Download or read book 1 D Simulation of HCCI Engine Performance Using Knock integral Ignition Prediction with Wiebe Function Combustion Modeling and Comparison to Advanced SI Engine Performance written by Andrew Michael Huisjen and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Combustion Timing Control of Natural Gas HCCI Engines Using Physics based Modeling and LQR Controller written by Marwa Abdelgawad and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engines hold promises of being the next generation of internal combustion engines due to their ability to produce high thermal efficiencies and low emission levels. HCCI combustion is achieved through the auto-ignition of a compressed homogenous fuel-air mixture, thus making it a "fusion" between spark-ignition and compression-ignition engines. The main challenge in developing HCCI engines is the absence of a combustion trigger hence making it difficult to control its combustion timing. The aim of this research project is to model and control a natural gas HCCI engine. Since HCCI depends primarily on temperature and chemical composition of the mixture, Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) is used to control ignition timing. In this research, a thermodynamical, physics-based nonlinear model is developed to capture the main features of the HCCI engine. In addition, the Modified Knock Integral Model (MKIM), used to predict ignition timing, is optimized. To validate the nonlinear model, ignition timing under varying conditions using the MKIM approach is shown to be in accordance with data acquired from a model developed using a sophisticated engine simulation program, GT-Power. Most control strategies are based on a linear model, therefore, the nonlinear model is linearized using the perturbation method. The linear model is validated by comparing its performance with the nonlinear model about a suitable operating point. The control of ignition timing can be defined as a regulation process where the goal is to force the nonlinear model to track a desired ignition timing by controlling the EGR ratio. Parameters from the linear model are used to determine the gains of the LQR controller. The performance of the controller is validated by implementing it on the nonlinear model and observing its ability to track the desired timing with 0.5% error within a certain operating range. To increase the operating range of the controller and reduce steady-state error, an integrator is added to the LQR. Finally, it is shown that the LQR controller is able to successfully reject disturbance, parameter variation, as well as noise.

Download or read book Sustainable Development and Innovations in Marine Technologies written by Petar Georgiev and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-08-22 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable Development and Innovations in Marine Technologies includes the papers presented at the 18th International Congress of the Maritime Association of the Mediterranean (IMAM 2019, Varna, Bulgaria, 9-11 September 2019). Sustainable Development and Innovations in Marine Technologies includes a wide range of topics: Aquaculture & Fishing; Construction; Defence & Security; Design; Dynamic response of structures; Degradation/ Defects in structures; Electrical equipment of ships; Human factors; Hydrodynamics; Legal/Social aspects; Logistics; Machinery & Control; Marine environmental protection; Materials; Navigation; Noise; Non-linear motions – manoeuvrability; Off-shore and coastal development; Off-shore renewable energy; Port operations; Prime movers; Propulsion; Safety at sea; Safety of Marine Systems; Sea waves; Seakeeping; Shaft & propellers; Ship resistance; Shipyards; Small & pleasure crafts; Stability; Static response of structures; Structures, and Wind loads. The IMAM series of Conferences started in 1978 when the first Congress was organised in Istanbul, Turkey. IMAM 2019 is the eighteenth edition, and in its nearly forty years of history, this biannual event has been organised throughout Europe. Sustainable Development and Innovations in Marine Technologies is essential reading for academics, engineers and all professionals involved in the area of sustainable and innovative marine technologies.

Download or read book Modelling the Combustion in a Dual Fuel HCCI Engine written by Hossein Ghomashi and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Natural Gas Engines written by Kalyan Kumar Srinivasan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-03 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the various advanced reciprocating combustion engine technologies that utilize natural gas and alternative fuels for transportation and power generation applications. It is divided into three major sections consisting of both fundamental and applied technologies to identify (but not limited to) clean, high-efficiency opportunities with natural gas fueling that have been developed through experimental protocols, numerical and high-performance computational simulations, and zero-dimensional, multizone combustion simulations. Particular emphasis is placed on statutes to monitor fine particulate emissions from tailpipe of engines operating on natural gas and alternative fuels.

