Download or read book Understanding Harappa written by Shereen Ratnagar and published by . This book was released on 2015-11-03 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This slim volume is an attempt to rouse the interest of students and non-specialists in the early civilization of the Indus valley and adjoining regions of Pakistan and India. The challenges of archaeological interpretation are discussed, together with maps, site plans and illustrations of artefacts, but the evidence is presented in social terms rather than in a technical way. In an attempt to cast an overall perspective, the Indus civilization is presented in the context of contemporary cultural development in South Asia as well as Western and Central Asia. The third edition of this volume included references to new ideas on the Indus civilization and to excavations at a small but significant site. This revised and updated fourth edition contains additional material on Dholavira and the harnessing of flash-floods.
Download or read book Encounters the Westerly Trade of the Harappa Civilization written by Shereen Ratnagar and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1981 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Roots of Hinduism written by Asko Parpola and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-07-15 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hinduism has two major roots. The more familiar is the religion brought to South Asia in the second millennium BCE by speakers of Aryan or Indo-Iranian languages, a branch of the Indo-European language family. Another, more enigmatic, root is the Indus civilization of the third millennium BCE, which left behind exquisitely carved seals and thousands of short inscriptions in a long-forgotten pictographic script. Discovered in the valley of the Indus River in the early 1920s, the Indus civilization had a population estimated at one million people, in more than 1000 settlements, several of which were cities of some 50,000 inhabitants. With an area of nearly a million square kilometers, the Indus civilization was more extensive than the contemporaneous urban cultures of Mesopotamia and Egypt. Yet, after almost a century of excavation and research the Indus civilization remains little understood. How might we decipher the Indus inscriptions? What language did the Indus people speak? What deities did they worship? Asko Parpola has spent fifty years researching the roots of Hinduism to answer these fundamental questions, which have been debated with increasing animosity since the rise of Hindu nationalist politics in the 1980s. In this pioneering book, he traces the archaeological route of the Indo-Iranian languages from the Aryan homeland north of the Black Sea to Central, West, and South Asia. His new ideas on the formation of the Vedic literature and rites and the great Hindu epics hinge on the profound impact that the invention of the horse-drawn chariot had on Indo-Aryan religion. Parpola's comprehensive assessment of the Indus language and religion is based on all available textual, linguistic and archaeological evidence, including West Asian sources and the Indus script. The results affirm cultural and religious continuity to the present day and, among many other things, shed new light on the prehistory of the key Hindu goddess Durga and her Tantric cult.
Download or read book Understanding Collapse written by Guy D. Middleton and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-26 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this lively survey, Guy D. Middleton critically examines our ideas about collapse - how we explain it and how we have constructed potentially misleading myths around collapses - showing how and why collapse of societies was a much more complex phenomenon than is often admitted.
Download or read book The End Of The Great Harappan Tradition written by Shereen Ratnagar and published by Manohar Publishers. This book was released on 2003 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Book Suggests Alternatives To The `Holocaust` Theories Of Civilizational Collapse In Harappa. The Civilization Is Placed In A Wider Geographic Setting To Explore Not Just The Internal Factors But Also Those Operating Within The Bronze Age At Large.
Download or read book Mohenjo Daro and the Indus Civilization written by John Marshall and published by Asian Educational Services. This book was released on 1996 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 3 Volume Set Presents An Official Account Of Archaeological Excavations At Mohenjo-Daro Between The Year 1922-1927. Vol. I Has Text-Chapter1-19 Plates I-Xiv, Vol. Ii Has Text Chapters 20-32 Appendices And Index, Vol. Iii Has Plates Xv-Cl X Iv. An Excellent Reference Tool.
