Download or read book Understanding the Influence of Motivational Readiness on the Relationship Between Body Image and Weight Related Health Behaviors in African American Adults written by Hannah Jones and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study explored the associations among body image, motivational readiness, and weight-related health behaviors in African American men and women. African American adults (N=204) completed questionnaires on body image (perceived and desired), exercise and weight stages of change (SOC), physical activity (PA), and fruit and vegetable consumption (FVC). Linear regression and mediation model analyses were performed. Most (74.0%) participants were women (M age=48.1 years, SD=14.8) and obese (M BMI=31.7 kg/m2, SD=7.8). Perceived BMI was significantly associated with minutes of vigorous PA (=-0.2, t=-2.7, p=.007), moderate PA (=-0.2, t=-2.3, p=.023), total MVPA (=-0.2 t=-2.9 p=.004), and FVC (=-0.1, t=- 2.1, p=.041). While desired BMI was not found to be directly associated with PA or FVC, participants who desired to be smaller had higher levels of exercise SOC which was associated with increased minutes of vigorous PA (indirect effect=-3.8, 95% CI [-8.0, -1.0]), moderate PA (indirect effect=-3.1, 95% CI [-7.0, -0.7]), and total MVPA (indirect effect=-6.2, 95% CI [-14.0, -1.9]). Results suggest that perceived BMI, rather than desired BMI, may be a driving factor for PA or FVC in African American men and women. However, when individuals increase their exercise SOC, maintaining a healthy weight may be more important and a lower desired BMI is associated with higher levels of PA. Health promotion efforts are needed to reduce inaccurate perceptions of body size and to increase motivational readiness for exercise in order to increase PA among African American men and women.

Download or read book Body Image Perceptions and Factors that Influence Engagement in Weight Management Behaviors Among Obese African American Women in Baltimore Maryland written by Keisher DaNee Stokes and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Relationship Between Body Images and Healthy Eating and Exercise Behaviors Among a Sample of Black Women written by Kristin Joan Flynn and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Black women are at high risk for obesity and obesity-related health problems such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Genetic predisposition and socioeconomic theories do not provide adequate explanation for why Black women are at high risk for obesity. Researchers have hypothesized that Black women's greater acceptance of a wider range of body sizes as attractive may make them less motivated to engage in weight-control. Few studies have addressed the relationship between body image and healthy eating and exercise behaviors among Black women. This is the first study known to examine these variables by using measures designed and validated among a sample of Black women. Eighty-seven Black women were recruited to participate in our survey. Hierarchical multiple and logistic regression analyses were used to determine whether body image variables predicted eating and exercise behaviors among Black women. Results suggest that obese women with greater body satisfaction were more likely to eat low fat foods and engage in regular exercise than obese women with less body satisfaction. Body image was not a predictor of healthy eating and exercise behaviors among nonobese Black women. These results challenge previous hypotheses that Black women's more positive body images place them at greater risk for obesity. Instead, this study suggests that positive body images are associated with healthy eating and exercise behaviors that reduce the risk for obesity and obesity-related diseases among Black women.

Download or read book Examining the Relationships Between Health Behaviors Body Image Perception and Weight in Black Women written by Melabi Chirwa Abena Amponsah and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to assess factors relating to the obesity epidemic, including health behaviors, stages of change, locus of control, body mass index (BMI), and body image perceptions in Black women. Approximately, 80% of Black women are considered overweight or obese (CDC, 2012), factors that contribute to poor physical health (e, g., heart disease, diabetes). Utilizing the Health Beliefs Model (Strecher & Rosenstock, 1997; Hayden, 2014) as the theoretical framework, the relationships between these variables were investigated. This study consisted of 209 Black female participants (M = 31.76, SD = 12.90) who were recruited via snowball sampling. Results revealed as that body image discrepancy increased, engagement in healthy nutrition and stress management significantly decreased. Additionally, significantly more women were found to be in stage 1 (precontemplation) if their body type was smaller than their ideal body image type. More women in stage 4 (action) reported that their current body type was larger than their ideal. Finally, external locus of control was negatively correlated with engagement in various health behaviors. Several other significant correlations were found between the variables during the post hoc analyses. These results emphasize the importance of examining locus of control and body esteem as it relates to weight and engagement in healthy behaviors in Black women. Greater understanding of these concepts is crucial in the development of interventions for overweight/obese Black women that focus on reducing BMI to lessen the risks for weight-related diseases.

