Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Info Transparency Act of 2013 Feb 14 2014 113 2 House Report 113 352 written by United States. Congress. House and published by . This book was released on 2014* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book UNFUNDED MANDATES INFORMATION AND RPT RPT 113 352 PART 1 U S CONG 113TH CONGRESS 2ND SESSION written by and published by . This book was released on 2014* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Reform Act written by Congressional Research Service and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-01-29 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA) culminated years of effort by state and local government officials and business interests to control, if not eliminate, the imposition of unfunded intergovernmental and private-sector federal mandates. Advocates argued the statute was needed to forestall federal legislation and regulations that imposed obligations on state and local governments or businesses that resulted in higher costs and inefficiencies. Opponents argued that federal mandates may be necessary to achieve national objectives in areas where voluntary action by state and local governments and business failed to achieve desired results. UMRA provides a framework for the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) to estimate the direct costs of mandates in legislative proposals to state and local governments and to the private sector, and for issuing agencies to estimate the direct costs of mandates in proposed regulations to regulated entities. Aside from these informational requirements, UMRA controls the imposition of mandates only through a procedural mechanism allowing Congress to decline to consider unfunded intergovernmental mandates in proposed legislation if they are estimated to cost more than specified threshold amounts. UMRA applies to any provision in legislation, statute, or regulation that would impose an enforceable duty upon state and local governments or the private sector. It does not apply to conditions of federal assistance; duties stemming from participation in voluntary federal programs; rules issued by independent regulatory agencies; rules issued without a general notice of proposed rulemaking; and rules and legislative provisions that cover individual constitutional rights, discrimination, emergency assistance, grant accounting and auditing procedures, national security, treaty obligations, and certain elements of Social Security. State and local government officials argue that UMRA's coverage should be broadened, with special consideration given to including conditions of federal financial assistance. During the 112th Congress, the House passed H.R. 4078, the Red Tape Reduction and Small Business Job Creation Act: Title IV, the Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2012. It would have broadened UMRA's coverage to include both direct and indirect costs, such as foregone profits and costs passed onto consumers, and, when requested by the chair or ranking Member of a committee, the prospective costs of legislation that would change conditions of federal financial assistance. The bill also would have made private-sector mandates subject to a substantive point of order and removed UMRA's exemption for rules issued by most independent agencies. During the 113th Congress, these provisions were included in H.R. 899, the Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2014, which the House passed on February 28, 2014, and in H.R. 4, the Jobs for America Act, which the House passed on September 18, 2014. During the 114th Congress, these provisions are included in H.R. 50, the Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2015, and its companion bill in the Senate, S. 189. This report examines debates over what constitutes an unfunded federal mandate and UMRA's implementation. It focuses on UMRA's requirement that CBO issue written cost estimate statements for federal mandates in legislation, its procedures for raising points of order in the House and Senate concerning unfunded federal mandates in legislation, and its requirement that federal agencies prepare written cost estimate statements for federal mandates in rules. It also assesses UMRA's impact on federal mandates and arguments concerning UMRA's future, focusing on UMRA's definitions, exclusions, and exceptions that currently exempt many federal actions with potentially significant financial impacts on nonfederal entities.
