Download or read book When Europe meets Bismarck written by Thomas Kostera and published by Editions de l'Université de Bruxelles. This book was released on 2019-05-03 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What happens when the European Union sets new rules for the provision of cross-border healthcare services that once were conceived for the population living on the national territory ? This books presents how new rules on the provision of cross-border healthcare in the European Union have the potential of destabilizing national welfare boundaries. A book of political science that takes Austria, a prototypical Bismarckian healthcare system, as an example, and aims at answering questions by looking at how actors navigate between national institutional constraints and European opportunities. EXTRAIT More than 30 years ago, the social security systems of OECD states were diagnosed to be in crisis. This crisis heralded in the end of the “Golden Age” of the national welfare state. The European OECD states, which were also part of the European Community, all witnessed rising unemployment in the wake of the oil crises, and as a result of economic openness to world markets and rising competition of labor costs, Keynesian economic policies of deficit spending became unavailable as an option to revive the economy. Not only did external processes of globalization demand adaptations of the welfare states, but also internal factors such as the rising age of populations and the change of family patterns questioned whether European welfare states were still capable of delivering for national populations, and how classical branches of the welfare state such as unemployment insurance, pension systems and healthcare systems should be adapted to meet these new challenges (Esping-Andersen, 1996). Along with this crisis diagnosis of the welfare state in general, healthcare systems have become the center of governments’ attention since the 1980s, as spending on health policies has increased while the number people contributing to the social security schemes has decreased due to rising unemployment and slow economic growth. Insofar, healthcare mirrors the challenges that welfare states face in general.
Download or read book Bismarck and Europe written by William Norton Medlicott and published by Hodder Education. This book was released on 1971 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bismarck and Germany written by D.G. Williamson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bismarck’s role in the unification and consolidation of Germany is central to any understanding of Germany's development as a nation and its consequent role as aggressor in two world wars. This study provides students with a concise, up-to-date and analytical account of Bismarck's role in modern German history. Williamson guides readers through the complex events leading to the defeats of Austria and France in 1866 and 1870 and the subsequent creation of a united Germany in January 1871. He then explores the domestic and foreign problems Bismarck faced up to 1890 in consolidating unification.
Download or read book Bismarck written by Edward Crankshaw and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2011-09-28 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The awesome figure of Otto von Bismarck, the 'Iron Chancellor', dominated Europe in the late 19th century. His legendary political genius and ruthless will engineered Prussia's stunning defeat of the Austrian Empire and, in 1871, led to his most dazzling achievement - the defeat of France and the unification of Germany. In this highly acclaimed biography, first published in 1981, Edward Crankshaw provides a perceptive look at the career of the First Reich's mighty founder - at his brilliant abilities and severe limitations and at the people who granted him the power to transform the shape and destiny of Europe. "Bismark is a biographical masterpiece, an opus that is truly magnificent." -The Spectator
Download or read book Bismarck written by Volker Ullrich and published by Haus Publishing. This book was released on 2015-08-15 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Otto von Bismarck (1815–98) has gone down in history as the Iron Chancellor, a reactionary and militarist whose 1871 unification of Germany set Europe down the path of disaster to World War I. But as Volker Ullrich shows in this new edition of his accessible biography, the real Bismarck was far more complicated than the stereotype. A leading historian of nineteenth- and twentieth-century history, Ullrich demonstrates that the “Founder of the Reich” was in fact an opponent of liberal German nationalism. After the wars of 1866 and 1870, Bismarck spent the rest of his career working to preserve peace in Europe and protect the empire he had created. Despite his reputation as an enemy of socialism, he introduced comprehensive health and unemployment insurance for German workers. Far from being a “man of iron and blood,” Bismarck was in fact a complex statesman who was concerned with maintaining stability and harmony far beyond Germany’s newly unified borders. Comprehensive and balanced, Bismarck shows us the post-reunification value of looking anew at this monumental figure’s role in European history.
Download or read book BISMARCK AND THE GERMAN EMPIRE written by ERICH EYCK and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bismarck written by Jonathan Steinberg and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-06-01 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This riveting, New York Times bestselling biography illuminates the life of Otto von Bismarck, the statesman who unified Germany but who also embodied everything brutal and ruthless about Prussian culture. Jonathan Steinberg draws heavily on contemporary writings, allowing Bismarck's friends and foes to tell the story. What rises from these pages is a complex giant of a man: a hypochondriac with the constitution of an ox, a brutal tyrant who could easily shed tears, a convert to an extreme form of evangelical Protestantism who secularized schools and introduced civil divorce. Bismarck may have been in sheer ability the most intelligent man to direct a great state in modern times. His brilliance and insight dazzled his contemporaries. But all agreed there was also something demonic, diabolical, overwhelming, beyond human attributes, in Bismarck's personality. He was a kind of malign genius who, behind the various postures, concealed an ice-cold contempt for his fellow human beings and a drive to control and rule them. As one contemporary noted: "the Bismarck regime was a constant orgy of scorn and abuse of mankind, collectively and individually." In this comprehensive and expansive biography--a brilliant study in power--Jonathan Steinberg brings Bismarck to life, revealing the stark contrast between the "Iron Chancellor's" unmatched political skills and his profoundly flawed human character.
