the strongest tool for engineers and managers to back up reservoir simulation predictions with real science. The book adds transparency and ease to the process of reservoir simulation in way never witnessed before. Finally, No other book provides readers complete access to the 3D, 3-phase reservoir simulation software that is available with this text. A must-have for any reservoir engineer or petroleum engineer working upstream, whether in exploration, drilling, or production, this text is also a valuable textbook for advanced students and graduate students in petroleum or chemical engineering departments.

Download or read book Advanced Petroleum Reservoir Simulation written by M. R. Islam and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-10-26 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Petroleum Reservoir Simulation Add precision and ease to the process of reservoir simulation. Until simulation software and other methods of reservoir characterization were developed, engineers had to drill numerous wells to find the best way to extract crude oil and natural gas. Today, even with highly sophisticated reservoir simulations software available, reservoir simulation still involves a great deal of guesswork. Advanced Petroleum Reservoir Simulation provides an advanced approach to petroleum reservoir simulation, taking the guesswork out of the process and relying more thoroughly on science and what is known about the individual reservoir. This state of the art publication in petroleum simulation: Describes solution techniques that allow multiple solutions to the complete equations, without linearization. Solves the most difficult reservoir engineering problems such as viscous fingering. Highlights the importance of non-linear solvers on decision tree with scientific argument. Discusses solution schemes in relation to other disciplines and revolutionizes risk analysis and decision making. Includes companion software with 3-D, 3-phase multipurpose simulator code available for download from www.scrivenerpublishing.com. By providing a valuable tool to support reservoir simulation predictions with real science, this book is an essential reference for engineers, scientists and geologists.

Download or read book Integrated Reservoir Asset Management written by John Fanchi and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2010-07-19 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All too often, senior reservoir managers have found that their junior staff lack an adequate understanding of reservoir management techniques and best practices needed to optimize the development of oil and gas fields. Written by an expert professional/educator, Integrated Reservoir Asset Management introduces the reader to the processes and modeling paradigms needed to develop the skills to increase reservoir output and profitability and decrease guesswork. One of the only references to recognize the technical diversity of modern reservoir management teams, Fanchi seamlessly brings together concepts and terminology, creating an interdisciplinary approach for solving everyday problems. The book starts with an overview of reservoir management, fluids, geological principles used to characterization, and two key reservoir parameters (porosity and permeability). This is followed by an uncomplicated review of multi-phase fluid flow equations, an overview of the reservoir flow modeling process and fluid displacement concepts. All exercises and case studies are based on the authors 30 years of experience and appear at the conclusion of each chapter with hints in addition of full solutions. In addition, the book will be accompanied by a website featuring supplementary case studies and modeling exercises which is supported by an author generated computer program. - Straightforward methods for characterizing subsurface environments - Effortlessly gain and understanding of rock-fluid interaction relationships - An uncomplicated overview of both engineering and scientific processes - Exercises at the end of each chapter to demonstrate correct application - Modeling tools and additional exercise are included on a companion website

Download or read book Principles of Applied Reservoir Simulation written by John R. Fanchi and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2018-06-05 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reservoir engineers today need to acquire more complex reservoir management and modeling skills. Principles of Applied Reservoir Simulation, Fourth Edition, continues to provide the fundamentals on these topics for both early and seasoned career engineers and researchers. Enhanced with more practicality and with a focus on more modern reservoir simulation workflows, this vital reference includes applications to not only traditional oil and gas reservoir problems but specialized applications in geomechanics, coal gas modelling, and unconventional resources. Strengthened with complementary software from the author to immediately apply to the engineer's projects, Principles of Applied Reservoir Simulation, Fourth Edition, delivers knowledge critical for today's basic and advanced reservoir and asset management. - Gives hands-on experience in working with reservoir simulators and links them to other petroleum engineering activities - Teaches on more specific reservoir simulation issues such as run control, tornado plot, linear displacement, fracture and cleat systems, and modern modelling workflows - Updates on more advanced simulation practices like EOR, petrophysics, geomechanics, and unconventional reservoirs

Download or read book Geomechanical effects on petroleum reservoir simulations written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simuladores de escoamento em reservatórios são ferramentas importantes na otimização do desenvolvimento de um campo de petróleo. Estes simuladores modelam o escoamento multifásico através de meios porosos compressíveis, levando em conta as equações de equilíbrio de fases, as leis de fluxo e a variação volumétrica do meio poroso associada à variação da pressão de poros do sistema. As tensões in situ são consideradas através da aplicação de tensões constantes no contorno do reservatório. Este trabalho descreve a utilização de um simulador convencional de reservatório, baseado em diferenças finitas com e sem um módulo geomecânico, e a utilização de um simulador acoplado, queresolve as equações de escoamento e de tensão num mesmo código de elementos finitos. Nesta dissertação são feitas comparações entre os modelos geomecânicos aproximado e rigoroso oferecidos pelos simuladores comerciais, além de ser apresentada uma análise de situações em que esta última forma deve ser realmente considerada. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a influência das tensões in situ em reservatórios de petróleo com base na comparação entreos campos de poropressões obtidos a partir da modelagem de um mesmo sistema com os dois simuladores geomecânicos. São apresentadas as formas de acoplamento e a formulação utilizada em cada um dos modelos. Os modelos geomecânicos utilizados em cada um dos simuladores são comparados. É feita uma comparação entre os resultados obtidos pelos dois simuladores a partir de um modelo bidimensional.

