Download or read book Wastewater Blending written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Subcommittee on Water Resources and Environment and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wastewater Blending written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Subcommittee on Water Resources and Environment and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book EPA s Proposed Policy on Wastewater Blending written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In November 2003 the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) proposed a policy regarding a type of wastewater treatment practice called blending. Some cities use blending to manage peak flows of water and waste into wastewater treatment plants during and after storms as a way to prevent conditions that otherwise result in raw sewage backups into homes and other buildings or overflows into nearby waters. Blending involves routing excess wastewater around the plant's biological treatment processes and recombining this excess flow with fully treated wastewater before discharging it to a stream or lake. As of February 2005, EPA has not yet issued a final version of the blending policy, which is intended to clarify when the practice can be allowed and still adhere to Clean Water Act regulations and requirements. Although blending has been standard engineering practice for several decades as a way to manage peak stormwater flows, controversy exists about the practice, both among stakeholder groups and also internally at EPA, where enforcement officials have challenged the practice and in some cases opposed allowing cities to use it. Others at EPA believe that, with certain restrictions, the practice is legal and environmentally protective. This report provides background on blending, why and how it is practiced, EPA's proposed policy, associated issues, and congressional interest in the topic. It will be updated as warranted. Criticism of blending focuses on three concerns: legality of the practice, impacts on public health and the environment, and other policy issues. A number of groups and interests have weighed in on all of these issues, especially in comments on the November 2003 proposed policy. Environmental advocates say that the practice of blending is inconsistent with existing rules that prohibit intentional bypass of a treatment facility. These groups have also raised substantial concern about public health and environmental impacts from discharges of wastes that contain pathogenic organisms. Many cities and municipal organizations support the EPA policy and practice of blending, saying that if cities are barred from blending, they are forced to make costly infrastructure investments, with limited benefit. While a number of states support the EPA policy, others oppose it for reasons including concern that the policy would undermine incentives for cities to remedy the infrastructure problems that result in sewage overflows. In Congress, these issues have drawn some attention. In January 2004, Members with differing views wrote to EPA to express concerns about the proposed EPA policy. Congress has several options at this point, ranging from allowing EPA to handle the issue administratively, to conducting oversight of issues raised by the proposed policy, or to legislating in order to direct EPA's actions, by expressly permitting, prohibiting, or modifying the policy. Legislation intended to bar EPA from issuing blending rules or guidance was introduced in the 108th Congress (H.R. 5421), but no action occurred on the bill.
Download or read book Wastewater Blending written by United States. Congress and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-02-09 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wastewater blending : hearing before the Subcommittee on Water Resources and Environment of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, House of Representatives, One Hundred Ninth Congress, first session, April 13, 2005.
Download or read book South Bay Treated Wastewater Disposal Program written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Industrial Wastewater Systems Handbook written by Ralph L. Stephenson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-05-04 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From explanations of laws and regulations to hands-on design and operation-the Handbook has it covered!
Download or read book Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse written by Takashi Asano and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1998-06-15 with total page 1570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effective integration of water and reclaimed wastewater still requires close examination of public health issues, infrastructure and facilities planning, wastewater treatment plant siting, treatment process reliability, economic and financial analyses, and water utility management. This book assembles, analyzes, and reviews the various aspects of wastewater reclamation, recycling, and reuse in most parts of the world. It considers the effective integration of water and reclaimed wastewater, public health issues, infrastructure and facilities planning, waste-water treatment plant siting, treatment process reliability, economic and financial analysis, and water utility management.
Download or read book Wastewater Treatment Plants written by Syed R. Qasim and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 1128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Step-by-step procedures for planning, design, construction and operation: * Health and environment * Process improvements * Stormwater and combined sewer control and treatment * Effluent disposal and reuse * Biosolids disposal and reuse * On-site treatment and disposal of small flows * Wastewater treatment plants should be designed so that the effluent standards and reuse objectives, and biosolids regulations can be met with reasonable ease and cost. The design should incorporate flexibility for dealing with seasonal changes, as well as long-term changes in wastewater quality and future regulations. Good planning and design, therefore, must be based on five major steps: characterization of the raw wastewater quality and effluent, pre-design studies to develop alternative processes and selection of final process train, detailed design of the selected alternative, contraction, and operation and maintenance of the completed facility. Engineers, scientists, and financial analysts must utilize principles from a wide range of disciplines: engineering, chemistry, microbiology, geology, architecture, and economics to carry out the responsibilities of designing a wastewater treatment plant. The objective of this book is to present the technical and nontechnical issues that are most commonly addressed in the planning and design reports for wastewater treatment facilities prepared by practicing engineers. Topics discussed include facility planning, process description, process selection logic, mass balance calculations, design calculations, and concepts for equipment sizing. Theory, design, operation and maintenance, trouble shooting, equipment selection and specifications are integrated for each treatment process. Thus delineation of such information for use by students and practicing engineers is the main purpose of this book.
