Download or read book United States China India Strategic Triangle in the Indian Ocean Region written by Dr Sithara Fernando and published by KW Publishers Pvt Ltd. This book was released on 2015-04-15 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the strategic dynamics in the IOR are complex and involve many powers there is little doubt that the “strategic triangle” involving the US, China and India is one of the key traditional security issues facing the IOR. Given Sri Lanka’s geopolitically significant location in the IOR this strategic triangle is bound to have an impact on its national interests and security. The central questions raised by this volume are the following: What are the prospects of competition and cooperation within the strategic triangle? What structure or pattern will the triangular relations assume? How can stability be maintained in the triangular relationship in the interest of peace in the IOR? and What would be the impact of this strategic triangle on a small country such as Sri Lanka situated in a geopolitically significant location in the IOR? The dynamics of the US-China-India strategic triangle in the IOR will be complicated, containing elements of both competition and cooperation. The research contained in the substantive chapters of this volume present a multiplicity of views on the possible patterns that the strategic triangle can assume. Based on Harry Harding’s typology of the strategic triangle in international affairs, these include: one mediating the conflict between the other two; two-against-one; and all-working-together. The multiplicity of patterns that the strategic triangle could assume indicate that there is likely to be considerable fluctuation in its structure. What is important in maintaining stability is that the competition is not allowed to become unmanageable, and the fostering of cooperation based on common interests. The US-China-India strategic triangle poses Sri Lanka as a country situated in a geopolitically significant location in the IOR with both challenges and opportunities. The most fundamental challenge is posed by the tendency of each of these three major powers to subordinate Sri Lanka to their grand strategic objectives and interaction with each other. The fundamental opportunity presented to Sri Lanka by the strategic triangle is that of using its geopolitical importance to each of these three major powers by virtue of its location in the IOR to its own advantage in a way that best serves its national interests.
Download or read book United State China India Strategic Triangle in the Indian Ocean Region written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book China and Indian Ocean Strategic Interests in the 21st Century written by Khin Ma Ma Myo and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2011-02-06 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Post-Cold War Era, the balance of redistribution of power has more shifted to Asia. China's rise in world affairs is... More > one of the main principal trends that define the new global order and China's increasing diplomatic, economic and military strength has compelled countries to rethink existing security strategies. As Chinese strategic interests lie in the Indian Ocean, the Indian Ocean and the states on its littoral are of growing strategic importance.
Download or read book China and the United States in the Indian Ocean An Emerging Strategic Triangle written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Asian seas today are witnessing an intriguing historical anomaly - the simultaneous rises of two homegrown maritime powers against the backdrop of U.S. dominion over the global commons. The drivers behind this apparent irregularity in the Asian regional order are, of course, China and India. Their aspirations for great-power status and, above all, their quests for energy security have compelled both Beijing and New Delhi to redirect their gazes from land to the seas. While Chinese and Indian maritime interests are a natural outgrowth of impressive economic growth and the attendant appetite for energy resources, their simultaneous entries into the nautical realm also portend worrisome trends.
Download or read book CHINA IN INDIAN OCEAN REGION written by Dr. Sidda Goud and published by Allied Publishers. This book was released on 2015-02-28 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited book is the outcome of the International Conference on ‘China in Indian Ocean Region’, held on 13th–14th November 2014, organized by UGC Centre for Indian Ocean Studies, Osmania University, Hyderabad. Indian Ocean, third largest ocean in the world surpasses the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans as the world’s largest and most strategically significant trade corridor. Indian Ocean Region (IOR) which is surrounded by Africa, Asia and Australia serves as a maritime highway, linking trans-continental human and economic relationships. Being the world’s most populated region, one third of the world’s bulk cargo and around two thirds of world’s oil ship tankers pass through it. China’s interest in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) can be traced back to the early 1960s. Ever since Beijing has been increasingly deepening its presence in the IOR for a variety of reasons—oil, trade, security, etc., over 30 per cent of China’s seaborne trade worth about US $300 billion transits across IOR. Sharing a quarter of the world’s population, China faces ever increasing demand for energy. China has little choice but to look beyond its borders for its energy needs. About 77 per cent of its oil imports are sourced from West Asia and Africa and these are transported through the Indian Ocean. Thus China’s dependence on the Indian Ocean continues to grow for energy imports from the Gulf, to import resources from Africa and trade with Europe. With China steadily spreading its footprints in the Indian Ocean Region with increasing military presence and with the rapidly growing Navy being equipped with warships, destroyers and nuclear submarines, this book analyses in depth growing Chinese influence in Indian Ocean Region (IOR), Geopolitical interests of China, Security and Economic implication for India. This volume will be of considerable interest to the students and scholars of international relations in the contemporary situation.