Download or read book The Ailing Empire Germany from Bismarck to Hitler written by Sebastian Haffner and published by Plunkett Lake Press. This book was released on 2019-08-16 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using his skills as a journalist, historian, and memoirist, Sebastian Haffner (author ofThe Meaning of Hitler) traces the development of the German Empire (1871-1945) and the central role of warfare that characterized the Reich. Haffner contends that Germany’s unfavorable geographic position had much to do with the state’s belligerence and that, from its inception, created the conflicts that culminated in two world wars. “The fruit of decades of study, the moving and sometimes very personal testament of an author whose works more than any others have influenced public opinion and challenged academic historians.” — Die Zeit “A brilliant work from the top hat of a powerful historical magician.” — Rudolf Augstein, Der Spiegel “A thoroughly successful work.” — Wiener Tagblatt “A book with more historical insights than a whole pile of learned volumes.” —Münchner Abendzeitung “The history of the Third Reich in just 43 pages? Impossible to do more than discuss a few features superficially. But not with Sebastian Haffner. This brilliant thinker — a journalist turned historian — reveals the fundamental lines of development in a way that anyone can follow. The pages bristle with questions and unexpected answers. The 300 pages of ‘The Ailing Empire’ contain more clever and original insights into German history between 1871 and 1945 than many a weighty tome.” — Dieter Wunderlich “This illuminating survey by a German journalist focuses on the continuities and discontinuities of the modern German Reich ... Haffner argues that the founding of the state was never regarded as a climactic achievement but rather as a springboard for expansion, and that Germany’s unfavorable geographic position had much to do with the state’s armed belligerence. The author also contends that the Reich was self-destructive almost from the beginning, creating a host of enemies who brought it to its knees in two world wars and eventually divided it. He describes how Hitler accelerated the catastrophic finish of the Reich by inopportunely taking on both the Russians and Americans, then tried to turn military defeat into the annihilation of the German people with his Nero Directive of March 18-19, 1945.” — Publishers Weekly “[The Ailing Empire] tells the story of yesterday’s Germans who made today. It is a story Americans must understand.” — San-Diego Union “Sebastian Haffner has written a book that traces the path of Germany’s political self-destruction, and offers a realistic account of the war’s real causes ... It is a highly readable analysis of the road from Bismarck to Hitler ... This book, based on many previously unpublished accounts, is a devastating portrait of human society.” —Chattanooga Times “This is a highly readable analysis of German history over the last century. A long-time journalist, Haffner asserts that the foundations of the German Reich were an inadequate basis for a modern nation state and contained the seeds of its own destruction. Though lacking documentation, Haffner’s first-hand recollections of the Nazi era are most interesting. Particularly noteworthy are his observations on daily life during the regime and his judgment regarding those literary and artistic ‘antis’ who chose ‘internal emigration’ within the Hitler state.” — Library Journal
Download or read book Gambling on War written by Roger L. Ransom and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-28 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The First World War left a legacy of chaos that is still with us a century later. Why did European leaders resort to war and why did they not end it sooner? Roger L. Ransom sheds new light on this enduring puzzle by employing insights from prospect theory and notions of risk and uncertainty. He reveals how the interplay of confidence, fear, and a propensity to gamble encouraged aggressive behavior by leaders who pursued risky military strategies in hopes of winning the war. The result was a series of military disasters and a war of attrition which gradually exhausted the belligerents without producing any hope of ending the war. Ultimately, he shows that the outcome of the war rested as much on the ability of the Allied powers to muster their superior economic resources to continue the fight as it did on success on the battlefield.
