Download or read book A Characterization of Distance regular Graphs with Diameter Three written by E. R. van Dam and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Distance Regular Graphs written by Andries E. Brouwer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ever since the discovery of the five platonic solids in ancient times, the study of symmetry and regularity has been one of the most fascinating aspects of mathematics. Quite often the arithmetical regularity properties of an object imply its uniqueness and the existence of many symmetries. This interplay between regularity and symmetry properties of graphs is the theme of this book. Starting from very elementary regularity properties, the concept of a distance-regular graph arises naturally as a common setting for regular graphs which are extremal in one sense or another. Several other important regular combinatorial structures are then shown to be equivalent to special families of distance-regular graphs. Other subjects of more general interest, such as regularity and extremal properties in graphs, association schemes, representations of graphs in euclidean space, groups and geometries of Lie type, groups acting on graphs, and codes are covered independently. Many new results and proofs and more than 750 references increase the encyclopaedic value of this book.

Download or read book Bipartite Distance Regular Graphs of Diameter Four written by Junbo Huang and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using a method by Godsil and Roy, bipartite distance-regular graphs of diameter four can be used to construct $\{0,\alpha\}$-sets, a generalization of the widely applied equiangular sets and mutually unbiased bases. In this thesis, we study the properties of these graphs. There are three main themes of the thesis. The first is the connection between bipartite distance-regular graphs of diameter four and their halved graphs, which are necessarily strongly regular. We derive formulae relating the parameters of a graph of diameter four to those of its halved graphs, and use these formulae to derive a necessary condition for the point graph of a partial geometry to be a halved graph. Using this necessary condition, we prove that several important families of strongly regular graphs cannot be halved graphs. The second theme is the algebraic properties of the graphs. We study Krein parameters as the first part of this theme. We show that bipartite-distance regular graphs of diameter four have one "special" Krein parameter, denoted by $\krein$. We show that the antipodal bipartite distance-regular graphs of diameter four with $\krein=0$ are precisely the Hadamard graphs. In general, we show that a bipartite distance-regular graph of diameter four satisfies $\krein=0$ if and only if it satisfies the so-called $Q$-polynomial property. In relation to halved graphs, we derive simple formulae for computing the Krein parameters of a halved graph in terms of those of the bipartite graph. As the second part of the algebraic theme, we study Terwilliger algebras. We describe all the irreducible modules of the complex space under the Terwilliger algebra of a bipartite distance-regular graph of diameter four, and prove that no irreducible module can contain two linearly independent eigenvectors of the graph with the same eigenvalue. Finally, we study constructions and bounds of $\{0,\alpha\}$-sets as the third theme. We present some distance-regular graphs that provide new constructions of $\{0,\alpha\}$-sets. We prove bounds for the sizes of $\{0,\alpha\}$-sets of flat vectors, and characterize all the distance-regular graphs that yield $\{0,\alpha\}$-sets meeting the bounds at equality. We also study bipartite covers of linear Cayley graphs, and present a geometric condition and a coding theoretic condition for such a cover to produce $\{0,\alpha\}$-sets. Using simple operations on graphs, we show how new $\{0,\alpha\}$-sets can be constructed from old ones.

Download or read book Spectra of Graphs written by Andries E. Brouwer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-12-17 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives an elementary treatment of the basic material about graph spectra, both for ordinary, and Laplace and Seidel spectra. The text progresses systematically, by covering standard topics before presenting some new material on trees, strongly regular graphs, two-graphs, association schemes, p-ranks of configurations and similar topics. Exercises at the end of each chapter provide practice and vary from easy yet interesting applications of the treated theory, to little excursions into related topics. Tables, references at the end of the book, an author and subject index enrich the text. Spectra of Graphs is written for researchers, teachers and graduate students interested in graph spectra. The reader is assumed to be familiar with basic linear algebra and eigenvalues, although some more advanced topics in linear algebra, like the Perron-Frobenius theorem and eigenvalue interlacing are included.