Download or read book A Phenomenological Knock Model for the Development of Future Engine Concepts written by Alexander Fandakov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-28 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The majority of 0D/1D knock models available today are known for their poor accuracy and the great effort needed for their calibration. Alexander Fandakov presents a novel, extensively validated phenomenological knock model for the development of future engine concepts within a 0D/1D simulation environment that has one engine-specific calibration parameter. Benchmarks against the models commonly used in the automotive industry reveal the huge gain in knock boundary prediction accuracy achieved with the approach proposed in this work. Thus, the new knock model contributes substantially to the efficient design of spark ignition engines employing technologies such as full-load exhaust gas recirculation, water injection, variable compression ratio or lean combustion. About the Author Alexander Fandakov holds a PhD in automotive powertrain engineering from the Institute of Internal Combustion Engines and Automotive Engineering (IVK) at the University of Stuttgart, Germany. Currently, he is working as an advanced powertrain development engineer in the automotive industry.

Download or read book Design of a Viable Homogeneous charge Compression ignition HCCI Engine written by Paul E. Yelvington and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The homogeneous-charge compression-ignition (HCCI) engine is a novel engine technology with the potential to substantially lower emissions from automotive sources. HCCI engines use lean-premixed combustion to achieve good fuel economy and low emissions of nitrogen-oxides and particulate matter. However, experimentally these engines have demonstrated a viable operating range that is too narrow for vehicular applications. Incomplete combustion or misfire can occur under fuel-lean conditions imposing a minimum load at which the engine can operate. At high loads, HCCI engines are often extremely loud and measured cylinder pressures show strong acoustic oscillations resembling those for a knocking sparkignited engine. The goal of this research was to understand the factors limiting the HCCI range of operability and propose ways of broadening that range. An engine simulation tool was developed to model the combustion process in the engine and predict HCCI knock and incomplete combustion. Predicting HCCI engine knock is particularly important because knock limits the maximum engine torque, and this limitation is a major obstacle to commercialization. A fundamentally-based criterion was developed and shown to give good predictions of the experimental knock limit. Our engine simulation tool was then used to explore the effect of various engine design parameters and operating conditions on the HCCI viable operating range. Performance maps, which show the response of the engine during a normal driving cycle, were constructed to compare these engine designs. The simulations showed that an acceptably broad operating range can be achieved by using a low compression ratio, low octane fuel, and moderate boost pressure. An explanation of why this choice of parameters gives a broad operating window is discussed. Our prediction of the HCCI knock limit is based on the autoignition theory of knock, which asserts that local overpressures in the engine are caused by extremely rapid chemical energy release. A competing theory asserts that knock is caused by the formation of detonation waves initiated at autoignition centers ('hot-spots') in the engine. No conclusive experimental evidence exists for the detonation theory, but many numerical simulations in the literature show that detonation formation is possible; however, some of the assumptions made in these simulations warrant re-examination. In particular, the effect of curvature on small (quasispherical) hot-spots has often been overlooked. We first examined the well-studied case of gasoline spark-ignited engine knock and observed that the size of the hot-spot needed to initiate a detonation is larger than the end-gas region where knock occurs. Subsequent studies of HCCI engine knock predicted that detonations would not form regardless of the hot-spot size because of the low energy content of fuel-lean mixtures typically used in these engines. Our predictions of the HCCI viable operating range were shown to be quite sensitive to details of the ignition chemistry. Therefore, an attempt was made to build an improved chemistry model for HCCI combustion using automatic mechanism-generation software developed in our research group. Extensions to the software were made to allow chemistry model construction for engine conditions. Model predictions for n-heptane/air combustion were compared to literature data from a jet-stirred reactor and rapid-compression machine. We conclude that automatic mechanism generation gives fair predictions without the tuning of rate parameters or other efforts to improve agreement. However, some tuning of the automatically-generated chemistry models is necessary to give the accurate predictions of HCCI combustion needed for our design calculations.

