Download or read book What Can We Learn About Uncertain Tax Benefits from Fin 48 written by Jennifer Blouin and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FIN 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, standardizes accounting for uncertain tax benefits and requires companies to disclose their tax reserve amounts. We summarize hand-collected disclosures related to tax reserves from 2005 through the first quarter of 2007. For the largest 100 non-financial, non-regulated firms, the reserve at adoption on January 1, 2007 is $78 billion excluding interest, or about two percent of assets. Of this $78 billion, an estimated $58 billion would affect earnings if ever released.
Download or read book What Can We Learn About Uncertain Tax Benefits from FIN 48 written by Jennifer Blouin and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FIN 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, standardizes accounting for uncertain tax benefits and requires companies to disclose their tax reserve amounts. We summarize hand-collected disclosures related to tax reserves from 2005 through the first quarter of 2007. For the largest 100 non-financial, non-regulated firms, the reserve at adoption on January 1, 2007 is $78 billion excluding interest, or about two percent of assets. Of this $78 billion, an estimated $58 billion would affect earnings if ever released.
Download or read book Fin 48 Answer Book 2009 Edition written by Mark L. Friedlich and published by CCH. This book was released on 2008-08 with total page 974 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FIN 48 Answer Book is designed to for practitioners who need quick and authoritative answers to questions concerning the implementation of FIN 48. This book uses simple straightforward language to provide guidance on consistent accounting practices and criteria for enterprises reporting tax benefits from uncertain tax positions. The question-and-answer format, with its breadth of coverage, effectively conveys the complex subject matter of implementing and applying FIN 48.
Download or read book FIN 48 and Tax Compliance written by Lillian F. Mills and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We develop a model to examine the effects of Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (FIN 48), on the strategic interaction between publicly-traded corporate taxpayers and the government. Several of our findings contradict conjectures voiced by members of the business community regarding the economic effects of implementing FIN 48. Specifically, taxpayers with strong facts obtain higher expected payoffs from uncertain tax benefits and some disclosed liabilities understate the expected tax liability. Consistent with the common conjectures, however, some taxpayers are more likely to be audited or are deterred from entering into transactions that generate uncertain benefits because of FIN 48.
Download or read book Did FIN 48 Improve Comparability in the Financial Reporting of Income Taxes written by John D. Phillips and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigates whether Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 48 (FIN 48), Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, improved comparability in the financial reporting of income tax expense. This research is important because it provides evidence on whether the standard improved comparability in accounting for income taxes. It also provides evidence useful to market participants in evaluating the decision usefulness of reported tax information. We use a comparability measure developed by De Franco et al. (2011) and, by definition, compute the comparability of income tax expense as the difference in comparability between pre-tax and after-tax income. We find that FIN 48 improved the comparability of income tax expense for more tax aggressive firms and firms that managed earnings prior to the issuance of FIN 48. This evidence is consistent with improved consistency in the measurement and recognition of uncertain tax benefits under FIN 48 leading to an improvement in income tax expense comparability for firms most likely to have greater uncertain tax positions and for firms that used the tax reserve to opportunistically manage earnings.
Download or read book Are Tax and Non tax Factors Associated with Fin 48 Disclosures written by Janet L. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the determinants of tax aggressiveness. I utilize the unrecognized tax benefits (UTB) disclosed by the adoption of Financial Interpretation No. 48, "Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes" (FIN 48) to proxy for firms̕̕ tax aggressiveness. I hand collect UTB disclosures for 562 calendar year-end firms in the S & P 1500. Controlling for firms̕ incentives and abilities to engage in aggressive tax positions (tax factors) and firms̕ discretion over recognizing the financial reporting benefits of aggressive tax positions, I examine whether firms̕ level of aggressive tax positions is influenced by (1) financial reporting aggressiveness, (2) choice of auditor, (3) analyst coverage, and (4) corporate governance quality. Using ordinary least squares regression, I examine the determinants of firms total UTB and its permanent and temporary components. I find that UTB and its permanent component are positively associated with firm size, presence of foreign operations, research and development activity, selling, general and administrative activity, firm value, and the probability that the firm engages in tax shelter activity. However, the temporary component is only increasing in firm size. Also, I find that UTB and its permanent component are positively associated with firms engaging in financial reporting aggressiveness and increasing auditor provided tax services, but negatively associated with analyst coverage, while the temporary component is only positively associated with financial reporting aggressiveness. Finally, I split the sample based on firms̕ use of discretion over recognizing the tax benefits of aggressive tax positions prior to FIN 48 adoption. I find that firms which aggressively recognize tax benefits prior to FIN 48 adoption (i.e. firms that increased UTBs at FIN 48 adoption) have UTBs that are positive and significantly associated with (1) the probability that a firm engages in tax shelter activity, (2) auditor provided tax services, and (3) their record of using last chance earnings management to meet or beat analyst forecasts. These associations are not significant for firms that did not aggressively recognize tax benefits prior to FIN 48 adoption, suggesting that firms̕ financial reporting aggressiveness is positively associated with firms̕ level of tax aggression.
Download or read book FIN 48 written by David M. Sheehan and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "New FASB Interpretation 48 on Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes ("FIN 48") will soon become effective, setting new thresholds for recognizing and measuring the benefits of a company's tax return positions in its financial statements."