Download or read book Modern Advances in Software and Solution Algorithms for Reservoir Simulation written by Rami Mustafa Younis and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As conventional hydrocarbon resources dwindle, and environmentally-driven markets start to form and mature, investments are expected to shift into the development of novel emerging subsurface process technologies. While these processes are characterized by a high commercial potential, they are also typically associated with high technical risk. The time-to-market along comparable development pipelines, such as for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) methods in the Oil and Gas sector, is on the order of tens of years. It is anticipated that in the near future, there will be much value in developing simulation tools that can shorten time-to-market cycles, making investment shifts more attractive. There are two forces however that may debilitate us from delivering simulation as a scientific discovery tool. The first force is the growing nonlinearity of the problem base. The second force is the flip-side of a double edged sword; a rapidly evolving computer architecture scene. The first part of this work concerns the formulation and linearization of nonlinear simultaneous equations; the archetypal inflexible component of all large scale simulators. The proposed solution is an algorithmic framework and library of data-types called the Automatically Differentiable Expression Templates Library (ADETL). The ADETL provides generic representations of variables and discretized expressions on a simulation grid, and the data-types provide algorithms employed behind the scenes to automatically compute the sparse analytical Jacobian. Using the library, large-scale simulators can be developed rapidly by simply writing the residual equations, and without any hand differentiation, hand crafted performance tuning loops, or any other low-level constructs. A key challenge that is addressed is in enabling this level of abstraction and programming ease while making it easy to develop code that runs fast. Faster than any of several existing automatic differentiation packages, faster than any purely Object Oriented implementation, and at least in the order of the execution speed of code delivered by a development team with hand-optimized residuals, analytical derivatives, and Jacobian assembly routines. A second challenge is in providing a generic multi-layered software framework that incorporates plug-in low-level constructs tuned to emerging architectures. The inception of the ADETL spurred an effort to develop the new generation AD-GPRS simulator, which we use to demonstrate the powers of the ADETL. We conclude with a thought towards a future where simulators can write themselves. The second part of this work develops nonlinear methods that can exploit the nature of the underlying physics to deal with the current and upcoming challenges in physical nonlinearity. The Fully Implicit Method offers unconditional stability of the discrete approximations. This stability comes at the expense of transferring the inherent physical stiffness onto the coupled nonlinear residual equations that are solved at each timestep. Current reservoir simulators apply safe-guarded variants of Newton's method that can neither guarantee convergence, nor provide estimates of the relation between convergence rate and timestep size. In practice, timestep chops become necessary, and they are guided heuristically. With growing complexity, convergence difficulties can lead to substantial losses in computational effort and prohibitively small timesteps. We establish an alternate class of nonlinear iteration that converges and that associates a timestep to each iteration. Moreover, the linear solution process within each iteration is performed locally. Several challenging examples are presented, and the results demonstrate the robustness and computational efficiency of the proposed class of methods. We conclude with thoughts to unify timestepping and iterative nonlinear methods.

Download or read book Linear Solution Techniques for Reservoir Simulation with Fully Coupled Geomechanics written by Sergey Klevtsov and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Unconventional Tight Reservoir Simulation Theory Technology and Practice written by Qiquan Ran and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-14 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book systematically introduces readers to the simulation theory and techniques of multiple media for unconventional tight reservoirs. It summarizes the macro/microscopic heterogeneities; the features of multiscale multiple media; the characteristics of complex fluid properties; the occurrence state of continental tight oil and gas reservoirs in China; and the complex flow characteristics and coupled production mechanism under unconventional development patterns. It also discusses the simulation theory of multiple media for unconventional tight oil and gas reservoirs; mathematic model of flow through discontinuous multiple media; geological modeling of discrete multiscale multiple media; and the simulation of multiscale, multiphase flow regimes and multiple media. In addition to the practical application of simulation and software for unconventional tight oil and gas, it also explores the development trends and prospects of simulation technology. The book is of interest to scientific researchers and technicians engaged in the development of oil and gas reservoirs, and serves as a reference resource for advanced graduate students in fields related to petroleum.

Download or read book Petroleum Reservoir Simulation written by J.H. Abou-Kassem and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-01-14 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Petroleum Reservoir Simulation, Second Edition, introduces this novel engineering approach for petroleum reservoir modeling and operations simulations. Updated with new exercises, a new glossary and a new chapter on how to create the data to run a simulation, this comprehensive reference presents step-by-step numerical procedures in an easy to understand format. Packed with practical examples and guidelines, this updated edition continues to deliver an essential tool for all petroleum and reservoir engineers. - Includes new exercises, a glossary and references - Bridges research and practice with guidelines on introducing basic reservoir simulation parameters, such as history matching and decision tree content - Helps readers apply knowledge with assistance on how to prepare data files to run a reservoir simulator

Download or read book Reservoir Engineering written by Sylvester Okotie and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-22 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a clear and basic understanding of the concept of reservoir engineering to professionals and students in the oil and gas industry. The content contains detailed explanations of key theoretic and mathematical concepts and provides readers with the logical ability to approach the various challenges encountered in daily reservoir/field operations for effective reservoir management. Chapters are fully illustrated and contain numerous calculations involving the estimation of hydrocarbon volume in-place, current and abandonment reserves, aquifer models and properties for a particular reservoir/field, the type of energy in the system and evaluation of the strength of the aquifer if present. The book is written in oil field units with detailed solved examples and exercises to enhance practical application. It is useful as a professional reference and for students who are taking applied and advanced reservoir engineering courses in reservoir simulation, enhanced oil recovery and well test analysis.

Download or read book Geomechanics and Fluidodynamics written by Victor N. Nikolaevskiy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1995-12-31 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph is based on subsurface hydrodynamics and applied geomechanics and places them in a unifying framework. It focuses on the understanding of physical and mechanical properties of geomaterials by presenting mathematical models of deformation and fracture with related experiments.