Download or read book A Biomechanical Model for Estimating Loads on Thoracic and Lumbar Vertebrae written by Sravisht Iyer and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Issues in Bioengineering and Bioinformatics 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 2802 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Bioengineering and Bioinformatics: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Bioengineering and Bioinformatics. The editors have built Issues in Bioengineering and Bioinformatics: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Bioengineering and Bioinformatics in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Bioengineering and Bioinformatics: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book Development of a Dynamic Biomechanical Model for Load Carriage Phase 4 Parts A and B Development of a Dynamic Biomechanical Model Version 2 of Human Load Carriage written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this DRDC dynamic biomechanical model research program is to improve the understanding of human load carriage capabilities and to understand the effects of load carriage design features on human health and mobility. This research is directed at creating a method of determining several of the biomechanical factors to be used as inputs to the Load Conditions Limit model as described in DRDC report# W7711-0-7632-01 entitled "Proposed Long Range Plan for a Research and Development Program of Dynamic Load Carriage Modeling." In the current study, a 3D solid model was split into an upper and lower torso coupled with a rigid join located at the location of the spine at the L3/L2 height. Acceleration histories of subjects wearing packs were previously recorded during human trials. Acceleration of a person was numerically integrated and used to drive the motion of the Dynamic Biomechanical Model (DBM) torso. Torso accelerations for a wide range of activities were recorded and can be used to drive these models, creating an excellent data base for many human and pack motions for current and future modeling of human motions. This technique of capturing and generating motions is applicable to many situations where an envelope of human motion and body accelerations needs to be tested to ensure equipment does not cause excessive dynamic loading on the soldier. Piecewise linear dynamic, static and creep material response models were developed for typical backpack materials. In addition, a piecewise linear model of the dynamic stress strain response for the Clothe the Soldier shoulder strap assembly was developed. The model estimates reaction forces and moments on the lumbar spine and the total shoulder reaction force. The model also calculates the distribution of force to the upper and lower torso and the total contact force.
Download or read book Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-05-24 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every year workers' low-back, hand, and arm problems lead to time away from jobs and reduce the nation's economic productivity. The connection of these problems to workplace activities-from carrying boxes to lifting patients to pounding computer keyboards-is the subject of major disagreements among workers, employers, advocacy groups, and researchers. Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace examines the scientific basis for connecting musculoskeletal disorders with the workplace, considering people, job tasks, and work environments. A multidisciplinary panel draws conclusions about the likelihood of causal links and the effectiveness of various intervention strategies. The panel also offers recommendations for what actions can be considered on the basis of current information and for closing information gaps. This book presents the latest information on the prevalence, incidence, and costs of musculoskeletal disorders and identifies factors that influence injury reporting. It reviews the broad scope of evidence: epidemiological studies of physical and psychosocial variables, basic biology, biomechanics, and physical and behavioral responses to stress. Given the magnitude of the problem-approximately 1 million people miss some work each year-and the current trends in workplace practices, this volume will be a must for advocates for workplace health, policy makers, employers, employees, medical professionals, engineers, lawyers, and labor officials.
Download or read book Biomechanical Analysis of Eccentric and Concentric Lifting Exertions written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is considerable evidence that low back injuries and disorders are related to heavy loads applied to the human spine. Biomechanical models have been invented to examine spinal load patterns under various conditions and to estimate the risk of low back injuries. One group of these models are called electromyographic (EMG) -assisted biomechanical models which use the EMG activities of the trunk muscles to predict muscle force and the spine reaction forces. Previous EMG-assisted biomechanical models have been used to study the spinal loads under various conditions: trunk flexionD xtension, lateral bending and twisting exertions. One of the challenges facing these models is that they rely heavily on the active muscle force component. In certain kinds of exertions (eccentric exertions and exertions at or near the full flexion trunk postures) the passive components of the extensor mechanism play a significant role in the net extensor moment, and these are not captured in the traditional EMG-assisted modeling technique. This study introduces a new EMG assisted biomechanical model that includes passive components. Empirical experiments were conducted to evaluate the improvements in model predictions when these passive tissue components were considered. Eighteen subjects participated in two groups of experiments. In experiment one, subjects performed repetitive, eccentric and concentric lifting motions in a controlled dynamometer task environment. In experiment two, subjects performed a repetitive, free dynamic lifting and lowering exertions. In both experiments, the subjects were asked to reach their full trunk flexion posture during the lifting motion. As they performed these tasks, the EMG activity of the major trunk muscles was collected. Based on the degree of trunk flexion experienced by the subjects, the passive tissue forces were estimated through the use of a finite element model of the lumbar region. Estimates of the net internal extensor moment were der.
