Download or read book X ray Spectroscopies of Warm Dense Matter written by Oliver Hoidn and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation provides a perspective on the role of x-ray spectroscopy and diffraction diagnostics in experimental studies of warm dense matter (WDM). The primary focus of the work I discuss is the development of techniques to measure the structure and state variables of laboratory-generated WDM with a view towards both phenomenlogy and placing contraints on theoretical models. I present techniques adapted to two experimental venues for WDM studies: large-scale laser plasma facilities and x-ray free electron lasers. My focus is on the latter, in the context of which I have studied a dose enhancement technique that exploits nonlocal heat transport in nanostructured targets and considered several aspects of optimizing x-ray diffraction measurements. This work came into play in beam runs at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) in which my group performed x-ray diffraction studies of several materials heated to eV-scale temperatures. The results from these experiments include confirmation of the persistence of long-range crystalline order upon heating of metal oxides to tens of eV temperarures on the 40 fs timescale. One material, MgO, additionally manifested a surprising anomalous early onset in delocalization of valence charge density, contradicting predictions of all models based on either ground state electronic structure or (high-energy density) plasma physics. This particular result outlines a future path for studies of ordered insulators heated to temperatures on the order of the band gap. Such experiments will offer strong tests of electronic strucure theory, implementing a scientific approach that sees measurement of real-space charge density via x-ray diffraction (XRD) as a particularly effectve means to constrain density functional theory (DFT)-based modeling of the solid state/plasma transitional regime.
Download or read book Ultrafast X Ray Absorption Spectroscopy of Isochorically Heated Warm Dense Matter written by Kyle Craig Engelhorn and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation will present a series of new tools, together with new techniques, focused on the understanding of warm and dense matter. We report on the development of a high time resolution and high detection efficiency x-ray camera. The camera is integrated with a short pulse laser and an x-ray beamline at the Advanced Light Source synchrotron. This provides an instrument for single shot, broadband x-ray absorption spectroscopy of warm and dense matter with 2 picosecond time resolution. Warm and dense matter is created by isochorically heating samples of known density with an ultrafast optical laser pulse, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy probes the unoccupied electronic density of states before the onset of hydrodynamic expansion and electron-ion equilibrium is reached. Measured spectra from a variety of materials are compared with first principle molecular dynamics and density functional theory calculations. In heated silicon dioxide spectra, two novel pre-edge features are observed, a peak below the band gap and absorption within the band gap, while a reduction was observed in the features above the edge. From consideration of the calculated spectra, the peak below the gap is attributed to valence electrons that have been promoted to the conduction band, the absorption within the gap is attributed to broken Si-O bonds, and the reduction above the edge is attributed to an elevated ionic temperature. In heated copper spectra, a time-dependent shift and broadening of the absorption edge are observed, consistent with and elevated electron temperature. The temporal evolution of the electronic temperature is accurately determined by fitting the measured spectra with calculated spectra. The electron-ion equilibration is studied with a two-temperature model. In heated nickel spectra, a shift of the absorption edge is observed. This shift is found to be inconsistent with calculated spectra and independent of incident laser fluence. A shift of the chemical potential is applied to the calculated spectra to obtain satisfactory agreement with measured spectra.
Download or read book Innovative XUV and X ray Plasma Spectroscopy to Explore Warm Dense Matter written by Ulf Zastrau and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book X Ray Absorption and X Ray Emission Spectroscopy 2 Volume Set written by Jeroen A. van Bokhoven and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-03-21 with total page 940 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: X-Ray Absorption and X-ray Emission Spectroscopy: Theory and Applications During the last two decades, remarkable and often spectacular progress has been made in the methodological and instrumental aspects of x-ray absorption and emission spectroscopy. This progress includes considerable technological improvements in the design and production of detectors especially with the development and expansion of large-scale synchrotron reactors All this has resulted in improved analytical performance and new applications, as well as in the perspective of a dramatic enhancement in the potential of x-ray based analysis techniques for the near future. This comprehensive two-volume treatise features articles that explain the phenomena and describe examples of X-ray absorption and emission applications in several fields, including chemistry, biochemistry, catalysis, amorphous and liquid systems, synchrotron radiation, and surface phenomena. Contributors explain the underlying theory, how to set up X-ray absorption experiments, and how to analyze the details of the resulting spectra. X-Ray Absorption and X-ray Emission Spectroscopy: Theory and Applications: Combines the theory, instrumentation and applications of x-ray absorption and emission spectroscopies which offer unique diagnostics to study almost any object in the Universe. Is the go-to reference book in the subject for all researchers across multi-disciplines since intense beams from modern sources have revolutionized x-ray science in recent years Is relevant to students, postdocurates and researchers working on x-rays and related synchrotron sources and applications in materials, physics, medicine, environment/geology, and biomedical materials
Download or read book Radiative Properties Of Hot Dense Matter Proceedings Of The International Workshop written by W Goldstein and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1991-11-27 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings contains contributions dealing with the radiative properties of dense plasmas, including radiative transport, opacity, atomic processes, spectroscopy, line-shapes and hydrodynamic behavior. Laser-produced plasmas are a primary focus . The latest experimental and theoretical developments are presented and discussed. New results are reported for plasma opacity modeling, plasma-dependent atomic processes, absorption spectroscopy of laser-produced plasmas, statistical treatments of spectral line clusters, and ultra-short pulse laser-plasma spectroscopy.