Download or read book Seals and Sealing in the Ancient World written by Marta Ameri and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-03 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies of seals and sealing practices have traditionally investigated aspects of social, political, economic, and ideological systems in ancient societies throughout the Old World. Previously, scholarship has focused on description and documentation, chronology and dynastic histories, administrative function, iconography, and style. More recent studies have emphasized context, production and use, and increasingly, identity, gender, and the social lives of seals, their users, and the artisans who produced them. Using several methodological and theoretical perspectives, this volume presents up-to-date research on seals that is comparative in scope and focus. The cross-cultural and interdisciplinary approach advances our understanding of the significance of an important class of material culture of the ancient world. The volume will serve as an essential resource for scholars, students, and others interested in glyptic studies, seal production and use, and sealing practices in the Ancient Near East, Egypt, Ancient South Asia and the Aegean during the 4th-2nd Millennia BCE.
Download or read book A Peaceful Realm written by Jane Mcintosh and published by Westview Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some 5000 years ago, civilized societies emerged in the valleys of four great rivers: the Nile, the Euphrates, the Yellow, and the Indus. Of these primary Old World civilizations, that of the Indus remains the least known and the most enigmatic, though, paradoxically, it has left perhaps the most lasting influence on the societies that followed it. In this lucid account - abundantly illustrated with maps and photographs, including sixteen pages in full color - archaeologist Jane McIntosh addresses what we know about the rise and fall of the civilization of the Indus and Saraswati valleys, what it might be reasonable to speculate, and what we still hope to learn. While drawing on archaeological and linguistic evidence to create a portrait of the civilization from the inside, McIntosh also carefully pieces together a wider picture of the Indus civilization using evidence from its trading partners in Mesopotamia, the Persian Gulf, the Indian subcontinent, and Southwest Asia. The result is an outstandingly vivid recreation of one of the world's great but all-but-lost ancient civilizations.
Download or read book Harappan Archaeology written by Shereen Ratnagar and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book approaches the archaeology of the Harappan culture of Pakistan and India from the view point of the early state. It attempts to tease out information on the mobilization of labour, the organization of production,the direction of overseas trade by a newly formed elite, and the management of scarce water resources by the rulers. It discusses the environment and productivity of the culture, the sequence of excavations, early ideas of the civilization as quintessentially Indian, evidence for warfare and the hand of the state behind certainkinds of settlement morphology and artefactual equipment. It asks whether the residents of Mohenjo-darolived in kin-group clusters, and attempts to explain, through cross-cultural analogy, why the citadel sites arelocated where they are. A new idea on sailing routes is tentatively suggested, and it is argued that it was eliteintervention and management that secured both floodwater supplies at Dholavira and some degree of urbansanitation at Mohenjo-daro. Multiple views of the reasons for the end of the civilization are discussed in thefinal section of the book.
Download or read book The Ancient Indus Valley written by Jane McIntosh and published by ABC-CLIO. This book was released on 2008 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Researchers have tentatively reconstructed a model of Indus life from the limited material that remains. Based on important findings from recent surveys and excavations in South Asia and neighboring regions, The Ancient Indus Valley explains what is now known about the Indus civilization's roots in the farming cultures of prehistoric South Asia, as well as the hallmarks of its extraordinary development. It is an eye-opening introduction to a vanished world - and a stirring testament to archaeology's power to recover the past."--BOOK JACKET.
Download or read book Finding Forgotten Cities written by Nayanjot Lahiri and published by Hachette UK. This book was released on 2012-08-07 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the autumn of 1924, the archaeologist John Marshall made an announcement that dramatically altered existing perceptions of South Asia's antiquity: the discovery of 'the civilization of the Indus valley'. Marshall's news conveyed one of the most monumental discoveries in the history of civilization, on the same scale as the findings of Heinrich Schliemann (who unearthed Troy) and Arthur Evans (who dug out Minoan Crete). The Troy and Crete stories have been well told. But a detailed, archivally rich and accessible narrative of the people, processes, places and puzzles that led up to Marshall's proclamation on the Indus civilization has, like the civilization itself, long remained buried. Now, for the first time in this book, we have the whole story, enchantingly told. Finding Forgotten Cities comprises a powerful narrative history of how India's antiquity was unexpectedly unearthed, it will interest every serious reader of history and anyone who likes to read an utterly fascinating story.
