Download or read book A Baseline Study of Organic Contaminants in the Swan and Canning Catchment Drainage System Using Passive Sampling Devices written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Ten Swan and Canning catchment drainage systems were sampled four times over a one year period using three types of passive sampling devices to monitor concentrations of herbicides, insecticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water. Passive samplers are a developing technology and this study was the first comprehensive trial of their use in the Swan Canning system." - p. v.
Download or read book A Baseline Study of Contaminants in the Swan and Canning Catchment Drainage System written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development and Evaluation of Passive Sampling Devices to Characterize the Sources Occurrence and Fate of Polar Organic Contaminants in Aquatic Systems written by Jonathan K. Challis and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary goal of this dissertation was to develop and evaluate an improved aquatic passive sampling device (PSD) for measurement of polar organic contaminants. Chemical uptake of current polar-PSDs (e.g., POCIS - polar organic chemical integrative sampler) is dependent on the specific environmental conditions in which the sampler is deployed (flow-rate, temperature), leading to large uncertainties when applying laboratory-derived sampling rates in-situ. A novel configuration of the diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) passive sampler was developed to overcome these challenges. The organic-DGT (o-DGT) configuration comprised a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance® sorbent binding phase and an outer agarose diffusive gel (thickness = 0.5-1.5 mm), notably excluding a polyethersulfone protective membrane which is used with all other polar-PSDs. Sampler calibration exhibited linear uptake and sufficient capacity for 34 pharmaceuticals and pesticides over typical environmental deployment times, with measured sampling rates ranging from 9-16 mL/d. Measured and modelled diffusion coefficients (D) through the outer agarose gel provided temperature-specific estimates of o-DGT sampling rates within 20% (measured-D) and 30% (modelled-D) compared to rates determined through full-sampler calibration. Boundary layer experiments in lab and field demonstrated that inclusion of the agarose diffusive gel negated boundary layer effects, suggesting that o-DGT uptake is largely insensitive to hydrodynamic conditions. The utility of o-DGT was evaluated under a variety of field conditions and performance was assessed in comparison to POCIS and grab samples. o-DGT was effective at measuring pharmaceuticals and pesticides in raw wastewater effluents, small creeks, large fast-flowing rivers, open-water lakes, and under ice at near-zero water temperatures. Concentrations measured by o-DGT were more accurate than POCIS when compared to grab samples, likely resulting from the influence in-situ conditions have on POCIS. Modelled sampling rates were successfully used to estimate semi-quantitative water concentrations of suspect wastewater contaminants using high-resolution mass spectrometry, demonstrating the unique utility of this o-DGT technique. This dissertation establishes o-DGT as a more accurate, user-friendly, and widely applicable passive sampler compared to current-use polar-PSDs. The o-DGT tool will help facilitate more accurate and efficient monitoring efforts and ultimately lead to more appropriate exposure data and environmental risk assessment.
Download or read book Passive Sampling Devices as Biological Surrogates for Evaluating Seasonal Bioavailability of Hydrophobic Organic Contaminants in Surface Water written by Doolalai Sethajintanin and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NORMAN Interlaboratory Study ILS on Passive Sampling of Emerging Pollutants written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Passive samplers can play a valuable role in monitoring water quality within a legislative framework such as the European Union's Water Framework Directive (WFD). The time-integrated data from these devices can be used to complement chemical monitoring of priority and emerging contaminants which are difficult to analyse by spot or bottle sampling methods, and to improve risk assessment of chemical pollution. In order to increase the acceptance of passive sampling technology amongst end users and to gain further information about the robustness of the calibration and analytical steps, several inter-laboratory field studies have recently been performed in Europe. Such trials are essential to further validate this sampling method and to increase the confidence of the technological approach for end users.^An inter-laboratory study on the use of passive samplers for the monitoring of emerging pollutants was organised in 2011 by the NORMAN association (Network of reference laboratories for monitoring emerging environmental pollutants; www.norman-network.net) together with the European DG Joint Research Centre to support the Common Implementation Strategy of the WFD. Thirty academic, commercial and regulatory laboratories participated in the passive sampler comparison exercise and each was allowed to select their own sampler design. All the different devices were exposed at a single sampling site to treated waste water from a large municipal treatment plant. In addition, the organisers deployed in parallel for each target analyte class multiple samplers of a single type which were subsequently distributed to the participants for analysis. This allowed an evaluation of the contribution of the different analytical laboratory procedures to the data variability.^The results obtained allow an evaluation of the potential of different passive sampling methods for monitoring selected emerging organic contaminants (pharmaceuticals, polar pesticides, steroid hormones, fluorinated surfactants, triclosan, bisphenol A and brominated flame retardants). In most cases, between laboratory variation of results from passive samplers was roughly a factor 5 larger than within laboratory variability. Similar results obtained for different passive samplers analysed by individual laboratories and also low within laboratory variability of sampler analysis indicate that the passive sampling process is causing less variability than the analysis. This points at difficulties that laboratories experienced with analysis in complex environmental matrices. Where a direct comparison was possible (not in case of brominated flame retardants) analysis of composite water samples provided results that were within the concentration range obtained by passive samplers.^However, in the future a significant improvement of the overall precision of passive sampling is needed. The results will be used to inform EU Member States about the potential application of passive sampling methods for monitoring organic chemicals within the framework of the WFD.