Download or read book Radiative Properties of Hot Dense Matter written by W. Goldstein and published by World Scientific Publishing Company Incorporated. This book was released on 1991 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Warm Dense Matter Laboratory Generati written by RILEY and published by . This book was released on 2021-04-13 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plasma Scattering of Electromagnetic Radiation written by John Sheffield and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-11-25 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work presents one of the most powerful methods of plasma diagnosis in exquisite detail, to guide researchers in the theory and measurement techniques of light scattering in plasmas. Light scattering in plasmas is essential in the research and development of fusion energy, environmental solutions, and electronics.Referred to as the "Bible" by researchers, the work encompasses fusion and industrial applications essential in plasma research. It is the only comprehensive resource specific to the plasma scattering technique. It provides a wide-range of experimental examples and discussion of their principles with worked examples to assist researchers in applying the theory. - Computing techniques for solving basic equations helps researchers compare data to the actual experiment - New material on advances on the experimental side, such as the application of high density plasmas of inertial fusion - Worked out examples of the scattering technique for easier comprehension of theory
Download or read book Using Collective X ray Thomson Scattering to Measure Temperature and Density of Warm Dense Matter written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collective x-ray Thomson scattering allows measuring plasmons, i.e electron plasma oscillations (Langmuir waves). This is manifest in the appearance of spectrally up- and down-shifted spectral features in addition to the Rayleigh signal. The ratio of the up- and down-shifted signals is directly related to detailed balance, allowing to determine the plasma temperature from first principles. The spectral shift of the plasmon signals is sensitive to temperature and electron density. We discuss the experimental considerations that have to be fulfilled to observe plasmon signals with x-ray Thomson scattering. As an example, we describe an experiment that used the Cl Ly-[alpha] x-ray line at 2.96 keV to measure collective Thomson scattering from solid beryllium, isochorically heated to 18 eV. Since temperature measurement based on detailed balance is based on first principles, this method is important to validate models that, for example, calculate the static ion-ion structure factor S{sub ii}(k).
Download or read book Frontiers and Challenges in Warm Dense Matter written by Frank Graziani and published by Springer Science & Business. This book was released on 2014-04-28 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Warm Dense Matter (WDM) occupies a loosely defined region of phase space intermediate between solid, liquid, gas, and plasma, and typically shares characteristics of two or more of these phases. WDM is generally associated with the combination of strongly coupled ions and moderately degenerate electrons, and careful attention to quantum physics and electronic structure is essential. The lack of a small perturbation parameter greatly limits approximate attempts at its accurate description. Since WDM resides at the intersection of solid state and high energy density physics, many high energy density physics (HEDP) experiments pass through this difficult region of phase space. Thus, understanding and modeling WDM is key to the success of experiments on diverse facilities. These include the National Ignition Campaign centered on the National Ignition Facility (NIF), pulsed-power driven experiments on the Z machine, ion-beam-driven WDM experiments on the NDCX-II, and fundamental WDM research at the Linear Coherent Light Source (LCLS). Warm Dense Matter is also ubiquitous in planetary science and astrophysics, particularly with respect to unresolved questions concerning the structure and age of the gas giants, the nature of exosolar planets, and the cosmochronology of white dwarf stars. In this book we explore established and promising approaches to the modeling of WDM, foundational issues concerning the correct theoretical description of WDM, and the challenging practical issues of numerically modeling strongly coupled systems with many degrees of freedom.
Download or read book X Ray Lasers 2016 written by Tetsuya Kawachi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-23 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings comprise a selection of invited and contributed papers presented at the 15th International Conference on X-Ray Lasers (ICXRL 2016), held at the Nara Kasugano International Forum, Japan, from May 22 to 27, 2016. This conference was part of an ongoing series dedicated to recent developments in the science and technology of x-ray lasers and other coherent x-ray sources with additional focus on supporting technologies, instrumentation and applications. The book showcases recent advances in the generation of intense, coherent x-rays, the development of practical devices and their applications across a wide variety of fields. It also discusses emerging topics such as plasma-based x-ray lasers, 4th generation accelerator-based sources and higher harmonic generations, as well as other x-ray generation schemes.
Download or read book Study of Laser irradiated Gas Jet Plasmas and Warm Dense Matter Using X ray Scattering Spectroscopy and Imaging written by Nathan Louis Kugland and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book X ray Continuum Emission Spectroscopy from Hot Dense Matter at Gbar Pressures written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Isochoric Heating Into the Warm Dense Matter Regime by Laser solid Produced K alpha X rays written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of matter at near solid density and at temperatures of 1-10 eV is a great challenge to both experimentalists and theorists, because such matter exhibits internal energy density which is very high but insufficient to overpower the inter-atomic potentials. This form of matter, intermediate to condensed matter and plasmas, exists in many astrophysical systems. In this paper, we describe an experimental program to study solid-density matter heated to temperatures near 1 eV per atom with ultrafast pulses of x-rays. An intense, ultra-short laser pulse incident upon a thin foil produces a burst of K-[alpha] x-rays, which are used to flash heat an adjacent bulk sample. Optical interferometric probing of the sample with sub-ps time resolution allows us to measure its expansion into vacuum upon heating. K-[alpha] source target properties are optimized for irradiation of the adjacent sample. Initial results on K-[alpha] yields and heating of Al foils will be discussed.
Download or read book Predictions of X ray Scattering Spectra in Warm Dense Matter written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book X ray Scattering from Warm Dense Matter written by María Elena García Saiz and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Radiative Properties of Hot Dense Matter written by W. Goldstein and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