Download or read book Benzel s Spine Surgery E Book written by Michael P. Steinmetz and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2021-05-18 with total page 2116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written and edited by world-renowned experts in the field, Benzel’s Spine Surgery: Techniques, Complication Avoidance and Management, 5th Edition, provides expert, step-by-step guidance on the evaluation and management of disorders of the spine. This definitive, two-volume work explores the full spectrum of techniques used in spine surgery, giving you the tools you need to hone your skills and increase your knowledge in this challenging area. Clearly organized and extensively revised throughout, it features contributions from both neurosurgeons and orthopaedic surgeons to present a truly comprehensive approach to spine disease. Offers a thorough overview of the effective management of patients with spinal disorders, including fundamental principles, biomechanics, applied anatomy, instrumentation, pathophysiology of spinal disorders, surgical techniques, motion preservation strategies, non-surgical management, and complication avoidance and management, as well as controversies. Focuses on both pathophysiology and surgical treatment of spine disease, with an increased emphasis on minimally invasive surgery. Contains new features such as key points boxes at the beginning of chapters and algorithms to help streamline the decision making process. Covers today’s hot topics in spine surgery, such as health economics, artificial intelligence, predictive analytics, new less invasive techniques including endoscopic spine surgery, and the future of spine surgery. Provides expert coverage of key topics including biomechanics of motion preservation techniques, spinal injuries in sports, biologics in spine fusion surgery, anterior sub-axial cervical fixation and fusion techniques, complex lumbosacropelvic fixation techniques, and many more. Features more than 1,500 high-quality illustrations, as well as new procedural videos on en bloc spondylectomy, minimally invasive endoscopic posterior cervical foraminotomy, cervical total disc replacement, minimally invasive lumbar decompression of stenosis, and more. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
Download or read book Marcus and Feldman s Osteoporosis written by David W. Dempster and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 1950 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marcus and Feldman's Osteoporosis, Fifth Edition, is the most comprehensive, authoritative reference on this disease. Led by a new editorial team, this fifth edition offers critical information on reproductive and hormonal risk factors, new therapeutics, ethnicity, nutrition, therapeutics, management and economics, comprising a tremendous wealth of knowledge in a single source not found elsewhere. Written by renowned experts in the field, this two-volume reference is a must-have for biomedical researchers, research clinicians, fellows, academic and medical libraries, and any company involved in osteoporosis drug research and development. - Summarizes the latest research in bone biology and translational applications in a range of new therapeutic agents, including essential updates on therapeutic uses of calcium, vitamin D, SERMS, bisphosphonates, parathyroid hormone, and new therapeutic agents - Recognizes the critical importance of new signaling pathways for bone health, including Wnt, OPG and RANK, of interest to both researchers who study bone biology and clinicians who treat osteoporosis - Offers new insights into osteoporosis associated with menopause, pre-menopause, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, HIV and other immune disorders
Download or read book Dynamic Reconstruction of the Spine written by Daniel H. Kim and published by Thieme. This book was released on 2015-06-05 with total page 1373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thieme congratulates Frank P. Cammisa on being chosen by New York magazine for its prestigious 'Best Doctors 2015' list. Dynamic Reconstruction of the Spine, Second Edition is the most up-to-date resource on the instrumentation, technologies, and fundamental science integral to achieving spine motion preservation and stabilization. It is a completely revised text that includes not only the latest technologies and surgical approaches, including MIS techniques, but also significantly more detail on the clinical biomechanics of the spine than the previous edition. Readers will appreciate the guidance this book provides on how to: successfully adopt new technology, find appropriate indications, address common safety and efficacy issues, and answer health economics questions for ethics committees and payers. Key Features: A substantial revision, with entirely new chapters in three quarters of the book, including a large section on basic as well as more advanced biomechanics topics Highly visual - contains 20% more figures than the previous edition Discusses and explains current advances in genetic and molecular technologies used to repair the spinal disc Includes an unbiased critique of the pro cons, clinical outcomes, and comparative outcomes of different devices This new edition is an indispensable reference for orthopedic surgeons, neurosurgeons, and radiologists, as well as residents and fellows seeking the latest information on the technologies used in spine motion preservation and stabilization.