Download or read book The Relationship Between the Acceptance of the Socially Constructed Ideal Body Image Body Mass Index Level of Appearance Satisfaction and Weight Management Health Behaviors in College Women written by Penny Lyter and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Weight related Beliefs Behaviors and Social Networks of Obese Young Adult African American Women written by Brandy Michelle Rollins and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Obesity is a public health concern that affects over 30% of Americans. Approximately 78% of African-American women are overweight/obese, as compared to 46% of Caucasian women. Obese African-American women are at higher risk for associated morbidities (e.g., hypertension, type II diabetes, select cancers, and early mortality) as compared to non-Hispanic whites. Weight gain after young adulthood (ages 20-35) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and other health problems later in life. Research that seeks to explain, predict, or control obesity among African-American women has focused on individual behavior change. Few studies have addressed the social contexts within which these behaviors occur. The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine the weight-related beliefs, behaviors, and social network characteristics of obese, young adult African-American women. A conceptual framework based on social support and social network theory guided the design of the study. Ten African-American women between the ages of 20 and 35, self-described as "plus-size" or "full-figured" completed initial informal conversations about weight-related issues and concerns and semi-structured, in-depth face-to-face interviews. Five participants were randomly selected to complete social network profiles to identify potential social influences on weight-related beliefs and behaviors. Results of the initial conversations revealed approximately half of the participants were class III obesity (BMI > 40), reported overall good health, and 70% participated in physical activity at least one day a week. Semi-structured interviews results disclosed two primary reasons for unsuccessful long-term weight loss: (a) inconsistent weight loss behaviors and (b) lack of accountability. Weight-related beliefs and behaviors of study participants were similar to those reported for older adult African-American women. Similarities included (a) mixed levels of body satisfaction; (b) the belief that health is not determined by weight; (c) sedentary lifestyles and; (d) social support from family and friends impacts long-term weight loss success. The five social network profiles indicated participants' networks are small, comprised of at least two overweight/obese females, and exhibited positive social support behaviors. Social networks included positive, negative, and non-positive relationships. Social support for weight loss is shared among network members through face-to-face interactions, phone conversations, and use of social media tools such as Facebook, Twitter, and text messaging. Future healthy weight studies would benefit from comprehensive analyses of the social networks of obese, young adult African-American women, inclusive of interviews with social network members. Culture-based healthier weight interventions that organize social support networks through social media tools are promising strategies for promoting healthy weight management among obese, young adult African-American women. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148292

Download or read book The Relationship of Weight Body Image Self efficacy and Stress to Health promoting Behaviors written by Janalyn Cantey Edmonds and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Influence of Cultural Beliefs and Attitudes on the Perception of Health Body Size and Health Behaviors Among Over weight and Obese African American Women written by Everlyne Cosey Jackson and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Relationship Between Dieting Behavior and Body Image in African American Women written by Jo A. Brown and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Examining the Relationship Between Competitiveness and Body Dissatisfaction in African American and Caucasian Women written by Karen Pulliam Egan and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To investigate the relationship between body dissatisfaction and dieting peer competitiveness, general competitiveness, and ethnic identity among African American and Caucasian women, online survey data from 165 African American and 178 Caucasian participants were analyzed. Two measures of body dissatisfaction were used, one focusing on the size and shape of specific body parts and one broadening the definition of body dissatisfaction to include variables that have been found to be important in body image of African American women, such as skin complexion, hair texture, and body proportion. Analysis of covariance tests were conducted to assess the effect of race/ethnicity on body dissatisfaction scores while controlling for age, body mass index, household income, number of children, self-esteem, and depression. Caucasian participants had significantly higher adjusted mean scores for body dissatisfaction than African American participants on both measures (Caucasian adj M = 1.431, African American adj M = 1.065; adj M = 1.431, African American adj M = 1.00). Dieting peer competitiveness was a significant predictor of both types of body dissatisfaction for all participants (F(1, 282) = 35.846, p .01); (F(1, 277) = 67.420, p .01)). General competitiveness scores were not a significant predictor of either type of body dissatisfaction for all participants (F(1, 276) = .001, p .05); (F(1, 272) = .485, p .05)). Ethnic identity was a significant predictor of body dissatisfaction as measured by the broader construct ((F(1, 267) = 6.631, p .05); (F(1, 257) = .5.140, p .05)) but not for body dissatisfaction as defined as shape and size of particular body parts ((F(1, 261) = .443, p .05); (F(1, 256) = .002, p .05)). Racial/ethnic differences in body dissatisfaction were found among women ranging in age from 18 to 73 years old. Peer competitiveness focused on body image and eating behaviors was related to body dissatisfaction for African American and Caucasian women while general competitiveness scores were not, adding support to Social Comparison Theory. Ethnic Identity was also found to be related to a broader definition of body dissatisfaction, which included skin complexion and hair texture.

