Download or read book Variability in evaluating environmental impacts of treated wood written by Stan T. Lebow and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Environmental Impacts of Treated Wood written by Timothy G. Townsend and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-06-02 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Responding to a heightened awareness of the possible adverse effect of treated wood, this book presents multidisciplinary research results and fundamental information on regulations, wood treatment alternatives, and documentation of environmental releases. It examines the impact of treated wood on water, soil, and organisms. Several chapters discuss ways to measure exposure and review various approaches to risk assessment and management. Case studies address human health effects of exposure. The book also presents state-of-the-art disposal technologies, new preservative compounds, and recent developments related to phase outs of certain treated wood products.

Download or read book Research Paper FPL RP written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Dividends from Wood Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Environmental Impact of Preservative treated Wood in a Wetland Boardwalk written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Research Paper FPL RP written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Environmental Impacts of Chromated Copper Arsenate treated Wood written by Naila Hosein and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Environmental Impact of Treated Wood in Use 3 74 1 written by Roger M. Rowell and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Wood Handbook written by Forest Products Laboratory (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Summarizes information on wood as an engineering material. Properties of wood and wood-base products of particular concern to the architect and engineer are presented, along with discussions of designing with wood and some pertinent uses of wood."--Page ii.

Download or read book Environmental Impact of Preservative treated Wood in a Wetland Boardwalk written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management, and industry partners are cooperating in a study of the leaching and environmental effects of a wetland boardwalk. The construction project is considered gbsworst casegcs because the site has high rainfall and large volumes of treated wood were used. Separate boardwalk test sections were constructed using untreated wood or wood treated with ammoniacal copper quat Type B (ACQ--B), ammoniacal copper zinc arsenate (ACZA), chromated copper arsenate Type C (CCA--C), or copper dimethyldithiocarbamate (CDDC). Part I of this report focuses on leaching of preservative components. Surface soil, sediment, and water samples were removed before construction and at intervals after construction to determine the concentrations and movement of leached preservatives. The preservatives released measurable amounts of copper and/or chromium, zinc, or arsenic into rainwater collected from the wood, and elevated levels of preservatives were found in the soil and/or sediment adjacent to the treated wood. With few exceptions, elevated environmental concentrations of preservative components were confined to within close proximity of the boardwalk. Part II of this report focuses on the effects of boardwalks treated with CCA, ACZA, and ACQ--B on populations of aquatic invertebrates. The experimental variables were total species richness (total number of taxa), total sample abundance (number of organisms/sample), dominant sample abundance (p3s1% total specimens in vegetation, artificial substrate, and infaunal samples), and Shannongass and Pielougass indices. The infaunal samples contained the largest mean number of animals and the highest total taxa richness. Although measurable increases occurred in water column and sediment preservative concentrations, no taxa were excluded or significantly reduced in number by any preservative treatment.

Download or read book Development of Commercial Wood Preservatives written by Tor P. Schultz and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wood products used in exterior applications must be protected against biodeterioration. Traditionally, wood products used CCA or the older inexpensive organic biocides, but environmental, disposal and governmental regulations have resulted in a rapid and dramatic worldwide shift. This book covers the many steps involved in developing a wood preservative and gives overviews on modified wood, wood deterioration, worldwide trends in wood protections, and mold in homes.

Download or read book Environmental Impact Statement for L and M Wood Products 1985 Ltd written by Saskatchewan. Saskatchewan Environment and Resource Management. Environmental Assessment Branch. L and M Wood Products (1985) Ltd and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Timber specialties, C50 pressure treated wood.

Download or read book Environmental Impact written by C. A. Brebbia and published by WIT Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 661 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The interdisciplinary conference addressed some of the most serious problems affecting sustainable development, issues that must be considered by development projects in order to provide complete solutions. A major motivation for the meeting was to learn from past failures and avoid repeating similar mistakes while attempting to prevent emerging threats to the environmental and ecological systems by developing more constructive and progressive approaches to ensure sustainability"--Publisher information.

Download or read book Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Suppression of the Southern Pine Beetle Southern Region written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Environmental Effects of CCA treated Wood Use in the Sea written by Ruth Margaret Albuquerque and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Assessment of the Environmental Effects Associated with Wooden Bridges Preserved with Creosote Pentachlorophenol Or Chromated Copper Arsenate written by Kenneth M. Brooks and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Timber bridges provide an economical alternative to concrete and steel structures, particularly in rural areas with light to moderate vehicle traffic. Wooden components of these bridges are treated with chromated copper arsenate type C (CCA), pentachlorophenol, or creosote to prolong the life of the structure from a few years to many decades. This results in reduced transportation infrastructure costs and increased public safety. However, the preservative used to treat the wooden components in timber bridges is lost to the environment in small amounts over time. This report describes the concentration of wood preservatives lost to adjacent environments and the biological response to these preservatives as environmental contaminants. Six bridges from various states were examined for risk assessment: two creosote treated bridges, two pentachlorophenol-treated bridges, and two CCA-treated bridges. In all cases, the largest bridges located in biologically active environments associated with slow-flowing water were selected to represent worst-case analyses. Sediment and water column concentrations of preservative were analyzed upstream from, under, and downstream from each bridge. The observed levels of contaminant were compared with available regulatory standards or benchmarks and with the quantitative description of the aquatic invertebrate community sampled from vegetation and sediments. Pentachlorophenol- and creosote-derived polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were not observed in the water near any of the selected bridges. However, low levels of PAHs were observed in the sediments under and immediately downstream from these bridges. Pentachlorophenol concentrations did not approach toxicological benchmarks. Sediment concentrations of naphthalene, acenaphthylene, and phenanthrene exceeded the probable effect level. Metal levels at the bridges treated with CCA were less than predicted effect levels, in spite of questionable construction practices. Adverse biological effects were not observed in the aquatic invertebrate community or laboratory bioassays conducted on water and sediments sampled at each of the bridges. Results of this study reveal the need to follow the construction information found in Best Management Practices for the Use of Treated Wood In Aquatic Environments published by Western Wood Preservers Institute. Regulatory benchmarks used in risk assessments of this type need to be indexed to local environmental conditions. The robust invertebrate communities associated with slow-moving streams over soft bottoms were not susceptible to the concentrations of PAHs that would be expected to affect more sensitive taxa, which typically are located in faster moving water over hard bottoms. Contaminants released from timber bridges into these faster systems (where more sensitive taxa are located) are significantly diluted and not found at biologically significant levels.

Download or read book Wood Quality and its Biological Basis written by John Barnett and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-02-18 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wood is the most versatile raw material available to man. It isburned as fuel, shaped into utensils, used as a structuralengineering material, converted into fibres for paper production,and put to newer uses as a source of industrial chemicals. Its quality results largely from the chemical and physicalstructure of the cell walls of its component fibres, which can bemodified in nature as the tree responds to physical environmentalstresses. Internal stresses can accumulate, which are releasedcatastrophically when the tree is felled, often rendering thetimber useless. The quality of timber as an engineering materialalso depends on the structure of the wood and the way in which ithas developed in the living tree. Tree improvement for quality cannot be carried out without anunderstanding of the biological basis underlying wood formation andstructure. This volume brings together the viewpoints of bothbiologists and physical scientists, covering the spectrum from theformation of wood to its structure and properties, and relatingthese properties to industrial use. This is a volume for researchers and professionals in plantphysiology, molecular biology and biochemistry.