Download or read book FIN 48 written by Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP. and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Much Uncertainty About Uncertain Tax Positions written by Robert Probasco and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) announced in January 2010 a new initiative to require certain businesses to report “uncertain tax positions” on a new schedule filed with their annual tax returns. Draft schedules and instructions issued in April 2010 clarified some of the mechanical aspects of the new requirement but left many open issues and questions. The IRS proposal built on requirements by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) in FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“FIN 48”). The standard requires companies, in their financial statements, to reserve some of the benefits from any position taken on their tax returns unless it is more likely than not that the IRS would fully concede the issue prior to litigation if it arose during an audit.The article describes the proposals and then discusses concerns and open issues. The most significant concerns include that, as a practical matter, information asymmetry may result in overly aggressive positions taken by the IRS and the IRS may not have the administrative capacity to use the additional information properly. The proposal also raises concerns about privilege and waiver, particularly with respect to the work-product doctrine and tax accrual workpapers.
Download or read book Accounting for Income Taxes written by John R. Graham and published by Now Pub. This book was released on 2012-11-09 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accounting for Income Taxes is the most comprehensive review of AFIT research. It is designed both to introduce new scholars to this field and to encourage active researchers to expand frontiers related to accounting for income taxes. Accounting for Income Taxes includes both a primer about the rules governing AFIT (Sections 3-4) and a review of the scholarly studies in the field (Sections 5-8). The primer uses accessible examples and clear language to express essential AFIT rules and institutional features. Section 3 reviews the basic rules and institutional details governing AFIT. Section 4 discusses ways that researchers, policymakers, and other interested parties can use the tax information in financial statements to better approximate information in the tax return. The second half of the monograph reviews the extant scholarly studies by splitting the research literature into four topics: earnings management, the association between book-tax differences and earnings characteristics, the equity market pricing of information in the tax accounts, and book-tax conformity. Section 5 focuses on the use of the tax accounts to manage earnings through the valuation allowance, the income tax contingency, and permanently reinvested foreign earnings. Section 6 discusses the association between book-tax differences and earnings characteristics, namely earnings growth and earnings persistence. Section 7 explores how tax information is reflected in share prices. Section 8 reviews the increased alignment of accounting for book purposes and tax purposes. The remainder of the paper focuses on topics of general interest in the economics and econometric literatures. Section 9 highlights some issues of general importance including a theoretical framework to interpret and guide empirical AFIT studies, the disaggregated components of book-tax differences and research opportunities as the U.S. moves toward International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Section 10 discusses econometric weaknesses that are common in AFIT research and proposes ways to mitigate their deleterious effects.
Download or read book The Effect of Mandatory Financial Statement Disclosures of Tax Uncertainty on Tax Reporting and Collections written by Sanjay Gupta and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigates the effect of accounting measurement and disclosure requirements on multistate income tax avoidance. The proliferation of sophisticated state tax planning techniques combined with the complexity of varying state tax regimes make multistate taxation an area rampant with uncertainty. The accounting standards contained in FASB Interpretation No. 48 (FIN 48) require firms to record and disclose liabilities for uncertain income tax benefits based on a more-likely-than-not merit threshold of each tax position, assuming tax authorities have full information. Theoretical work and initial practitioner claims suggested that the accounting standards would increase reported tax expense and tax payments. Consistent with this, we find that both firm-level state income tax expense and aggregate state-level income tax collections increased surrounding adoption of FIN 48, providing evidence of the association between mandatory financial reporting disclosures and tax compliance behavior.
Download or read book PPC Tax Planning Guide Closely Held Corporations written by Albert L. Grasso and published by . This book was released on 1993-08-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Taxation written by John Hasseldine and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2024-06-20 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 31 of Advances in Taxation includes studies from expert contributors, exploring topics such as: firms’ domestic and foreign effective tax rates; tax avoidance; and tax compliance. A study reviews prior literature on tax increment financing, an economic development tool frequently used by U.S. local governments.
Download or read book Differences between FIN 48 and IFRIC 23 written by Carolin Seibert and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-08-31 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uncertainties about the tax treatment of business transactions in the tax return or tax balance sheet can cause significant accounting challenges for current and deferred taxes in the financial statements. Whereas the accounting treatment of tax risks or tax audit risks has been regulated under US GAAP since 2006, a corresponding IFRS regulation was only published in 2017 and is effective from the 2019 fiscal year. The author takes this as an opportunity to analyze and critically assess the differences between the US GAAP accounting regulation “FIN 48 – Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” and the IFRS accounting regulation “IFRIC 23 – Uncertainty over Income Tax Treatments”. Building on the insights from her analysis, the author also examines the problem areas arising from IFRIC 23 from the perspective of the German tax authorities, German business practice and German advisory practice.
Download or read book Firm and Investor Responses to Uncertain Tax Benefit Disclosure Requirements written by Leslie A. Robinson and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine whether proprietary costs affect disclosure quality and how investors react to disclosure quality in a new proprietary cost setting. We apply Verrecchia's (1983) proprietary cost theory to the FIN 48 adoption setting and argue that proprietary costs result from beliefs that the new disclosures could weaken a firm's competitive position when negotiating with tax authorities. FIN 48 is an ideal setting to examine how proprietary costs affect disclosure given the proprietary nature of uncertain tax positions, and the ability to construct objective measures of both proprietary costs and disclosure quality. We construct disclosure quality scores for Samp;P 1500 firms and offer two empirical findings. First, we find a negative association between proprietary costs and disclosure quality. Second, investors reward firms for low disclosure quality, especially small firms and firms with high proprietary costs. Both findings are consistent with Verrecchia's (1983) theory, and suggest that proprietary costs moderate investor demand for full disclosure.
Download or read book Tax Avoidance Activities of U S Multinational Corporations written by Sonja Lynne Olhoft and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Model Rules of Professional Conduct written by American Bar Association. House of Delegates and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 2007 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.
