Download or read book Science and Decisions written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-03-24 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risk assessment has become a dominant public policy tool for making choices, based on limited resources, to protect public health and the environment. It has been instrumental to the mission of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as well as other federal agencies in evaluating public health concerns, informing regulatory and technological decisions, prioritizing research needs and funding, and in developing approaches for cost-benefit analysis. However, risk assessment is at a crossroads. Despite advances in the field, risk assessment faces a number of significant challenges including lengthy delays in making complex decisions; lack of data leading to significant uncertainty in risk assessments; and many chemicals in the marketplace that have not been evaluated and emerging agents requiring assessment. Science and Decisions makes practical scientific and technical recommendations to address these challenges. This book is a complement to the widely used 1983 National Academies book, Risk Assessment in the Federal Government (also known as the Red Book). The earlier book established a framework for the concepts and conduct of risk assessment that has been adopted by numerous expert committees, regulatory agencies, and public health institutions. The new book embeds these concepts within a broader framework for risk-based decision-making. Together, these are essential references for those working in the regulatory and public health fields.
Download or read book Guidelines for Drinking water Quality written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 1993 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume describes the methods used in the surveillance of drinking water quality in the light of the special problems of small-community supplies, particularly in developing countries, and outlines the strategies necessary to ensure that surveillance is effective.
Download or read book Groundwater Age written by Gholam A. Kazemi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-06-30 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groundwater Age is the first book of its kind that incorporates and synthesizes the state-of-the-art knowledge about the business of groundwater dating - including historical development, principles, applications, various methods, and likely future progress in the concept. It is a well-organized, advanced, clearly written resource for all the professionals, scientists, graduate students, consultants, and water sector managers who deal with groundwater and who seek a comprehensive treatment of the subject of groundwater age.
Download or read book Make it Safe written by Amanda M. Klasing and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The report, 'Make It Safe: Canada's Obligation to End the First Nations Water Crisis,' documents the impacts of serious and prolonged drinking water and sanitation problems for thousands of indigenous people--known as "First Nations"--living on reserves. It assesses why there are problems with safe water and sanitation on reserves, including a lack of binding water quality regulations, erratic and insufficient funding, faulty or sub-standard infrastructure, and degraded source waters. The federal government's own audits over two decades show a pattern of overpromising and underperforming on water and sanitation for reserves"--Publisher's description.
Download or read book Hydraulic Fracturing for Oil and Gas written by U.s. Environmental Protection Agency and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-06-09 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This final report provides a review and synthesis of available scientific information concerning the relationship between hydraulic fracturing activities and drinking water resources in the United States. The report is organized around activities in the hydraulic fracturing water cycle and their potential to impact drinking water resources. The stages include: (1) acquiring water to be used for hydraulic fracturing (Water Acquisition), (2) mixing the water with chemical additives to prepare hydraulic fracturing fluids (Chemical Mixing), (3) injecting the hydraulic fracturing fluids into the production well to create fractures in the targeted production zone (Well Injection), (4) collecting the wastewater that returns through the well after injection (Produced Water Handling), and (5) managing the wastewater via disposal or reuse methods (Wastewater Disposal and Reuse). EPA found scientific evidence that hydraulic fracturing activities can impact drinking water resources under some circumstances. The report identifies certain conditions under which impacts from hydraulic fracturing activities can be more frequent or severe.
Download or read book Classifying Drinking Water Contaminants for Regulatory Consideration written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-08-01 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Americans drink many gallons of tap water every day, but many of them question the safety of tap water every day as well. In fact, devices have been created to filter tap water directly before reaching cups. It's true; however, that the provision and management of safe drinking water throughout the United States have seen triumphs in public health since the beginning of the 20th century. Although, advances in water treatment, source water protection efforts, and the presence of local, state, and federal regulatory protection have developed over the years, water in the United States still contain chemical, microbiological, and other types of contaminants at detectable and at times harmful levels. This in addition to the growth of microbial pathogens that can resist traditional water treatment practices have led to the question: Where and how should the U.S. government focus its attention and limited resources to ensure safe drinking water supplies for the future? To deal with these issues the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) Amendments of 1996 Safe included a request that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) publish a list of unregulated chemical and microbial contaminants and contaminant groups every five years that are or could pose risks in the drinking water of public water systems. The first list, called the Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List (CCL), was published in March 1998. The main function of the CCL is to provide the basis for deciding whether to regulate at least five new contaminants from the CCL every five years. However, since additional research and monitoring need to be conducted for most of the contaminants on the 1998 CCL, the list is also used to prioritize these related activities. Classifying Drinking Water Contaminants for Regulatory Consideration is the third report by the Committee on Dinking Water Contaminants with the purpose of providing advice regarding the setting of priorities among drinking water contaminants in order to identify those contaminants that pose the greatest threats to public health. The committee is comprised of 14 volunteer experts in water treatment engineering, toxicology, public health, epidemiology, water and analytical chemistry, risk assessment, risk communication, public water system operations, and microbiology and is jointly overseen by the National Research Council's (NRC'S) Water Science and Technology Board and Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology. In this report the committee needed to readdress its second report as well as explore the feasibility of developing and using mechanisms for identifying emerging microbial pathogens for research and regulatory activities. The promotion of public health remains the guiding principle of the committee's recommendations and conclusions in this report.
Download or read book Summary of National Standards and Guidelines for Pesticides in Water Bed Sediment and Aquatic Organisms and Their Application to Water quality Assessments written by Lisa H. Nowell and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drinking Water Health Advisory written by Epa and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1989-10-01 with total page 844 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each Health Advisory gives the useful and relevant data on the health effects associated with each contaminant, and gives concentrations of the contaminant that would not cause adverse health effects during various periods of exposure. Complete sections also cover information on available analytical methods and treatment techniques for the contaminants. This essential technical guide is a must for water treatment plant supervisors, managers and operators. Federal, state, local and public officials who are responsible for drinking water quality and public health in the event of emergency spills or pesticide contamination will value this easy-to-use reference.
Download or read book Drinking Water Health Advisory written by Jennifer Orme-Zavaleta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1990-11-16 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health Advisories (HAs) are prepared by the Criteria and Standards Division, Office of Drinking Water (ODW) of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) in Washington, D.C. Documents summarized in this volume are part of the Health Advisory Program sponsored by ODW in response to the public need for guidance during emergency situations involving drinking water contamination. They provide technical guidance to public health officials on health effects, analytical methodologies, and treatment technologies associated with drinking water contamination. The HAs for 15 unregulated volatile organic chemicals were developed jointly by the Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office and ODW. Each HA contains information regarding the nature of adverse health effects associated with the contaminant and contaminant concentrations that would not be anticipated to cause an adverse effect following various periods of exposure. In addition, the HA summarizes information on occurrence, analytical methods, environmental fate, and treatment techniques for the contaminant.
Download or read book Federal Register written by and published by . This book was released on 1979-02 with total page 1516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book U S Environmental Protection Agency Advisory Committees Charters Rosters and Accomplishments written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Management and Organization Division and published by . This book was released on with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Draft written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Federal Register Index written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Methyl Tert butyl Ether written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Federal Register Annual Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 894 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Naphthalene written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