Download or read book India s Ocean written by Cuiping Zhu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-12 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on analyzing the turbulent situation in the Indian Ocean from the political, economic and security perspectives. It discusses topics ranging from the major powers’ great game in the Indo-Pacific and China’s countermeasures, to China and India’s reciprocal demands and potential conflicts in the Indian Ocean. It also addresses the relations between the Indian Ocean region and China’s economic security and provides an in-depth analysis of the prospects of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road.
Download or read book India and the South Asian Strategic Triangle written by Ashok Kapur and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-12-14 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book traces the triangular strategic relationship of India, Pakistan and China over the second half of the twentieth century, and shows how two enmities – Sino-Indian and Indo-Pakistani – and one friendship – Sino-Pakistani – defined the distribution of power and the patterns of relationships in a major centre of gravity of international conflict and international change. The three powers are tied to each other and their actions reflect their view of strategic and cultural problems and geopolitics in a volatile area. The book considers internal debates within the three countries; zones of conflict, including northeast and northwest south Asia, the Himalayas and the Indian Ocean; and the impact of developments in nuclear weapons and missile technology. It examines the destructive consequences of China’s harsh methods in Tibet, of China’s encouragement of military rather than democratic regimes in Pakistan, and of China’s delay in dealing with the border disputes with India. Ashok Kapur shows how the Nehru-Chou rhetoric about "peaceful co-existence" affected the relationship, and how the dynamics of the relationship have changed significantly in recent years as a range of new factors - including India’s increasing closeness to the United States - have moved the relationship into a new phase.
Download or read book The China India U S Triangle written by John W. Garver and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Impact of China s Indian Ocean Strategy written by Naval Postgraduate School and published by . This book was released on 2019-06 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chinese policy, both internally and internationally, is overwhelmingly concerned with sustaining economic development, which is significantly dependent upon overseas trade, in order to ensure social stability and government legitimacy. China's strategy encompasses not only the economic investment of the Belt and Road Initiative but also the political and military aspects. This thesis considers the impact these kinds of Chinese actions may have on India and Myanmar, which also have a strong interest in the security of Indian Ocean trade. David's theory of omnibalancing was used to assess the aspects of national power utilized by the Chinese Indian Ocean strategy. This thesis finds that the military aspect of Chinese strategy in the Indian Ocean has influenced India to balance against China while not necessarily committing to potential closer ties with the United States. Additionally, the military and political aspects of Chinese strategy in the Indian Ocean have drawn Myanmar closer, while the economic aspects of China's strategy have made Myanmar more cautious, causing it to hedge between the competing strategies of China and the United States. These findings suggest that the United States should focus on moderate actions toward China within the reassurance-dissuasion spectrum, seeking areas of cooperation that could decrease misunderstandings, and pursuing active denial by strengthening relations and partnerships between the United States and other Asian countries.
Download or read book India Turns East written by Frédéric Grare and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Charts India's uneasy relationship with the PRC since the 1962 War and New Delhi's burgeoning strategic realignment.
Download or read book United States China India Relationship written by Banit Singh Negi and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the post Cold War era, a unique situation is developing in the Asia Pacific region wherein the United States is the lone dominant power with global outreach and China and India are emerging as Asian powers with global influence. These three major powers are so important to each other that a change in relationship between any two of them has a significant effect on the interests of the third. The purpose of this study is to explore the possibility of an evolution of a strategic triangle amongst U.S., China, and India. The primary research question of this thesis is, "With the rise in national power of China and India, will a strategic triangle emerge amongst China, India and United States?" The theoretical framework for the thesis' analysis addresses the issue of rise in national power of both China and India, and whether both can be termed as proto-peers to the United States. The analyses of their mutual convergences and divergences conclude that an asymmetric strategic triangle is slowly evolving among the three states and is getting stronger with the rise in national power of China and India. The strategic triangle will most likely assume the form of a complex and shifting triangular relationship in the future wherein each country will behave in such a manner so as to meet their national interests and objectives. Each country will attempt to forge partnerships with the others where their interests converge, leverage the support of one against detrimental initiatives of the other, and prevent the other two from forming an alignment against it. The study also recommends certain policy initiatives aimed at strengthening convergences and bridging divergences in order to attain a win-all situation and promote global peace and security.