Download or read book Modelling the Combustion in a Duel Fuel HCCI Engine written by Hossein Ghomashi and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Introduction to Modeling and Control of Internal Combustion Engine Systems written by Lino Guzzella and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Internal combustion engines still have a potential for substantial improvements, particularly with regard to fuel efficiency and environmental compatibility. These goals can be achieved with help of control systems. Modeling and Control of Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) addresses these issues by offering an introduction to cost-effective model-based control system design for ICE. The primary emphasis is put on the ICE and its auxiliary devices. Mathematical models for these processes are developed in the text and selected feedforward and feedback control problems are discussed. The appendix contains a summary of the most important controller analysis and design methods, and a case study that analyzes a simplified idle-speed control problem. The book is written for students interested in the design of classical and novel ICE control systems.

Download or read book 1D and Multi D Modeling Techniques for IC Engine Simulation written by Angelo Onorati and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2020-04-06 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1D and Multi-D Modeling Techniques for IC Engine Simulation provides a description of the most significant and recent achievements in the field of 1D engine simulation models and coupled 1D-3D modeling techniques, including 0D combustion models, quasi-3D methods and some 3D model applications.

Download or read book Modeling the Novel Jones Engine Toroidal Concept in Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition HCCI and Spark Ignition SI Combustion Model written by and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need for reduced CO2 emissions from transportation and stationary power generation applications has driven engine designers, developers, and researchers to seek new and novel technologies and designs to maximize engine efficiency, reduce weight, and increase engine performance. One such new engine design was proposed by Jones Engine LLC, and called the Jones Engine. The Jones Engine concept utilizes a novel toroidal piston/cylinder configuration, eliminating the connecting rod of the traditional slider-crank mechanism, thereby allowing for a more direct transfer of work from the combustion gases to the crankshaft. Jones Engine LLC promises significantly increase output torque, reduced fuel economy, and decreased engine weight through its unique design. This work seeks to model the Jones Engine's unique engine cycle, and directly compare to analogous conventional reciprocating slider-crank engines to provide an assessment of the benefits and limitations of the Jones Engine concept. In this work, the Jones Engine concept was modeled via a MATLAB based 0-D engine simulation code developed by the authors, utilizing Cantera to solve the gas phase chemical kinetics. The engine was modeled in two combustion modes, Homogeneous Charge Compession Ignition (HCCI), and Spark-Ignited (SI). The HCCI combustion model utilized a homogeneous single-zone incorporating the effects of piston motion, heat transfer, and gas phase kinetics, while the SI combustion model utilized a 2-zone modeling approach with either a prescribed Wiebe function heat release, or a semi-predictive flame propagation model. The engine models were validated against experimental data from conventional engines available in the literature. The results of the simulations showed that at identical engine operating conditions and analogous geometrics, the Jones offered slightly reduced efficiency in HCCI and SI combustion modes, but with significantly higher output torque due to the nature of the Jones Engine mechanism. However, the simulation results indicated several potential benefits of the Jones Engine configuration, including increased knock mitigatation in SI mode, and therefore the ability to operate with significantly higher geometric compression ratios, thereby offering higher efficiency potential.

Download or read book Engine Modeling and Control written by Rolf Isermann and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing demands for internal combustion engines with regard to fuel consumption, emissions and driveability lead to more actuators, sensors and complex control functions. A systematic implementation of the electronic control systems requires mathematical models from basic design through simulation to calibration. The book treats physically-based as well as models based experimentally on test benches for gasoline (spark ignition) and diesel (compression ignition) engines and uses them for the design of the different control functions. The main topics are: - Development steps for engine control - Stationary and dynamic experimental modeling - Physical models of intake, combustion, mechanical system, turbocharger, exhaust, cooling, lubrication, drive train - Engine control structures, hardware, software, actuators, sensors, fuel supply, injection system, camshaft - Engine control methods, static and dynamic feedforward and feedback control, calibration and optimization, HiL, RCP, control software development - Control of gasoline engines, control of air/fuel, ignition, knock, idle, coolant, adaptive control functions - Control of diesel engines, combustion models, air flow and exhaust recirculation control, combustion-pressure-based control (HCCI), optimization of feedforward and feedback control, smoke limitation and emission control This book is an introduction to electronic engine management with many practical examples, measurements and research results. It is aimed at advanced students of electrical, mechanical, mechatronic and control engineering and at practicing engineers in the field of combustion engine and automotive engineering.