Download or read book Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Theory and Design Examples Volume 2 written by Syed R. Qasim and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will present the theory involved in wastewater treatment processes, define the important design parameters involved, and provide typical values of these parameters for ready reference; and also provide numerical applications and step-by-step calculation procedures in solved examples. These examples and solutions will help enhance the readers’ comprehension and deeper understanding of the basic concepts, and can be applied by plant designers to design various components of the treatment facilities. It will also examine the actual calculation steps in numerical examples, focusing on practical application of theory and principles into process and water treatment facility design.
Download or read book EPA s Proposed Policy on Wastewater Blending written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In November 2003 the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) proposed a policy regarding a type of wastewater treatment practice called blending. Some cities use blending to manage peak flows of water and waste into wastewater treatment plants during and after storms as a way to prevent conditions that otherwise result in raw sewage backups into homes and other buildings or overflows into nearby waters. Blending involves routing excess wastewater around the plant's biological treatment processes and recombining this excess flow with fully treated wastewater before discharging it to a stream or lake. As of February 2005, EPA has not yet issued a final version of the blending policy, which is intended to clarify when the practice can be allowed and still adhere to Clean Water Act regulations and requirements. Although blending has been standard engineering practice for several decades as a way to manage peak stormwater flows, controversy exists about the practice, both among stakeholder groups and also internally at EPA, where enforcement officials have challenged the practice and in some cases opposed allowing cities to use it. Others at EPA believe that, with certain restrictions, the practice is legal and environmentally protective. This report provides background on blending, why and how it is practiced, EPA's proposed policy, associated issues, and congressional interest in the topic. It will be updated as warranted. Criticism of blending focuses on three concerns: legality of the practice, impacts on public health and the environment, and other policy issues. A number of groups and interests have weighed in on all of these issues, especially in comments on the November 2003 proposed policy. Environmental advocates say that the practice of blending is inconsistent with existing rules that prohibit intentional bypass of a treatment facility. These groups have also raised substantial concern about public health and environmental impacts from discharges of wastes that contain pathogenic organisms. Many cities and municipal organizations support the EPA policy and practice of blending, saying that if cities are barred from blending, they are forced to make costly infrastructure investments, with limited benefit. While a number of states support the EPA policy, others oppose it for reasons including concern that the policy would undermine incentives for cities to remedy the infrastructure problems that result in sewage overflows. In Congress, these issues have drawn some attention. In January 2004, Members with differing views wrote to EPA to express concerns about the proposed EPA policy. Congress has several options at this point, ranging from allowing EPA to handle the issue administratively, to conducting oversight of issues raised by the proposed policy, or to legislating in order to direct EPA's actions, by expressly permitting, prohibiting, or modifying the policy. Legislation intended to bar EPA from issuing blending rules or guidance was introduced in the 108th Congress (H.R. 5421), but no action occurred on the bill.
Download or read book Fate and Persistence of Pathogens Subjected to Disinfection written by Karl G. Linden and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disinfection of wastewater is a necessary treatment process for protecting the public from potential exposure to pathogenic microorganisms because many wastewater effluents are discharged into water bodies that may be used for recreation or as future drinking water supplies. Two common forms of disinfection are chlorine and ultraviolet (UV) light. However, microorganisms differ in their susceptibility to UV and chlorine disinfectants. It is necessary to understand how different classes of pathogens respond to UV and chlorine disinfection processes in wastewater to better develop strategies for optimizing the treatment of pathogens in wastewater. It is also recognized that water quality may impact disinfection effectiveness, such as protection of pathogen by particles and disinfectant demand. This study investigated bacteria, viruses and protozoan pathogens. All species of bacteria tested were susceptible to both UV and chlorine, despite differences in antibiotic resistance and tendency to aggregate. Upon exposure to disinfection conditions that could indicate viability of the bacteria tested, but not culturability using common methods, it was found that UV and chlorine were effective in eliminating the capability of viable but non-culturable bacteria to resuscitate and become re-infective. Clostridium spores were resistant to free chlorine and UV disinfection but found to be susceptible to long exposure to monochloramine. Cryptosporidium was resistant to all chlorine forms but very susceptible to UV irradiation. Pathogenic and indicator viruses tested were very susceptible to free chlorine and UV disinfection. UV radiation throughout the 200 to 300 nm range was effective for inactivation of viruses and C. parvum, but wavelengths between 260-270 nm and below 220 nm appeared to be more effective for viruses, suggesting a possible advantage for polychromatic UV sources. Sequential disinfection strategies were proposed and tested to enhance inactivation of various microorganisms. One scenario integrated UV disinfection followed by dynamic chloramination through addition of free chlorine and subsequent transformation to combined chlorine. Further, disinfection of microorganisms in wastewater presents challenges that are inherent to the water matrix, such as pathogens associated with particles. UV and chlorine were both effective for disinfection of coliform in wastewater but chlorine was found to be more effective during long contact times for inactivation of particle associated coliform. In addition to coliform, both Cryptosporidium parvum and Salmonella typhimurium were identified as being particle associated in wastewater using molecular approaches developed to detect microbes in environmental samples