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2015 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2013 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2015 House Report 114 011 Part 1 February 2 2015 114 1 written by United States. Congress. House and published by . This book was released on 2015* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Regulatory Burdens and the Role of the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform. Subcommittee on Technology, Information Policy, Intergovernmental Relations, and Procurement Reform and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform. Subcommittee on Intergovernmental Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2013 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unfunded Federal Mandates written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Reform Act written by Congressional Research Service and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-04-07 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA) culminated years of effort by state and local government officials and business interests to control, if not eliminate, the imposition of unfunded intergovernmental and private-sector federal mandates. Advocates argued the statute was needed to forestall federal legislation and regulations that imposed obligations on state and local governments or businesses that resulted in higher costs and inefficiencies. Opponents argued that federal mandates may be necessary to achieve national objectives in areas where voluntary action by state and local governments and business failed to achieve desired results. UMRA provides a framework for the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) to estimate the direct costs of mandates in legislative proposals to state and local governments and to the private sector, and for issuing agencies to estimate the direct costs of mandates in proposed regulations to regulated entities. Aside from these informational requirements, UMRA controls the imposition of mandates only through a procedural mechanism allowing Congress to decline to consider unfunded intergovernmental mandates in proposed legislation if they are estimated to cost more than specified threshold amounts. UMRA applies to any provision in legislation, statute, or regulation that would impose an enforceable duty upon state and local governments or the private sector. It does not apply to conditions of federal assistance; duties stemming from participation in voluntary federal programs; rules issued by independent regulatory agencies; rules issued without a general notice of proposed rulemaking; and rules and legislative provisions that cover individual constitutional rights, discrimination, emergency assistance, grant accounting and auditing procedures, national security, treaty obligations, and certain elements of Social Security. State and local government officials argue that UMRA's coverage should be broadened, with special consideration given to including conditions of federal financial assistance. During the 114th Congress, H.R. 50, the Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2015, which was passed by the House on February 4, 2015, and its companion bill in the Senate, S. 189, would have broadened UMRA's coverage to include both direct and indirect costs, such as foregone profits and costs passed onto consumers, and, when requested by the chair or ranking Member of a committee, the prospective costs of legislation that would change conditions of federal financial assistance. The bills also would have made private-sector mandates subject to a substantive point of order and removed UMRA's exemption for rules issued by most independent agencies. H.R. 50 has been reintroduced in the 115th Congress as the Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2017. This report examines debates over what constitutes an unfunded federal mandate and UMRA's implementation. It focuses on UMRA's requirement that CBO issue written cost estimate statements for federal mandates in legislation, its procedures for raising points of order in the House and Senate concerning unfunded federal mandates in legislation, and its requirement that federal agencies prepare written cost estimate statements for federal mandates in rules. It also assesses UMRA's impact on federal mandates and arguments concerning UMRA's future, focusing on UMRA's definitions, exclusions, and exceptions that currently exempt many federal actions with potentially significant financial impacts on nonfederal entities. An examination of the rise of unfunded federal mandates as a national issue and a summary of UMRA's legislative history are provided in Appendix A. Citations to UMRA points of order raised in the House and Senate are provided in Appendix B.
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2017 House Report 115 798 Part 1 June 29 2018 115 2 written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2011 May 16 2012 112 2 House Report 112 483 written by United States. Congress. House and published by . This book was released on 2012* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Reform Act written by Robert Jay Dilger and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines debates over what constitutes an unfunded federal mandate and the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995's (UMRA) implementation. It focuses on UMRA's requirement that CBO issue written cost estimate statements for federal mandates in legislation, its procedures for raising points of order in the House and Senate concerning unfunded federal mandates in legislation, and its requirement that federal agencies prepare written cost estimate statements for federal mandates in rules.
Download or read book Digital Accountability and Transparency Act of 2013 March 27 2014 113 2 Senate Report 113 139 written by United States. Congress. Senate and published by . This book was released on 2014* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Federal Election Campaign Laws written by United States and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Federalism the Supreme Court and the Seventeenth Amendment written by Ralph A. Rossum and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2001 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abraham Lincoln worried that the "walls" of the constitution would ultimately be leveled by the "silent artillery of time." His fears materialized with the 1913 ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment, which, by eliminating federalism's structural protection, altered the very nature and meaning of federalism. Ralph A. Rossum's provocative new book considers the forces unleashed by an amendment to install the direct election of U.S. Senators. Far from expecting federalism to be protected by an activist court, the Framers, Rossum argues, expected the constitutional structure, particularly the election of the Senate by state legislatures, to sustain it. In Federalism, the Supreme Court, and the Seventeenth Amendment Rossum challenges the fundamental jurisprudential assumptions about federalism. He also provides a powerful indictment of the controversial federalist decisions recently handed down by an activist U.S. Supreme Court seeking to fill the gap created by the Seventeenth Amendment's ratification and protect the original federal design. Rossum's masterful handling of the development of federalism restores the true significance to an amendment previously consigned to the footnotes of history. It demonstrates how the original federal design has been amended out of existence; the interests of states as states abandoned and federalism left unprotected, both structurally and democratically. It highlights the ultimate irony of constitutional democracy: that an amendment intended to promote democracy, even at the expense of federalism, has been undermined by an activist court intent on protecting federalism, at the expense of democracy.
