Download or read book Chinese Syntax Tree Diagram written by Yuko Sakai and published by . This book was released on 2019-08-07 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some people say that Chinese does not have grammar, as a Chinese word may be a noun, a verb, an adjective or an adverb in many cases without conjugation, inflection, derivation nor even the preposition. However, Chinese syntax has many similarities with English as an isolating language, whose word order is more obligatory than inflected or agglutinative languages. Moreover, because of the ideograph, which expresses a morpheme indifferent of the parts of speech, the word order is stricter than English. Chinese words are fundamentally monosyllabic, the same as English original words such as "head", "arm", "go", "come". Being monosyllabic, the verb may combine easily and even a short sentence may be more complex than in English. In this work, we try to verify the hypothesis that though the grammar varies, every human language is based on the universal sentence structure restricted by the space-time cognition.
Download or read book Syntactic Structures written by Noam Chomsky and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-05-18 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No detailed description available for "Syntactic Structures".
Download or read book English Syntax Tree Diagram written by Yuko Sakai and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-06-21 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work we try to verify that English sentences are restricted and limited by the space-time structure of cognition, which may be the universal sentence structure, while a sentence expresses a thought or cognition. We see the reason why sentences vary in English explaining each sentence in a syntax tree diagram, which is not based on form, but, on contents logically in sentence generation.
Download or read book An Introduction to English Sentence Structure written by Andrew Radford and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-15 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition of Andrew Radford's outstanding resource for students is a step-by-step, practical introduction to English syntax and syntactic principles, written by a globally-renowned expert in the field. Assuming little or no prior background in syntax, Radford outlines key concepts and how they can be used to describe various aspects of English sentence structure. Each chapter contains core modules focusing on a specific topic, a summary recapitulating the main points of the chapter, and a bibliographical section providing references to original source material. This edition has been extensively updated, with new analyses, exercise materials, references and a brand-new chapter on adjuncts. Students will benefit from the online workbook, which contains a vast amount of exercise material for each module, including self-study materials and a student answerbook for these. Teachers will value the extensive PowerPoints outlining module contents and the comprehensive teacher answerbook, which covers all workbook and PowerPoint exercises.
Download or read book An Introduction to English Sentence Structure written by Andrew Radford and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-15 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A readable introduction to English syntax and syntactic theory, argumentation and description, suitable for students with little prior knowledge.
Download or read book An Introduction to English Sentence Structure International Student Edition written by Andrew Radford and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-02-25 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This outstanding resource for students offers a step-by-step, practical introduction to English syntax and syntactic principles, as developed by Chomsky over the past 15 years. Assuming little or no prior background in syntax, Andrew Radford outlines the core concepts and how they can be used to describe various aspects of English sentence structure. This is an abridged version of Radford's major new textbook Analysing English Sentences (also published by Cambridge University Press), and will be welcomed as a handy introduction to current syntactic theory.
Download or read book Logic and Structure written by Dirk Dalen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fourth edition contains a new material on Godel's first incompleteness theorem.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Information Structure written by Caroline Féry and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-08-25 with total page 1133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides linguists with a clear, critical, and comprehensive overview of theoretical and experimental work on information structure. Leading researchers survey the main theories of information structure in syntax, phonology, and semantics as well as perspectives from psycholinguistics and other relevant fields. Following the editors' introduction the book is divided into four parts. The first, on theories of and theoretical perspectives on information structure, includes chapters on focus, topic, and givenness. Part 2 covers a range of current issues in the field, including quantification, dislocation, and intonation, while Part 3 is concerned with experimental approaches to information structure, including language processing and acquisition. The final part contains a series of linguistic case studies drawn from a wide variety of the world's language families. This volume will be the standard guide to current work in information structure and a major point of departure for future research.
Download or read book Structures of Focus and Grammatical Relations written by Jorunn Hetland and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2013-02-06 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The seven articles of this volume take up crucial aspects of information structure and grammatical form. Special attention is paid to the definition of topic, focus and contrast, to the language specific devices for expressing different types of these information structural notions, and to the typological characterisation of languages as to discourse configurationality. The investigation of grammatical relations includes the interplay between syntactic functions, morphological case and thematic structure, and the study of the functional and formal complexity of passive in Germanic languages.
Download or read book The Final Over Final Condition written by Michelle Sheehan and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2017-10-27 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An examination of the evidence for and the theoretical implications of a universal word order constraint, with data from a wide range of languages. This book presents evidence for a universal word order constraint, the Final-over-Final Condition (FOFC), and discusses the theoretical implications of this phenomenon. FOFC is a syntactic condition that disallows structures where a head-initial phrase is contained in a head-final phrase in the same extended projection/domain. The authors argue that FOFC is a linguistic universal, not just a strong tendency, and not a constraint on processing. They discuss the effects of the universal in various domains, including the noun phrase, the adjective phrase, the verb phrase, and the clause. The book draws on data from a wide range of languages, including Hindi, Turkish, Basque, Finnish, Afrikaans, German, Hungarian, French, English, Italian, Romanian, Arabic, Hebrew, Mandarin, Pontic Greek, Bagirmi, Dholuo, and Thai. FOFC, the authors argue, is important because it is the only known example of a word order asymmetry pertaining to the order of heads. As such, it has significant repercussions for theories connecting the narrow syntax to linear order.