Download or read book Osteoporosis written by Robert Marcus and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-06-13 with total page 2140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its fourth edition, Osteoporosis is a classic reference on this disease, comprising a tremendous wealth of knowledge in a single source not found elsewhere. Written by renowned experts in the field, this two-volume work is a must-have for academic and medical libraries, physicians, researchers, and any company involved in osteoporosis research and development. This newest edition covers everything from basic anatomy and physiology to diagnosis, management and treatment in which direct care costs for osteoporotic fractures in the United States reach up to $18 billion each year. Worldwide, 200 million women ages 60 to 80 suffer from osteoporosis and have a lifetime risk of fracture between 30% and 40%, continuing to make osteoporosis a critical challenge in medicine. - Recognizes the critical importance of the Wnt signaling pathway for bone health - Incorporates new chapters on osteocytes, phosphatonins, mouse genetics, and CNS and bone - Examines essential updates on estrogen prevention and treatment and the recent results from the WHO - Discusses the controversial topics of screening and clinical trial design for drug registration - Includes essential updates on therapeutic uses of calcium, vitamin D, SERMS, bisphosphonates, and parathyroid hormone - Offers critical reviews of reproductive and hormonal risk factors, ethnicity, nutrition, therapeutics, management, and economics
Download or read book Clinical Anatomy of the Lumbar Spine and Sacrum written by Nikolai Bogduk and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bogduk aims to provide a foundation of knowledge upon which an understanding of the various treatment and therapy techniques of the different specialities involved can be built. This edition includes discussion of the sacrum and sacro-iliac joint.
Download or read book Spinal Instability written by Robert N.N. Holtzman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, world authorities on spinal surgery from the fields of Neurosurgery, Orthopaedic Surgery, and Neuroscience present current data on the basic science and clinical management of the unstable spine. Unique to this book: a frank presentation of controversies in the field.