Download or read book The Archaeology and Epigraphy of Indus Writing written by Bryan K. Wells and published by Archaeopress Archaeology. This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A detailed examination of the Indus script. It presents new analysis based on an expansive text corpus using revolutionary analytical techniques developed specifically for the purpose of deciphering the Indus script.
Download or read book Harappa written by Vineet Bajpai and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dawn and Devolution of the Indus Civilization written by Shikaripur Ranganatha Rao and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author puts forth convincing evidence to prove that the decline of Indus Valley cities was not due to the invasion of ?barbaric Aryans unsympathetic to civilization? but due to natural calamities such as floods desiccation and tectonic activity.A strong Aryan substratum was already present in the Indus Civilization during its early days,and continued to the last,leaving its indelible impression on the fabric of Indian culture.Tired of natural disasters the Harappans migrated to the Sarasvat (Ghaggar),Drishadvati (Chautang),Yamun? and Gang? valleys in the East and to Gujarat and Narmada valleys in the South.There they lived in small villages selling their skill to the local population and transformed the political and
Download or read book Deciphering the Indus Script written by Asko Parpola and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-10-01 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of the writing systems of the ancient world which still await deciphering, the Indus script is the most important. It developed in the Indus or Harappan Civilization, which flourished c. 2500-1900 BC in and around modern Pakistan, collapsing before the earliest historical records of South Asia were composed. Nearly 4,000 samples of the writing survive, mainly on stamp seals and amulets, but no translations. Professor Parpola is the chief editor of the Corpus of Indus Seals and Inscriptions. His ideas about the script, the linguistic affinity of the Harappan language, and the nature of the Indus religion are informed by a remarkable command of Aryan, Dravidian, and Mesopotamian sources, archaeological materials, and linguistic methodology. His fascinating study confirms that the Indus script was logo-syllabic, and that the Indus language belonged to the Dravidian family.
Download or read book Indus Valley Civilization written by Hourly History and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-05-14 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Indus Valley CivilizationIn the late 1800s, British engineers building some of the first railways in the Dominion of India discovered large numbers of bricks buried in the dusty plains of the Punjab. This was odd because historians were not aware of any cities or civilizations which might have constructed buildings in this area. It wasn't until archeological expeditions in the 1920s that it was finally realized that these bricks were the remains of mighty cities built by a previously unknown ancient civilization. Inside you will read about...✓ Discovery ✓ Excavation of Harappa ✓ Origins ✓ Life and Death in the Indus Valley ✓ Downfall of the Indus Valley Civilization And much more! This culture has become known as the Indus Valley Civilization or sometimes the Harappan Civilization, after Harappa, the first city to be discovered. It has proved to be one of the largest ancient cultures, having a population of over five million people at its height and covering an area of one and a half million square kilometers. It also created very large cities, carefully planned and laid out where almost every house had its own bath and flush toilet, thousands of years before such things became common in other parts of the world. Somehow, the Harappans seem to have controlled this vast territory without having a large army or by conquering other weaker cultures, and they did not seem to have a single ruler such as a king or emperor. Then, for reasons that still aren't understood, this culture declined and then vanished so completely that all that was left were piles of bricks in the plains of present-day India and Pakistan. We are still learning about these people, but this is what we know so far about the mysterious Indus Valley Civilization.
Download or read book The Indus Civilization written by Gregory L. Possehl and published by Rowman Altamira. This book was released on 2002-11-11 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Indus Civilization of India and Pakistan was contemporary with, and equally complex as the better-known cultures of Mesopotamia, Egypt and China. The dean of North American Indus scholars, Gregory Possehl, attempts here to marshal the state of knowledge about this fascinating culture in a readable synthesis. He traces the rise and fall of this civilization, examines the economic, architectural, artistic, religious, and intellectual components of this culture, describes its most famous sites, and shows the relationships between the Indus Civilization and the other cultures of its time. As a sourcebook for scholars, a textbook for archaeology students, and an informative volume for the lay reader, The Indus Civilization will be an exciting and informative read.