Download or read book Decontamination and Waste Treatment Facility DWTF Final Environmental Assessment EA B1 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Industrial Mixing written by Suzanne M. Kresta and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-10-21 with total page 1032 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Industrial Mixing is a companion volume and update to the Handbook of Industrial Mixing. The second volume fills in gaps for a number of industries that were not covered in the first edition. Significant changes in five of the fundamental areas are covered in entirely updated or new chapters. The original text is provided as a searchable pdf file on the accompanying USB. This book explains industrial mixers and mixing problems clearly and concisely. Gives practical insights by the top professionals in the field, combining industrial design standards with fundamental insight. Details applications in 14 key industries. Six of these are new since the first edition. Provides the professional with information he/she did not receive in school. Five completely rewritten chapters on mixing fundamentals where significant advances have happened since the first edition and seven concise update chapters which summarize critical technical information.
Download or read book Interior Environment and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2008 Part 6 February 28 2007 110 1 Hearings written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 1060 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book CSDOC Wastewater Management written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 948 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advanced Treatment Technologies for Urban Wastewater Reuse written by Despo Fatta-Kassinos and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-28 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers a detailed overview of currently applied and tested wastewater treatment technologies and the integration of advanced processes to remove trace organic contaminants and microorganisms. It discusses the potential of enhanced biological treatment to produce effluent suitable for reuse, new processes for urban wastewater disinfection and the reduction of antibiotic resistant bacteria, as well as the effect of advanced oxidation processes on wastewater microbiome and chemical contaminants. It also presents membrane bioreactors, moving bed bioreactors, light and solar driven technologies, ozonation and immobilised heterogeneous photocatalysis and provides an evaluation of the potential of constructed wetlands integrated with advanced oxidation technologies to produce wastewater safe for reuse. Furthermore, the volume discusses water reuse issues and standards, the status of membrane bioreactors applications, and the treatment of reverse osmosis concentrate for enhanced water recovery during wastewater treatment. Finally, it presents recent developments in potable water reuse and addresses various important issues in this framework, like the proper protection of public health, reliability and monitoring. This volume is of interest to experts, scientists and practitioners from various fields of research, including analytical and environmental chemistry, toxicology and environmental and sanitary engineering, as well as treatment plant operators and policymakers.
Download or read book Materials for High Temperature Fuel Cells written by San Ping Jiang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-11 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world's ever-growing demand for power has created an urgent need for new efficient and sustainable sources of energy and electricity. Today's consumers of portable electronics also demand devices that not only deliver more power but are also environmentally friendly. Fuel cells are an important alternative energy source, with promise in military, commercial and industrial applications, for example power vehicles and portable devices. A fuel cell is an electrochemical device that directly converts the chemical energy of a fuel into electrical energy. Fuel cells represent the most efficient energy conversion technologies to-date and are an integral part in the new and renewable energy chain (e.g., solar, wind and hydropower). Fuel cells can be classified as either high-temperature or lowtemperature, depending on their operating temperature, and have different materials requirements. This book is dedicated to the study of high temperature fuel cells. In hightemperature fuel cells, the electrolyte materials are ceramic or molten carbonate, while the electrode materials are ceramic or metal (but not precious metal). High operation temperature fuel cells allow internal reforming, promote rapid kinetics with non-precious materials and offer high flexibilities in fuel choice, and are potential and viable candidate to moderate the fast increase in power requirements and to minimize the impact of the increased power consumption on the environment. 'Materials for High Temperature Fuel Cells' is part of the series on Materials for Sustainable Energy and Development edited by Prof. Max Q. Lu. The series covers advances in materials science and innovation for renewable energy, clean use of fossil energy, and greenhouse gas mitigation and associated environmental technologies.