Download or read book Internet based Motivational Interviewing written by Melissa A. Jensen and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States population continues to increase, especially among college-aged individuals. Thus, a better understanding of how to encourage healthy behaviors in this population is necessary. Research has shown that awareness of risk is a critical component of developing change behaviors. Motivational interviewing can be a useful tool in eliciting change in attitudes and behaviors. However, no study has focused on the efficacy of online motivational interviewing on weight-related attitudes and risk behaviors. Additionally, the relationship of hope and optimism on the impact of motivational interviewing has not been examined. The present study examined the influence of a brief online motivational interviewing intervention on awareness of the risks associated with excess weight in college students. The study also explored whether hope and optimism have a significant relationship with pre-existing awareness of weight-related risk and with the impact of this online intervention. The present study did not find evidence that the brief, Internet-based motivational interviewing intervention fostered increased motivation to become more aware of the benefits of maintaining a healthy weight, but was able to detect a small effect of hope and optimism on an individual's response to motivational interviewing. Additionally, qualitative responses suggested that college-aged students in the present sample value their health-related awareness as it pertains to health, appearance, and mood.

Download or read book Is Thin in written by Kenya Irene Thompson-Leonardelli and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Traditionally, body image disturbance and eating disorders have been viewed as a European American female phenomenon but a growing body of evidence suggests that women of color, including African American women, may also be susceptible. The present study investigated the relationships between African and European American women's socioculturally developed attitudes about being attractive and body image, disordered eating, and overall self-esteem. The two attitudes studied were: (1) to be beautiful you must be thin and, (2) to be beautiful you must be White. The second attitude was examined specifically in the African American sample, and was measured using the Implicit Association Test (IAT). Participants, 131 African American and 165 European American female college students completed the IAT, Sociocultural Attitudes Toward Appearance Questionnaire, Body Esteem Scale, Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Evaluation subscale, Body Shape Questionnaire-Revised, Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale, Eating Attitudes Test, and a demographic questionnaire. Results supported the hypothesis that African American women exhibit more positive body images, less disordered eating characteristics, and higher overall self-esteem. As expected, analyses suggested that the race differences on body image, disordered eating and self-esteem were mediated by participants' beliefs that being thin is the ideal. However, the results also revealed variance in body satisfaction and disordered eating within both racial groups. Similar to European Americans, African Americans who espoused the thin ideal were more likely to be less satisfied with their bodies, to engage in disordered eating and to report lower self-esteem. Also, African Americans who showed the clearest implicit preference for European American appearance were reported greater dissatisfaction with their bodies and lower self-esteem. Finally, results only partially supported the hypothesis that greater body preoccupation would be associated with greater disordered eating and lower self-esteem in women with greater body dissatisfaction. The hypothesis was only supported with European American women when predicting self-esteem. Overall, the present study showed that similar sociocultural attitudes about beauty may affect African and European American women's body image and that the levels of body image disturbance and eating concerns in the African American community will continue to grow as these European American thin ideals flourish.