Download or read book Distance In Graphs written by Fred Buckley and published by Addison Wesley Publishing Company. This book was released on 1990-01-21 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Regular T graphs Antipodal Distance Regular Graphs of Diameter 3 and Related Combinatorial Structures written by Daniel Kalmanovich and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Algebraic Graph Theory written by Chris Godsil and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-04-20 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is primarily aimed at graduate students and researchers in graph theory, combinatorics, or discrete mathematics in general. However, all the necessary graph theory is developed from scratch, so the only pre-requisite for reading it is a first course in linear algebra and a small amount of elementary group theory. It should be accessible to motivated upper-level undergraduates.

Download or read book Strongly Regular Graphs written by Andries E. Brouwer and published by . This book was released on 2022-01-13 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph on strongly regular graphs is an invaluable reference for anybody working in algebraic combinatorics.

Download or read book Algebraic Combinatorics written by Eiichi Bannai and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2021-02-22 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This series is devoted to the publication of high-level monographs which cover the whole spectrum of current discrete mathematics and its applications in various fields. One of its main objectives is to make available to the professional community expositions of results and foundations of methods that play an important role in both the theory and applications of discrete mathematics. Contributions which are on the borderline of discrete mathematics and related fields and which stimulate further research at the crossroads of these areas are particularly welcome.

Download or read book Some Problems in the Theory of Distance regular Graphs written by Benjamin V. C. Collins and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Regular Graphs written by Zoran Stanić and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-04-24 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written for mathematicians working with the theory of graph spectra, this (primarily theoretical) book presents relevant results considering the spectral properties of regular graphs. The book begins with a short introduction including necessary terminology and notation. The author then proceeds with basic properties, specific subclasses of regular graphs (like distance-regular graphs, strongly regular graphs, various designs or expanders) and determining particular regular graphs. Each chapter contains detailed proofs, discussions, comparisons, examples, exercises and also indicates possible applications. Finally, the author also includes some conjectures and open problems to promote further research. Contents Spectral properties Particular types of regular graph Determinations of regular graphs Expanders Distance matrix of regular graphs

Download or read book Some Results on Bipartite Distance regular Graphs written by Michael S. Lang and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Graphs and Matrices written by Ravindra B. Bapat and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-19 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition illustrates the power of linear algebra in the study of graphs. The emphasis on matrix techniques is greater than in other texts on algebraic graph theory. Important matrices associated with graphs (for example, incidence, adjacency and Laplacian matrices) are treated in detail. Presenting a useful overview of selected topics in algebraic graph theory, early chapters of the text focus on regular graphs, algebraic connectivity, the distance matrix of a tree, and its generalized version for arbitrary graphs, known as the resistance matrix. Coverage of later topics include Laplacian eigenvalues of threshold graphs, the positive definite completion problem and matrix games based on a graph. Such an extensive coverage of the subject area provides a welcome prompt for further exploration. The inclusion of exercises enables practical learning throughout the book. In the new edition, a new chapter is added on the line graph of a tree, while some results in Chapter 6 on Perron-Frobenius theory are reorganized. Whilst this book will be invaluable to students and researchers in graph theory and combinatorial matrix theory, it will also benefit readers in the sciences and engineering.

