Download or read book Central America written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Voluntary Repatriation Central America written by World Council of Churches and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This newsletter examines some of the issues surrounding the voluntary repatriation of Guatemalan refugees from Mexico and of Salvadoran refugees from Honduras. Since 1986, with the new president Vinicio Cerezo, there was hope that the estimated 250,000 Guatemalan refugees could return. However, power at the local level remains in the hands of local military authorities and human rights abuses continue in Guatemala. Concerning the Salvadoran refugees the possibility of their voluntary repatriation has emerged as the most likely durable solution and has been studied by the Salvadoran and Honduran governments and UNHCR. Hundreds of thousands of persons have also been internally displaced in El Salvador. But the conflict continues and few meaningful guarentees for the protection of the returnees can be given. Churches are preparing to support the returning refugees with both material and moral assistance.
Download or read book Repatriation Under Conflict in Central America written by Mary Ann Larkin and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Central American Refugees written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Refugees and Displaced Persons in Central America written by Patricia Weiss Fagen and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines the situation of refugees and displaced persons in Central America with particular emphasis on assistance and protection issues and on the US Government's policy in the region. It is divided into five parts. The first contains an overview of refugee exoduses and movements of displaced persons within Central America and Mexico. The author suggests that the US Government has not paid sufficient attention to the problems of refugees and displaced persons in Central America, despite the fact that US contributions to UNHCR have been an essential component in the international refugee programmes in that region. The legal status of refugees and protection issues in each country are examined in the second and third parts. The author notes that Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama and, recently, Guatemala and El Salvador are signatories to the UN 1951 Convention and its 1967 Protocol. At the same time, she observes that there are no refugee programmes in Guatemala and that the UNHCR has neither been invited to investigate the conditions of the 70,000 Salvadorians there nor to establish programmes to help them. It is pointed out that, while adhering to the principle of non-refoulement, the Mexican Government has been under pressure both internally and also from the US Government to pursue repatriation negotiations with the Guatemalan Government, and that some Salvadorian refugees may have been sent back across the border to Guatemala. The author argues that displaced persons are on the whole more vulnerable than refugee groups to repression and assault, and she notes that the situation in El Salvador has been recognized as a major humanitarian emergency by the Government. The two final parts of the report contain the conclusions and recommendations. The author's recommendations include: 1) assistance programmes should be channelled through local churches or other independent agencies; 2) the US Government should ensure that its assistance programmes be administered by social service agencies, not the military as is the case in Guatemala; 3) there should be an increased international presence in Nicaragua to exert a humanitarian influence in issues concerning Miskito Indians; 4) the US should continue to support ICRC programmes in Nicaragua; 5) US assistance programmes in El Salvador should be less politicized; and 6) the US Government should avoid allowing political and military considerations to take precedence over the protection of refugees. In conclusion, the author suggests that the restoration of peace in the region would result in voluntary repatriation.
Download or read book Conference Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Seeking Refuge written by María Cristina García and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2006-03-06 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tells the story of the 20th-century Central American migration, and how domestic and foreign policy interests shaped the asylum policies of Mexico, the United States, and Canada.
Download or read book Deportation and Return in a Border Restricted World written by Bryan Roberts and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-19 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on recent experiences of return migration to Mexico and Central America from the United States. For most of the twentieth century, return migration to the US was a normal part of the migration process from Mexico and Central America, typically resulting in the eventual permanent settlement of migrants in the US. In recent years, however, such migration has become involuntary, as a growing proportion of return migration is taking place through formal orders of deportation. This book discusses return migration to Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras, addressing different reasons for return, whether voluntary or involuntary, and highlighting the unique challenges faced by returnees to each region. Particular emphasis is placed on the lack of government and institutional policies in place for returning migrants who wish to attain work, training, or shelter in their home countries. Finally, the authors take a look at the phenomenon of migrants who can never return because they have disappeared during the migration process. Through its multinational focus, diverse thematic outlook, and use of ethnographic and survey methods, this volume provides an original contribution to the topic of return migration and broadens the scope of the literature currently available. As such, this book will be important to scholars and students interested in immigration policy and Latin America as well as policy makers and activists.