Download or read book Modelling Diesel Combustion written by P. A. Lakshminarayanan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-03-03 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phenomenology of Diesel Combustion and Modeling Diesel is the most efficient combustion engine today and it plays an important role in transport of goods and passengers on land and on high seas. The emissions must be controlled as stipulated by the society without sacrificing the legendary fuel economy of the diesel engines. These important drivers caused innovations in diesel engineering like re-entrant combustion chambers in the piston, lower swirl support and high pressure injection, in turn reducing the ignition delay and hence the nitric oxides. The limits on emissions are being continually reduced. The- fore, the required accuracy of the models to predict the emissions and efficiency of the engines is high. The phenomenological combustion models based on physical and chemical description of the processes in the engine are practical to describe diesel engine combustion and to carry out parametric studies. This is because the injection process, which can be relatively well predicted, has the dominant effect on mixture formation and subsequent course of combustion. The need for improving these models by incorporating new developments in engine designs is explained in Chapter 2. With “model based control programs” used in the Electronic Control Units of the engines, phenomenological models are assuming more importance now because the detailed CFD based models are too slow to be handled by the Electronic Control Units. Experimental work is necessary to develop the basic understanding of the pr- esses.

Download or read book Reaction based Knock Predictive Modeling and Model based Stochastic Knock Limit Control of Spark ignition Engines written by Ruixue Li and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation studies the spark-ignition (SI) engine knock phenomenon, abnormal combustion due to the auto-ignition of end-gas ahead of the propagated flame front, resulting in the rapid chemical energy release with aggressive combustion, limiting the further improvement of thermal efficiency and even damaging the engine mechanically. A control-oriented combustion and pressure wave model with satisfactory accuracy and low computational effort is a necessity for the knock control strategy design. This dissertation develops a control-oriented knock predictive model that includes a two-zone reaction-based combustion model and a pressure wave model. This knock predictive model is capable of accurately describing the combustion process of a spark-ignited engine and predict the in-cylinder pressure oscillations under knocking combustion in real-time. Based on this model, a feedforward and feedback stochastic knock limit control strategy is developed to reduce the knock cyclic variability and control the knock mean-intensity below a desired up bound while keeping spark timing as close to engine maximum brake torque (MBT) timing as possible. A control-oriented two-zone reaction-based model to accurately describe the combustion process of a SI engine is first developed. Instead of using the conventional pre-determined Wiebe-based combustion model, a two-step chemical reaction model is utilized to predict the combustion process along with important thermodynamic parameters such as the mass-fraction-burned, in-cylinder pressure, temperatures and individual species mass changes in both zones. Sensitivities of model parameters are analyzed during the model calibration process. As a result, one set of calibration parameters are used to predict combustion characteristics over all engine operating conditions studied in this paper, which is the major advantage of the proposed method. Also, the proposed modeling approach is capable of modeling the combustion process for real-time simulations. As the by-product of the model, engine knock can also be predicted based on the Arrhenius integral in the unburned zone, which is valuable for model-based knock control. The proposed combustion model is intensively validated using the experimental data with a peak relative prediction error of 6.2% for the in-cylinder pressure. Based on this validated combustion model, a control-oriented pressure wave model for SI engines is further developed. This model is capable of predicting the in-cylinder pressure oscillations under knocking combustion in real-time and can be used for the model-based knock prediction and control. A pressure wave equation including the knock deadening behavior is proposed, simplified, and used to calculate the pressure perturbations generated by the knocking combustion. The boundary and initial conditions at knock onset are analyzed and the analytic solution of the pressure wave equation is obtained. The model is calibrated and validated over two different engine operating conditions at knock limit. The chemical kinetic-based Arrhenius integral (ARI) and the KI20 are used as the evaluation methods for knock onset and intensity prediction, and the knock frequency is studied with a fast Fourier transform of the filtered in-cylinder pressure oscillations. Especially, the knock characteristics associated with gas mixture properties at intake valve closing is analyzed based on the experimental data and their effect to knock cycle-to-cycle variation is also studied for the proposed model. In addition, this dissertation studies the correlation between in-cylinder mixture temperature at intake valve closing and the engine knock, along with knock cyclic variability based on the knock predictive model. A strong correlation between the intake temperature and knock intensity has been obtained and validated based on the simulation investigation and experiment data obtained at knock limit. Therefore, a model-based feedforward and feedback stochastic knock limit control strategy is developed to reduce the knock cycle-to-cycle variability and maintain the knock mean-intensity within a desired up bound by controlling the spark timing as close to MBT timing as possible. The control performance is validated with the simulation results to show the capability of the model-based feedforward and feedback stochastic knock limit control in significantly reducing the knock cyclic variability and improving the knock intensity distribution for the best fuel economy.