Download or read book Advancing Passive Sampling for Monitoring Organic Contaminants in the Aquatic Environment written by Yoonah Jeong and published by . This book was released on 2018* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Swan Canning Cleanup Program written by Swan River Trust (W.A.) and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Passive sampling of organic contaminants in the water phase written by Kees Booij and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Catchment of the Swan Canning River System written by Western Australia. Water and Rivers Commission and published by . This book was released on 2001-01 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Time intergrating Passive Samplers for Organic Contaminants in Water written by Jennifer M. Croskrey and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Passive Sampling written by Carey E. Donald and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Passive sampling devices have been used for decades to measure complex mixtures of bioavailable organic chemicals in a variety of environmental media. More recently passive sampler applications have expanded beyond monitoring chemical concentrations, and this dissertation continues to advance methods of passive sampling on many fronts. Despite their growing use, no practical, evidence-based guidelines exist to ensure concentrations of chemicals sequestered in passive samplers are stable in transport and storage. We demonstrated that concentrations of semivolatile chemicals sequestered within passive samplers would be stable with low-cost shipping from isolated locales by simulating in the laboratory a worst-case scenario at 35 °C for two weeks. Quantitative measures of the flux of semivolatile chemicals between soil and air have been limited by the challenges of collecting soil and estimating chemical fugacity from soil. We avoided these pitfalls by adapting passive sampling equipment to directly sample gas-phase chemicals in air above the soil. The sensitivity of the novel technique was demonstrated at three disparate sites, where volatilization was measured at a site with historically contaminated soil, and deposition was measured at another site with a recent oil spill and fire. In a related study, we deployed the same equipment on artificial turf fields to provide the first quantitative measure of semivolatile flux between artificial turf and overlying air. We detected an additional 26 compounds that have not been previously associated with artificial turf, including some that have known human health impacts. Finally, passive sampling principles were applied to measure chemicals in the human personal environment, using a newly-developed silicone passive sampler wristband. Nineteen pesticides were detected that were not reportedly used among 35 rural farmer participants, demonstrating the utility of the wristband in measuring personal exposures to pesticides. Pesticide concentrations in multiple wristbands, worn by a participant over time, were more similar to each other than to other participants, signifying the uniqueness of personal environments and the importance of taking personalized measurements when assessing risk. The advancements in this dissertation capitalize on the features of passive sampling techniques: easy, yet robust, transport capabilities were demonstrated to provide evidence-based transport criteria; ability to directly measure gas-phase chemicals led to quantitative flux measurements from soil and artificial turf; non-selective organic chemical sequestration allowed for identification of unexpected, or previously unreported chemicals; and the polymer qualities that mimic biological membranes sampled the bioavailable fraction for comparing human exposures. The advancements herein provide logistical solutions and sensitive measures of chemical transport and human exposures, and contribute to the expanding range of possibilities for passive sampling.
Download or read book Swan Canning Cleanup Program Action Plan Implementation written by Western Australia. Swan-Canning Cleanup Program and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Development of a Passive Sampling System for the Determination of Time averaged Concentrations of Organic Pollutants in Aqueous Environments written by Jenny Kingston and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Swan Canning Cleanup Program Action Plan written by Western Australia. Swan-Canning Cleanup Program and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Passive Sampling Techniques in Environmental Monitoring written by Richard Greenwood and published by Elsevier Science. This book was released on 2007-07-17 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monitoring pollutants in air, soil and water is a routine requirement in the workplace, and in the wider environment. Passive samplers can provide a representative picture of levels of pollutants over a period of time from days to months by measuring the average concentrations to which they have been exposed. Air monitors are widely used, for instance to measure the exposure of workers to volatile compounds, but also for monitoring the fate of pollutants in the atmosphere. Passive sampling devices are now becomining increasingly used to monitor pollutants in rivers, coastal waters and ground water where contamination results from sources such as domestic and industrial discharges, and the use of agrochemicals. Passive Sampling Techniques in Environmental Monitoring provides a timely collection of information on a set of techniques that help monitor the quality of air, surface and ground waters. Passive sampling can provide an inexpensive means of obtaining a representative picture of quality over a period of time, even where levels of pollutants fluctuate due to discontinuous discharges or seasonal application of chemicals such as pesticides. Recent changes in legislation have increased the pressure to obtain better information than that provided by classical infrequent spot sampling. Brought together in one source, this book looks at the performance of a range of devices for the passive sampling of metals, and of non-polar and polar organic chemicals in air and in water. The strengths and weaknesses and the range of applicability of the technology are considered. * Comprehensive review of passive sampling - covering air, water and majority of available technologies in one volume * Chapters written by international specialist experts * Covers theory and applications, providing background information and guidelines for use in the field
Download or read book Action Plan written by Swan-Canning Cleanup Program and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Communication Plan written by Western Australia. Swan-Canning Cleanup Program and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