Download or read book Development and Politically Generated Migration written by Susan Forbes Martin and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Central American Refugees written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three themes were the focus of discussion of this meeting entitled 'Central American Refugee Research: Recommendations for Policy': spontaneous and voluntary refugee repatriation; the role of national and international agencies in the reintegration of repatriates and internally displaced; and mental health of refugees and displaced persons. The workshop report contains a paper discussing the trends in Central American repatriation with a special focus on the Salvadoran experience. The author provides an analysis of the political and institutional challenges that mass repatriation poses for refugees, affected governments, international agencies and Central American civil society. Tables accompanying the paper give statistics on repatriations in Central America and Mexico, 1986-1989, refugees assisted by UNHCR in Central America, a statistical profile of refugees and displaced persons in and from Central America. An appendix gives information on Salvadoran voluntary repatriation from refugee camps in Honduras assisted by UNHCR. The paper is followed by a discussion summary. The second paper presented deals with issues of Central American return and reintegration. The author makes a clear distinction between repatriation and reintegration and argues that successful reintegration requires human rights protection. In order to achieve that result, she says that the participation of returnees in the planning and implementation of policies and programmes is the key to promoting full reintegration. A commentary and a discussion summary follow the paper. The last paper presented deals with mental health in refugee communities: a proposal within the framework of primary health care strategy. The author analyses the relationship between mental and physical health and social welfare. He proposes integration of a community-based mental health component into basic health care programmes for refugees and also details specific steps to illustrate the process. A discussion summary follows the paper. The workshop report includes several policy recommendations and a bibliography.
Download or read book The End of the Refugee Cycle written by Richard Black and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the start of the 1990s, there was great optimism that the end of the Cold War might also mean the end of the "refugee cycle" - both a breaking of the cycle of violence, persecution and flight, and the completion of the cycle for those able to return to their homes. The 1990s, it was hoped, would become the "decade of repatriation." However, although over nine million refugees were repatriated worldwide between 1991 and 1995, there are reasons to believe that it will not necessarily be a durable solution for refugees. It certainly has become clear that "the end of the refugee cycle" has been much more complex, and ultimately more elusive, than expected. The changing constructions and realities of refugee repatriation provide the backdrop for this book which presents new empirical research on examples of refugee repatriation and reconstruction. Apart from providing up-to-date material, it also fills a more fundamental gap in the literature which has tended to be based on pedagogical reasoning rather than actual field research. Adopting a global perspective, this volume draws together conclusions from highly varied experiences of refugee repatriation and defines repatriation and reconstruction as part of a wider and interrelated refugee cycle of displacement, exile and return. The contributions come from authors with a wealth of relevant practical and academic experience, spanning the continents of Africa, Asia, Central America, and Europe.
Download or read book Refugee policy challenges written by Mario A. Ramírez Boza and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book UNHCR Activities Financed by Voluntary Funds Report for and Proposed Programmes and Budget for written by Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Seeking Refuge written by Maria Cristina Garcia and published by . This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The political upheaval in Nicaragua, El Salvador, and Guatemala had a devastating human toll at the end of the twentieth century. A quarter of a million people died during the period 1974-1996. Many of those who survived the wars chose temporary refuge in neighboring countries such as Honduras and Costa Rica. Others traveled far north, to Mexico, the United States, and Canada in search of safety. Over two million of those who fled Central America during this period settled in these three countries. In this incisive book, Maria Cristina Garcia tells the story of that migration and how domestic and foreign policy interests shaped the asylum policies of Mexico, the United States, and Canada. She describes the experiences of the individuals and non-governmental organizations primarily church groups and human rights organizations that responded to the refugee crisis, and worked within and across borders to shape refugee policy. These transnational advocacy networks collected testimonies, documented the abuses of states, re-framed national debates about immigration, pressed for changes in policy, and ultimately provided a voice for the displaced. Garcia concludes by addressing the legacies of the Central American refugee crisis, especially recent attempts to coordinate a regional response to the unique problems presented by immigrants and refugees and the challenges of coordinating such a regional response in the post-9/11 era."
Download or read book International Conference on Central American Refugees CIREFCA Guatemala City 29 31 May 1989 written by Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers submitted to the International Conference on Central American Refugees (CIREFCA) are contained in this collection. One of the main objectives of the Conference was to identify new solutions to the problem of refugees, returnees and displaced persons in Central America. The main themes treated in the various papers relate to the need to change from ad-hoc emergency responses to the refugee problem in the region, to programmes aimed at self-sufficiency and durable solutions. The papers reflect the necessity for a developmental dimension to assistance offered to refugees, returnees and displaced persons, envisaged by linking the needs of these groups, those of the host communities and the development plans of each country. The impact of such refugee movements on the surrounding population and socio-economic infrastructure of the host community is stressed throughout. Individual country studies are presented, which outline the policy and strategies of various governments for promoting possible solutions. Project proposals include agricultural development, rural settlement, construction, improvement of infrastructure, creation of employment opportunities, health care, etc. Other reports also contained in this collection include that of UNHCR which gives a historical overview of 100 years of asylum instruments in Latin America, and discusses issues such as voluntary repatriation and UNHCR cooperation in favour of protection and assistance. The paper submitted by UNDP takes as its starting point an analysis of the experiences of the various agencies of the UN system, governmental institutions and the most important contributions of bilateral and multilateral cooperation agencies in Central America. Guidelines are proposed by UNDP for integrating the needs of refugees, returnees and displaced persons into national development programmes. Finally, the Declaration and Concerted Plan of Action adopted by the Conference as an initial framework for future activities towards a firm and lasting peace in the region is included in this collection.
Download or read book IOM written by International Organization for Migration and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