Download or read book A Randomized Clinical Trial of a Brief Motivational Intervention BMI for Obesity in College Students written by Joanna Buscemi and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Young adults are at an increased risk for weight gain as they begin college and this has implications for the onset of future health consequences such as Type II Diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, and some cancers. Brief motivational interventions (BMIs) have been found to be effective with college students for reducing risky health behaviors such as alcohol consumption, but have not been developed and tested with a primary goal of reducing obesity. BMIs have been developed and tested for the treatment of obesity and weight-related health behaviors (WRHB) in other populations, such as adults and adolescents, with promising results. The purpose of the following study was to develop and test the efficacy of a BMI for weight loss among overweight and obese college students. Seventy undergraduate students (85.7% female, 57.1% African American) completed an assessment about WRHBs and then were randomized to either receive a single 60-minute BMI plus a booster phone call, or to assessment only. T-tests revealed within group differences between baseline and post-session readiness to increase level of exercise, reduce dietary intake, and to reduce weight. However, this increase in motivation did not predict change at follow up. Additionally, at three months, after controlling for baseline measures, there were no significant differences between the intervention group and the assessment only group on body mass index or WRHBs, and minimal change was evidenced overall in either group. It was concluded that the one-session nature of the session might not have been enough to produce significant change in weight or WRHBs. .

Download or read book Educating the Student Body written by Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-11-13 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physical inactivity is a key determinant of health across the lifespan. A lack of activity increases the risk of heart disease, colon and breast cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, osteoporosis, anxiety and depression and others diseases. Emerging literature has suggested that in terms of mortality, the global population health burden of physical inactivity approaches that of cigarette smoking. The prevalence and substantial disease risk associated with physical inactivity has been described as a pandemic. The prevalence, health impact, and evidence of changeability all have resulted in calls for action to increase physical activity across the lifespan. In response to the need to find ways to make physical activity a health priority for youth, the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment was formed. Its purpose was to review the current status of physical activity and physical education in the school environment, including before, during, and after school, and examine the influences of physical activity and physical education on the short and long term physical, cognitive and brain, and psychosocial health and development of children and adolescents. Educating the Student Body makes recommendations about approaches for strengthening and improving programs and policies for physical activity and physical education in the school environment. This report lays out a set of guiding principles to guide its work on these tasks. These included: recognizing the benefits of instilling life-long physical activity habits in children; the value of using systems thinking in improving physical activity and physical education in the school environment; the recognition of current disparities in opportunities and the need to achieve equity in physical activity and physical education; the importance of considering all types of school environments; the need to take into consideration the diversity of students as recommendations are developed. This report will be of interest to local and national policymakers, school officials, teachers, and the education community, researchers, professional organizations, and parents interested in physical activity, physical education, and health for school-aged children and adolescents.

Download or read book American Journal of Health Behavior written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Relationships between Perceived Behavioral Control Stress Body Image and Exercise Intentions in Overweight African American Women written by Heidi L. Paruch and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Intentions to Eat a Healthy Diet written by Alexandria Gabrielle Booker and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diabetes and heart disease are two major health concerns for African Americans, who tend to have worse nutritional intake than Whites. Black churches, which serve primarily African Americans, are influential institutions in the African American community that can assist with promotion of healthy eating behaviors. Although church involvement has been associated with healthier dietary beliefs and behaviors, church settings can also impede healthy eating due to social pressure to consume unhealthy foods. To contribute to better design of church-based dietary intervention studies, there is a need to understand psychosocial influences, particularly beliefs and intentions to eat a healthy diet. Yet, there is a gap in the literature on studies that have examined this key predictor of dietary behaviors among church-affiliated African American populations. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is an established theory that has been demonstrated to explain the relationships between behavioral beliefs, normative beliefs, control beliefs, intentions to perform a health behavior and the behavior itself. The purpose of the current study is to examine intentions to eat a healthy diet and dietary behaviors (i.e., F/V and fat intake) in a sample of African-American church and affiliated community members using the TBP. Participants (N = 352) were recruited from six Black churches in the Kansas City metropolitan area and completed surveys exploring TPB constructs and health behaviors. Participants were primarily female (68%), with an average age of 54 years (SD = 13.1). Findings indicated behavioral and normative beliefs predicted intentions to eat a healthy diet, even when controlling for covariates (i.e., age, sex, BMI, religiosity, baseline fat or F/V intake). Control beliefs predicted fat intake, but this was attenuated after controlling for covariates. Intentions predicted fat and F/V intake, but these effects were moderated by covariates. These findings provide support for the use of the TPB in examining dietary behaviors among church-affiliated African Americans and suggest church-based healthy diet interventions should emphasize promotion of behavioral and normative beliefs. This study represents an opportunity to understand dietary beliefs and behaviors in the African-American faith community, with potential to inform dietary interventions in key African American faith-based settings.