Download or read book The Development of a Personalized Curved Muscle Model Applicable to Complex Dynamic Exertion written by Jaejin Hwang and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accurate estimates of trunk muscle geometry including the muscle line of action are essential to the development of biologically-assisted models capable of accurately documenting spinal tissue loads. Currently most biomechanical models of the spine employ straight-line muscle approximations for computational efficiency. However, this straight line of action assumption is thought to violate the physiological reality of the lumbar spine and would provide a wrong estimate of spine tissue loading especially during asymmetric complex exertions. The incorporation of muscle curvature within the biomechanical model has been suggested as a means to more accurately predict spine tissue loads. However, the approach to defining the curved geometry and line of action of the muscle for modeling purposes and the logic associated with integrating this information into current biologically-assisted models have not yet been addressed. Hence, the objective of this study was to develop personalized curved muscle geometry and integrate this information into a biologically-assisted spine model using an individual’s anthropometric measures, trunk kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activities. Four major steps were conducted to meet this goal. First, a systematic literature review was performed and 35 studies met the selection criteria. The most common technique of curved muscle path was the “via-point” method. Curved muscle geometry was commonly developed from MRI/CT database and cadaveric dissections, and inverse dynamics models were typically used to estimate muscle forces. Several models have attempted to examine their results by comparing their approach with previous studies, however, only limited conditions were able to be examined. Second, based on magnetic resonance imaging data from thirty subjects (10 male and 20 female) reported in a previous study, a polynomial regression analysis was conducted to estimate the muscle moment-arms and physiological cross-sectional areas through thoracic/lumbar spine as a function of vertebral level, gender, age, height, and body mass. Third, the model structure was developed to include curved muscle geometry, separation of active and passive muscle forces, and personalization of muscle properties. Lastly, model fidelity of the curved muscle model through the entire lumbar spine was evaluated for 24 subjects (13 males and 11 females) during a wide range of complex dynamic lifting exertions. In general, curved muscle model predicted at least 80% of the variability in spinal moments, and less than 15% of average moment matching error across levels. The compression and anterior-posterior shear load significantly increased as trunk bent more, whereas the lateral shear load significantly increased as trunk twisted more asymmetric during lifting tasks. The results of this study indicate that a curved muscle representation in the biologically-assisted model is an empirically reasonable approach to accurately estimate spinal moments and spinal tissue loads of the lumbar spine. This advancement is expected to help quantify risk exposure more accurately, improve patient health and enable the development of interventions that could mitigate risks in occupational jobs.
Download or read book Rothman Simeone The Spine E Book written by Harry N. Herkowitz and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2011-02-10 with total page 2021 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rothman-Simeone The Spine helps you achieve optimal outcomes in the clinical practice of spine surgery in adults and children. Drs. Harry N. Herkowitz, Steven R. Garfin, Frank J. Eismont, Gordon R. Bell, Richard Balderston, and an internationally diverse group of authorities help you keep up with the fast-paced field and get the best results from state-of-the-art treatments and surgical techniques, such as spinal arthroplasty and the latest spinal implants and equipment. An all-new full-color design and surgical videos online at www.expertconsult.com make this classic text more invaluable than ever before. Get the best results from the full range of both surgical and non-surgical treatment approaches with guidance from the world’s most trusted authorities in orthopaedic spine surgery. Find important information quickly through pearls, pitfalls, and key points that highlight critical points. Watch experts perform key techniques in real time with videos, on DVD and online, demonstrating minimally invasive surgery: SED procedure; thorascopic techniques; lumbar discectomy; pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO); C1, C2 fusion; intradural tumor; cervical laminoforaminoty; and much more. Apply the newest developments in the field thanks to expert advice on minimally invasive surgery, spinal arthroplasty and the latest spinal implants and equipments. See procedures clearly through an all new full-color design with 2300 color photographs and illustrations placed in context. Access the fully searchable contents of text online at www.expertconsult.com.