Download or read book Antipodal covers written by Aleksandar Jurišić and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A connected graph $G$ is called distance-regular graph if for any two vertices $u$ and $v$ of $G$ at distance $i$, the number $c_i$ (resp. $B-i$) of neighbours of $v$ at distance $i-1$ (resp. $i+1$) from $u$ depends only on $i$ rather than on individual vertices. A distance regular graph $G$ of diameter $d \in \{2m,2m+1\}$ is antipodal ($r$-cover of its folded graph) if and only if $b_i = c_{d-i}$, for $i = 0,...,d$, $i \ne m$ (and $r = 1+b_m/c_{d-m}$). For example, the dodecahedron is a double-cover of the Petersen graph, the cube is the double-cover of the tetrahedron. Most finite objects of sufficient regularity are closed related to certain distance-regular graphs, in particular, antipodal distance-regular graphs give rise to projective planes, Hadamard matrices and other interesting combinatorial objects. Distance-regular graphs serve as an alternative approach to these objects and allow the use of graph eigenvalues, graph representations, association schemes and the theory of orthogonal polynomials. We start with cyclic covers and spreads of generalized quadrangles and find a switching which uses some known infinite families of antipodal distance-regular graphs of diameter three to produce new ones. Then we examine antipodal distance-families of antipodal distance-regular graphs of diameter three to produce new ones. Then we examine antipodal distance-regular graphs of diameter four and five. Together with J. Koolen we use representations of graphs to extend in the case of diameter four the result P. Terwilliger who has shown, using the theory of Krein modules, that in a $Q$-polynomial antipodal diatance-regular graph the neighbourhood of any vertex is a strongly regular graph. New nonexistence conditions for covers are derived from that. This study relates to the above switching and to extended generalized quadrangles. In an imprimitive association scheme there always exists a merging (i.e., a grouping of the relations) which gives a new nontrivial association scheme. We determine when merging in an antipodal distance-regular graph produces a distance-regular graphs with regular near polygons containing a spread. In case of diameter three we get a Brouwer's characterization of certain distance-regular graphs with generalized quadrangles containing a spread. Finally, antipodal covers of strongly regular graphs which are not necessarily distance-regular are studied. In most cases the structure of short cycles provides a tool to determine the existence of an antipodal cover. A relationship between antipodal covers of a graph and its line graph is investigated. Antipodal covers of complete bipartite graphs and their line graphs (lattice graphs) are characterized in terms of weak resolvable transversal designs which are, in the case of maximal covering index, equivalent to affine planes with a parallel class deleted. We conclude by mentioning two results which indicate the importance of antipodal distance-regular graphs. The first one is a joint work with M. Araya and A. Hiraki. Let $G$ be a distance-regular graph of diameter $d$ and valency $k>2$. If $b_t=1$ and $2t \le d$, then $G$ is an antipodal double-cover. Consenquently, if $m>2$ the multiplicity of an eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of $G$ and if $G$ is not an antipodal double-cover then $d \le 2m-3$. This result is an improvement of Godsil's diameter bound and it is very important for the classification of distance-regular graphs with an eigenvalue of small multiplicity (as opposed to dual classification of distance-regular graphs with small valency). The second result is joint work with C. Godsil. We show that distance-regular graphs that contain maximal independent geodesic paths of short length are antipodal. A new infinite family of feasible parameters of antipodal distance-regular graphs of diameter four is found. As an auxiliary result we use equitable partitions to show that the determinant of a Töplitz matrix can be written as a product of two determinants of approximately half size of the original one.

Download or read book Bipartite Distance regular Graphs written by Brian Curtin and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Applying Graph Theory in Ecological Research written by Mark R.T. Dale and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-11-09 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book clearly describes the many applications of graph theory to ecological questions, providing instruction and encouragement to researchers.

Download or read book Adventures in Graph Theory written by W. David Joyner and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2017-12-28 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook acts as a pathway to higher mathematics by seeking and illuminating the connections between graph theory and diverse fields of mathematics, such as calculus on manifolds, group theory, algebraic curves, Fourier analysis, cryptography and other areas of combinatorics. An overview of graph theory definitions and polynomial invariants for graphs prepares the reader for the subsequent dive into the applications of graph theory. To pique the reader’s interest in areas of possible exploration, recent results in mathematics appear throughout the book, accompanied with examples of related graphs, how they arise, and what their valuable uses are. The consequences of graph theory covered by the authors are complicated and far-reaching, so topics are always exhibited in a user-friendly manner with copious graphs, exercises, and Sage code for the computation of equations. Samples of the book’s source code can be found at github.com/springer-math/adventures-in-graph-theory. The text is geared towards advanced undergraduate and graduate students and is particularly useful for those trying to decide what type of problem to tackle for their dissertation. This book can also serve as a reference for anyone interested in exploring how they can apply graph theory to other parts of mathematics.