Download or read book India China Maritime Competition written by Rajesh Basrur and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-05-03 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume critically examines the concept of the “security dilemma” and applies it to India–China maritime competition. Though frequently employed in academic discussion and popular commentary on the Sino-Indian relationship, the term has rarely been critically analysed. The volume addresses the gap by examining whether the security dilemma is a useful concept in explaining the naval and foreign policy strategies of India and China. China’s Belt and Road Initiative and its expansive engagement in the Indian Ocean Region have resulted in India significantly scaling up investment in its navy, adding ships, naval aircraft and submarines. This volume investigates how the rivalry is playing out in different sub-regions of the Indian Ocean, and the responses of other powers, notably the United States and prominent Southeast Asian states. Their reactions to the Sino-Indian rivalry are an underexplored topic and the chapters in this book reveal how they selectively use that rivalry while trying to steer clear of making definite choices. The book concludes with recommendations on mitigating the security dilemma. This work will be of great interest to students of strategic studies, international relations, maritime security, and Asian politics.
Download or read book India and China at Sea written by David Brewster and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-01-25 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China and India are emerging as major maritime powers as part of long-term shifts in the regional balance of power. As their wealth, interests, and power grow, the two countries are increasingly bumping up against each other across the Indo-Pacific. China’s growing naval presence in the Indian Ocean is seen by many as challenging India’s aspirations towards regional leadership and major power status. How India and China get along in this shared maritime space—cooperation, coexistence, competition, or confrontation—will be one of the key strategic challenges for the entire region. India and China at Sea is an essential resource in understanding how the two countries will interact as major maritime powers in the coming decades. The essays in the volume, by noted strategic analysts from across the world, seek to better understand Indian and Chinese perspectives about their roles in the Indian Ocean and their evolving naval strategies towards each other.
Download or read book China India Military Confrontation 21St Century Perspectives written by DR SUBHASH KAPILA and published by Partridge Publishing. This book was released on 2015-12-30 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The China- India military confrontation in the High Himalayas as a consequence of Chinas military occupation of Tibet in 1950 and the unprovoked Chinese invasion of India in end-1962 has in 2015 graduated from a boundary dispute to an intense geopolitical tussle in Asias geopolitical rivalries. Tibet in realistic terms better and more precisely described as China Occupied Tibet has emerged as Chinas Core Issue and drives Chinas intractability in resolution of the China-inflicted boundary dispute and territorial grab of large tracts of Indian Territory. Though officially unstated, but equally true, Tibet is also a Core Issue for India, strategically. Tibet is civilisationally, culturally and spiritually more closely linked to India than China. The dimensions of China-India military confrontation stand radically transformed in the 21st Century with the insertion of the nuclear and maritime dimensions diluting Chinas coercive capabilities against India. The 21st Century is likely to witness an intense Cold War between China and India which most likely could be subsumed in the evolving Cold War II between China and the United States. Contextually, the United States can no longer afford to continue as passive spectator of the China-India military confrontation in the 21st Century. Evolving geopolitical compulsions and imperatives would ultimately force the United States to dispense with its strategic ambiguities on China and Pakistan and push the United States to stand-by India in the intensifying China-India military confrontation. Such a game-changer would ensure that the United States not only stands on the right side of history but also ensures the continued strategic embedment in Indo Pacific Asia of the United States, with Indias strategic support. Dr Subhash Kapila
Download or read book Fateful Triangle written by Tanvi Madan and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2020-02-04 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taking a long view of the three-party relationship, and its future prospects In this Asian century, scholars, officials and journalists are increasingly focused on the fate of the rivalry between China and India. They see the U.S. relationships with the two Asian giants as now intertwined, after having followed separate paths during the Cold War. In Fateful Triangle, Tanvi Madan argues that China's influence on the U.S.-India relationship is neither a recent nor a momentary phenomenon. Drawing on documents from India and the United States, she shows that American and Indian perceptions of and policy toward China significantly shaped U.S.-India relations in three crucial decades, from 1949 to 1979. Fateful Triangle updates our understanding of the diplomatic history of U.S.-India relations, highlighting China's central role in it, reassesses the origins and practice of Indian foreign policy and nonalignment, and provides historical context for the interactions between the three countries. Madan's assessment of this formative period in the triangular relationship is of more than historic interest. A key question today is whether the United States and India can, or should develop ever-closer ties as a way of countering China's desire to be the dominant power in the broader Asian region. Fateful Triangle argues that history shows such a partnership is neither inevitable nor impossible. A desire to offset China brought the two countries closer together in the past, and could do so again. A look to history, however, also shows that shared perceptions of an external threat from China are necessary, but insufficient, to bring India and the United States into a close and sustained alignment: that requires agreement on the nature and urgency of the threat, as well as how to approach the threat strategically, economically, and ideologically. With its long view, Fateful Triangle offers insights for both present and future policymakers as they tackle a fateful, and evolving, triangle that has regional and global implications.