Download or read book Occupational Biomechanics written by Don B. Chaffin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-05-05 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Praise for previous editions of Occupational Biomechanics "This book is a valuable resource for any advanced ergonomist interested in physical ergonomics . . . provides valuable research information." -Ergonomics in Design "[This book] represents a distillation of the authors' combined years of experience in applying biomechanicsin various industries and work situations . . . I recommend this book to anyone, regardless of discipline, who is interested in understanding the many biomechanical factors which must be considered when trying to effectthe prevention and reduction of musculoskeletal injuries in the workplace." -Journal of Biomechanics "Impressive descriptions of biomechanical concepts and worksite considerations . . . based not only on mechanical and mathematical principles, but on solid anatomical and physiologic constructs . . . a very valuablereference source." -Research Communications in Chemical Pathology and Pharmacology THE DEFINITIVE TEXT ON DESIGNING FOR THE DEMANDS OF TODAY'S WORKPLACE With critical applications in manufacturing, transportation, defense, security, environmental safety and occupational health, and other industries, the field of occupational biomechanics is more central to industrial design than ever before. This latest edition of the popular and widely adopted Occupational Biomechanics provides the foundations and tools to assemble and evaluate biomechanical processes as they apply to today's changing industries, with emphasis on improving overall work efficiency and preventing work-related injuries. The book expertly weaves engineering and medical information from diverse sources and provides a coherent treatment of the biomechanical principles underlying the well-designed and ergonomically sound workplace. NEW TO THIS THOROUGHLY REVISED AND UPDATED FOURTH EDITION: * 150 new references and many new illustrations * Major changes within each chapter that reflect recent and significant findings * Recent research in musculoskeletal disorders * New measurement techniques for biomechanical parameters and numerous international initiatives on the subject Presented in an easy-to-understand manner and supported by over 200 illustrations and numerous examples, Occupational Biomechanics, Fourth Edition remains the premier one-stop reference for students and professionals in the areas of industrial engineering, product and process design, medicine, and occupational health and safety.
Download or read book Development of a Dynamic Biomechanical Model for Load Carriage Phase III Part C1 Pressure and Force Distribution Measurement for the Design of Waist Belts in Personal Load Carriage Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In previous studies, two biomechanical models were developed that used pack and person geometry as well as pack mass to determine the reaction forces on the body. One problem has been determining the pack-person interface forces using Tekscan(TM) pressure sensors on rounded surfaces such as the shoulder and waist. The goal of this study was to determine design factors that affect force distribution of the backpack waist belt. A human-sized symmetrical lower torso (SLT) was created. A method of calculating the directional coordinates of applied forces was developed in order to understand the reactions between pack and person. Tekscan(TM) Sensors were used to measure the surface pressures between the torso and the waist belt. These were converted to normal force measures based on the mathematical coordinates of each sensel. Calibration factors, a factor of effective sensel area and a frictional coefficient for the in situ orientation of each sensor were calculated and used for the calculation of the directional forces. Then, using sites on the waist belt, known forces were applied and the resulting directional forces correlated moderately well with the known applied forces (19%). The pressure distributions of three waist belts were compared and the design features were examined to account for differences in distribution. The distributions were compared to results of the previous biomechanical models and determined to be too complex to be resolved with the simplified hoop stress theory. The study determined the importance of waist belt design, frictional force from belt tightening, and influence of load in understanding the force distribution of a waist belt. It is recommended that each pack and load condition be tested using this approach if one wishes to use the waist strap force gauge to determine compressive forces on the lumbar spine and on the hips.
Download or read book Biomechanics of the Spine written by Fabio Galbusera and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-04-23 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomechanics of the Spine encompasses the basics of spine biomechanics, spinal tissues, spinal disorders and treatment methods. Organized into four parts, the first chapters explore the functional anatomy of the spine, with special emphasis on aspects which are biomechanically relevant and quite often neglected in clinical literature. The second part describes the mechanics of the individual spinal tissues, along with commonly used testing set-ups and the constitutive models used to represent them in mathematical studies. The third part covers in detail the current methods which are used in spine research: experimental testing, numerical simulation and in vivo studies (imaging and motion analysis). The last part covers the biomechanical aspects of spinal pathologies and their surgical treatment. This valuable reference is ideal for bioengineers who are involved in spine biomechanics, and spinal surgeons who are looking to broaden their biomechanical knowledge base. The contributors to this book are from the leading institutions in the world that are researching spine biomechanics. - Includes broad coverage of spine disorders and surgery with a biomechanical focus - Summarizes state-of-the-art and cutting-edge research in the field of spine biomechanics - Discusses a variety of methods, including In vivo and In vitro testing, and finite element and musculoskeletal modeling
Download or read book Advanced pre clinical and pre surgical assessment of musculo skeletal medical devices written by Richard Mark Hall and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-09-19 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