Download or read book The Summer Capitals of Europe 1814 1919 written by Marina Soroka and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- List of figures -- Acknowledgements -- List of abbreviations -- Introduction -- PART I: Spa life -- 1 Shrines-springs-spas -- 2 Therapy versus pleasure -- 3 Spa society -- 4 Making money out of pleasure -- PART II: Business of Europe -- 5 Royalty at spas -- 6 Era of congresses -- 7 Looking after Europe -- 8 Secret diplomacy -- 9 Puppets and puppeteers: Summer of 1870 in Ems -- 10 Bismarck's cures -- 11 Rapprochements -- 12 The flight from spas and the end of an era: 1914-1919 -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Index
Download or read book A Long Goodbye to Bismarck written by Bruno Palier and published by Amsterdam University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bruno Palier is CNRS Researcher at Sciences Po Paris. --
Download or read book The Decline of Bismarck s European Order written by George Frost Kennan and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-01 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an attempt to discover some of the underlying origins of World War I, the eminent diplomat and writer George Kennan focuses on a small sector of offstage events to show how they affected the drama at large long before the war even began. In the introduction to his book George Kennan tells us, "I came to see World War I . . . as the great seminal catastrophe of this century--the event which . . . lay at the heart of the failure and decline of this Western civilization." But, he asks, who could help being struck by the contrast between this apocalyptic result and the "delirious euphoria" of the crowds on the streets of Europe at the outbreak of war in 1914! "Were we not," he suggests, "in the face of some monstrous miscalculation--some pervasive failure to read correctly the outward indicators of one's own situation?" It is from this perspective that Mr. Kennan launches a "micro-history" of the Franco-Russian relationship as far back as the 1870s in an effort to determine the motives that led people "to wander so blindly" into the horrors of the First World War.
Download or read book Twentieth Century Germany From Bismarck to Brandt written by A.J. Ryder and published by Springer. This book was released on 1973-06-18 with total page 687 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Meet General Grant written by William E. Woodward and published by . This book was released on 1928 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amerikansk historie, USA's historie, amerikansk biografi om General Ulysses S. Grant, 1822-1889, som først havde en militær karriere, bl.a. i Mexican War, og blev en berømt general i Nordstatshæren, Union Army, under den Amerikanske Borgerkrig, 1861-1865, og senere endte som amerikansk president. Beskriver hans liv, levnedsløb og militære og politiske karriere. Udkom i 1928.
Download or read book Bismarck and the Creation of the Second Reich written by Friedrich Darmstaedter and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-29 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chancellor Otto Bismarck's "greatness" lay in what he created, the German Reich of 1871. This Reich was the product of his genius, and in it his genius took complete shape. In less than a decade German chaos was brought to an end and in its place a homogeneous state began to arise. The structure of this state left no room for opposing political forces, but rather made ready a roof under which these forces might rally, support each other, and gain strength. Bismarck and the Creation of the Second Reich begins as a biography but continues as a description of his political life and the ideas that led to the birth of an authoritarian political culture.The community from which Bismarck formed his conception of the state was first the family and clan, then the landlord caste, and finally the people. These communities found their unifying force in the Kaiser, who as their patriarchal head enjoyed divine honors as ruler by the grace of God. The existence of the state was justified as the framework within which these communities existed, and it had thus a biological as well as a religious content. This idea of the state as the supreme moral command of religion was too powerful a driving force to be dropped in favor of the rational view of the state as a potential war machine. Bismarck reconciled the two concepts by use of the concept of a "people in arms," an idea which had originated in German history as a means of defense, but which was changed into one of aggression. In order to become a means of aggression it was changed into a moral precept commanded by religion, and indeed into the supreme precept.Through the unfolding of the political life of Bismarck, we find the roots of the Nazi Third Reich--the inability of the people to educate themselves about politics enough to effect any change or satisfy their own political needs. In this loss of control, the authoritarian regime grew stronger. Though Bismarck's work led to the creation and implementation of the Second Reich, "it is in the Third Reich that we find the devilish distortion that was its fruit." This volume is an essential tool for understanding twentieth-century German history.
Download or read book Grant and Temperley s Europe in the Nineteenth Century 1789 1905 written by Arthur James Grant and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-12-16 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This seventh edition of 'Grant and Temperley' has been comprehensively revised and rewritten by the distinguished historian Agatha Ramm. Its coverage has been greatly extended , and it now appears in two volume. This, volume one, covers the nineteenth century 1789-1905 and the second the period 1905-1970.
Download or read book Access to History The Unification of Germany and the Challenge of Nationalism 1789 1919 Fifth Edition written by Vivienne Sanders and published by Hodder Education. This book was released on 2020-09-14 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exam board: Pearson Edexcel; OCR Level: AS/A-level Subject: History First teaching: September 2015 First exams: Summer 2016 (AS); Summer 2017 (A-level) Put your trust in the textbook series that has given thousands of A-level History students deeper knowledge and better grades for over 30 years. Updated to meet the demands of today's A-level specifications, this new generation of Access to History titles includes accurate exam guidance based on examiners' reports, free online activity worksheets and contextual information that underpins students' understanding of the period. - Develop strong historical knowledge: In-depth analysis of each topic is both authoritative and accessible - Build historical skills and understanding: Downloadable activity worksheets can be used independently by students or edited by teachers for classwork and homework - Learn, remember and connect important events and people: An introduction to the period, summary diagrams, timelines and links to additional online resources support lessons, revision and coursework - Achieve exam success: Practical advice matched to the requirements of your A-level specification incorporates the lessons learnt from previous exams - Engage with sources, interpretations and the latest historical research: Students will evaluate a rich collection of visual and written materials, plus key debates that examine the views of different historians