Download or read book Internal Combustion Engines Improving Performance Fuel Economy and Emissions written by Federico Millo and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2020-10-02 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Special Issue, consisting of 14 papers, presents the latest findings concerning both numerical and experimental investigations. Their aim is to achieve a reduction in pollutant emissions, as well as an improvement in fuel economy and performance, for internal combustion engines. This will provide readers with a comprehensive, unbiased, and scientifically sound overview of the most recent research and technological developments in this field. More specific topics include: 3D CFD detailed analysis of the fuel injection, combustion and exhaust aftertreatments processes, 1D and 0D, semi-empirical, neural network-based control-oriented models, experimental analysis and the optimization of both conventional and innovative combustion processes.

Download or read book Modeling and Analysis of an HCCI Engine During Thermal Transients Using a Thermodynamic Cycle Simulation with a Coupled Wall Thermal Network written by Kyoungjoon Chang and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Understanding Fuel Anti knock Performances in Modern SI Engines Using Fundamental HCCI Experiments written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern spark-ignition (SI) engine technologies have considerably changed in-cylinder conditions under which fuel autoignition and engine knock take place. In this paper, fundamental HCCI engine experiments are proposed as a means for characterizing the impact of these technologies on the knock propensity of different fuels. In particular, the impacts of turbocharging, direct injection (DI), and downspeeding on operation with ethanol and gasoline are investigated to demonstrate this approach. Results reported earlier for ethanol and gasoline on HCCI combustion are revisited with the new perspective of how their autoignition characteristics fit into the anti-knock requirement in modern SI engines. For example, the weak sensitivity to pressure boost demonstrated by ethanol in HCCI autoignition can be used to explain the strong knock resistance of ethanol fuels for turbocharged SI engines. Further, ethanol's high sensitivity to charge temperature makes charge cooling, which can be produced by fuel vaporization via direct injection or by piston expansion via spark-timing retard, very effective for inhibiting knock. On the other hand, gasoline autoignition shows a higher sensitivity to pressure, so only very low pressure boost can be applied before knock occurs. Gasoline also demonstrates low temperature sensitivity, so it is unable to make as effective use of the charge cooling produced by fuel vaporization or spark retard. These arguments comprehensively explain literature results on ethanol's substantially better anti-knock performance over gasoline in modern turbocharged DISI engines. Fundamental HCCI experiments such as these can thus be used as a diagnostic and predictive tool for knock-limited SI engine performance for various fuels. As a result, examples are presented where HCCI experiments are used to identify biofuel compounds with good potential for modern SI-engine applications.