Download or read book China India Relations written by U S -China Economic and Security Review and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-01-16 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite growing bilateral cooperation between China and India, sources of tension in the relationship remain and in some cases are becoming more pronounced. In the security realm, continued occurrences of Chinese soldiers crossing into disputed areas of the China-India border and China's growing presence in the Indian Ocean are sources of friction in China-India relations. In the economic realm, India has a large trade imbalance with China, due to the distortionary effects of China's economic policy, Chinese competitiveness in export-oriented industries, and India's economic and institutional problems. Meanwhile, the 2012-2013 leadership transition in China and the 2014 election of Prime Minister Narendra Modi in India have increased potential for bilateral cooperation. The two countries seek to work together on a growing number of issues, including stability in Afghanistan and climate change. In addition, during Chinese President Xi Jinpingâe(tm)s visit to India in September 2014, China pledged to invest in Indian industrial parks and high-speed rail infrastructure. China and India also are collaborating in multilateral forums and institutions, such as the summits of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) and the new BRICS development bank. Although both governments seek to reduce tension in the relationship, the potential for competition, miscalculation, and conflict between the two countries persists. For the United States, Prime Minister Modiâe(tm)s election and Indiaâe(tm)s evolving strategic calculations have important implications for U.S. security interests, and may present opportunities for greater U.S.-India military and security cooperation. The United States also could cooperate with India to promote a greater balance of economic power in the Asia Pacific region, encourage improved market access in China, promote Chinese compliance with its World Trade Organization (WTO) obligations, and enhance global energy security. Although China and India have been strategic rivals since the mid-twentieth century, in recent years China has become Indiaâe(tm)s largest trading partner and the Indian government is now more supportive of Chinese investment, which is limited but growing.1 Like many other Asian states, India faces the challenge of balancing its desire to expand economic ties with China with its apprehension about Chinaâe(tm)s strategic intentions, particularly along the disputed China-India border and in the Indian Ocean. The two countries' leaders have sought to reduce bilateral tensions.2 The 2012-2013 leadership transition in China and the 2014 election of Prime Minister Modi in India present new opportunities for cooperation.3 However, despite cooperative initiatives and official statements emphasizing positive areas of the relationship,4 Asia's two largest rising powers, both of whom possess nuclear weapons, distrust each other, and each is sensitive to the other operating in its respective area of influence.5 In the security realm, major sources of tension in the relationship are the China-India border dispute, China's activities in the Indian Ocean, China-Pakistan relations, and Tibet. In the economic realm, India faces an increasingly unbalanced trade relationship with China, and the two countries are competing for access to energy supplies.
Download or read book US Chinese Strategic Triangles written by S. Mahmud Ali and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-07 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reveals the nature of Sino-US strategic competition by examining the influence exerted by major secondary stakeholders, e.g. Japan, Russia, India, the Koreas, and ASEAN, on the two powers, USA and its rival China, who consider each other as a source of greatest challenges to their respective interests. By adopting “strategic triangles” as the analytical framework and assessing triangular relational dynamics, such as US-China-Japan or US-China-Russia, the author illustrates how secondary stakeholders advance their own interests by exploiting their respective linkages to the two rivals, thereby, shaping Sino-US completive dynamics. This work adds a regional and multivariable perspective to the understanding of the Indo-Pacific’s insecurity challenges.