Download or read book Event Structure and the Left Periphery written by Katalin É. Kiss and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-07 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Katalin Kiss, of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Budapest, has brought together in this volume substantial new results in a novel field of research. The text analyzes the syntactic and semantic consequences of event structure. The studies contained in this volume test the hypothesis that event structure correlates with a number of things, including word order, the presence or absence of the verbal particle, and the [+/- specific] feature of the internal argument.
Download or read book Verb Movement written by David Lightfoot and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-03-31 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Work on the movement of phrase categories, mostly Noun Phrases, has been a central element of syntactic theorizing almost since the earliest work on generative grammar. Work on the movement of lexical elements, heads, has been much less central until recent years. Verb movement is now, however, the center of current research in syntax. Parallel to the theoretical interest has been the attention focused on the description of verb-second languages and on the movement operations that place the verb in its "second" position. This volume represents the latest work from many of the leading researchers in an important field, and draws on analyses from a wide range of languages. It will have a significant impact on its field.
Download or read book Empirical Linguistics written by Geoffrey Sampson and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2002-09-12 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Linguistics has become an empirical science again after several decades when it was preoccupied with speakers' hazy "intuitions" about language structure. With a mixture of English-language case studies and more theoretical analyses, Geoffrey Sampson gives an overview of some of the new findings and insights about the nature of language which are emerging from investigations of real-life speech and writing, often (although not always) using computers and electronic language samples ("corpora"). Concrete evidence is brought to bear to resolve long-standing questions such as "Is there one English language or many Englishes?" and "Do different social groups use characteristically elaborated or restricted language codes?" Sampson shows readers how to use some of the new techniques for themselves, giving a step-by-step "recipe-book" method for applying a quantitative technique that was invented by Alan Turing in the World War II code-breaking work at Bletchley Park and has been rediscovered and widely applied in linguistics fifty years later.
Download or read book A Mathematical Introduction to Logic written by Herbert B. Enderton and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-01-23 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Mathematical Introduction to Logic
Download or read book Analysing English Sentence Structure written by Andrew Radford and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-07-31 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Andrew Radford has acquired an unrivalled reputation over the past forty years for writing syntax textbooks in which difficult concepts are clearly explained without excessive use of technical jargon. Analysing English Sentence Structure continues in this tradition, offering a well-structured intermediate course in English syntax and contemporary syntactic theory. Chapters are split into core modules, each focusing on a specific topic, and the reader is supported throughout with learning aids such as summaries, lists of key hypotheses and principles, extensive references, exercises with handy hints, and a glossary of terminology. Both teachers and instructors will benefit from the book's free online resources, which comprise an open-access Students' Answerbook, and a password-protected Teachers' Answerbook, each containing comprehensive answers to exercises, with detailed tree diagrams. The book and accompanying resources are designed to serve both as a coursebook for use in class, and as a self-study resource for use at home.
Download or read book Syntactic Categories written by Gisa Rauh and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2010-06-03 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a systematic account of syntactic categories - the building blocks of sentences and the units of grammatical analysis - and explains their place in different theories of language. It sets out and clarifies the conflicting definitions of competing frameworks which frequently make it hard or impossible to compare grammars. Gisa Rauh describes the history and nature of traditional and contemporary accounts and definitions of grammatical categories. She explains their properties and use in generative, cognitive, and functional theories, and considers their function in language typology. She distinguishes between the cognitive functions of categories that relate to traditional parts of speech and serve to structure a language's lexicon; and those which determine the syntactic behaviour of the linguistic items they specify. Professor Rauh illustrates her account with a wide range of examples. Her clear and balanced exposition will be welcomed by students and scholars in all branches of linguistics as well as by those in related subjects such as computational science and the philosophy of language.
Download or read book The Structure and Interpretation of Imperatives written by Chung-hye Han and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The legendary Greek figure Orpheus was said to have possessed magical powers capable of moving all living and inanimate things through the sound of his lyre and voice. Over time, the Orphic theme has come to indicate the power of music to unsettle, subvert, and ultimately bring down oppressive realities in order to liberate the soul and expand human life without limits. The liberating effect of music has been a particularly important theme in twentieth-century African American literature. The nine original essays in Black Orpheus examines the Orphic theme in the fiction of such African American writers as Jean Toomer, Langston Hughes, Claude McKay, James Baldwin, Nathaniel Mackey, Sherley Anne Williams, Ann Petry, Ntozake Shange, Alice Walker, Gayl Jones, and Toni Morrison. The authors discussed in this volume depict music as a mystical, shamanistic, and spiritual power that can miraculously transform the realities of the soul and of the world. Here, the musician uses his or her music as a weapon to shield and protect his or her spirituality. Written by scholars of English, music, women's studies, American studies, cultural theory, and black and Africana studies, the essays in this interdisciplinary collection ultimately explore the thematic, linguistic structural presence of music in twentieth-century African American fiction.
