Download or read book Ultrasonic Methods in Evaluation of Inhomogeneous Materials written by A. Alippi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of the School, the content of which is reflected in this book, is to bring together experiences and knowledge of those acousticians who are particularly sensible to materials and their properties, specifically to those materials that may be called inhomo geneous. The two things together: acoustics and inhomogeneity, define factually a dimension less parameter, AI a, which is the ratio between the sound wavelength and the spatial length of the material where its physical characteristics notably change. An implicit defmition is, therefore, at hand for an inhomogeneous medium, which has the characteristic of a condi tioned definition and sets a looser constraint to the otherwise strict statement of invariance under translations. Composite, biologicai, porous, stratified materials are in the list of inhomogeneous materials, whose technological or structural interest has grown greatly in recent times. Ul trasonic waves offer a means for their investigation, which is valuable for it can be non destructive, continuous in time, spatially localized, dependent on the size of inhomoge neities.

Download or read book Ultrasonic Nondestructive Testing of Inhomogeneous Isotropic and Anisotropic Media Modeling and Imaging written by Chinta, Prashanth Kumar and published by kassel university press GmbH. This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis discusses ultrasonic testing by means of numerical modeling and image reconstruction techniques using elastic and acoustic wave fields. Numerical modeling of elastic waves (part one of the thesis) is used to understand the elastic wave scattering due to material defects and the propagation of surface waves in inhomogeneous isotropic and anisotropic media, with special emphasis on transversely isotropic and orthotropic media. Different imaging techniques (part two of the thesis) are investigated to develop a software, implemented in Matlab, which can give imaging results immediately after the measurement almost in real time as it can read and process the data obtained directly from the measurement. Acoustic wave scattering using analytical techniques and imaging techniques based on Radon transform are investigated. The data obtained from the Radon transform are subjected for imaging utilizing the filtered back projection algorithm and the Fourier slice theorem. The fundamentals of elastic wave propagation in solids are extensively elaborated. The point source synthesis to compute the Green’s functions for anisotropic media and the plane wave synthesis to compute slowness, phase and group velocity surfaces are studied. The elastic integral equations for the so called stretched coordinate system are derived. Based on these equations the numerical tool ’Three-dimensional Elastodynamic Finite Integration Technique’ (3D-EFIT) has been enhanced to treat not only isotropic media but also anisotropic media. For fast computation, the 3D-EFIT code using the Message Passing Interface (MPI) is used by which processing on massive parallel computers is made possible. In 3D-EFIT the Convolutional Perfectly Matched Layers (CPML) can also be applied to absorb the elastic body waves as well as the surface and evanescent waves. 3D-EFIT for homogeneous anisotropic media is validated by comparing computed Green’s functions with an analytical solution. After the validation, the applications of EFIT such as elastic wave modeling in inhomogeneous austenitic steel welds and inhomogeneous orthotropic wooden structures are presented. The results of the 2D-EFIT and 3D-EFIT modeling are compared against measurements performed at Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM). After the modeling part of the thesis, inverse scattering techniques for fast imaging of inhomogeneities are studied. For three-dimensional imaging of defects in concrete, the Synthetic Aperture and Focusing Technique (SAFT) and Fourier Transformed Synthetic aperture Focusing Technique (FT-SAFT) are applied to data measured using a transducer array. The seismic Dip-Moveout (DMO) method has been utilized to convert measured bistatic data into monostatic data. A special treatment of SAFT as a technique for back propagation of the wave fields using time reversal, utilizing the knowledge of the geometry, is presented. Finally, time domain anisotropic SAFT (AnSAFT) is studied for image reconstruction of defects in inhomogeneous geometry with orthotropic crystal structure of the embedding medium.

Download or read book Ultrasonic Nondestructive Testing of Materials written by Karl-Jörg Langenberg and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-02-22 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book features a comprehensive discussion of the mathematical foundations of ultrasonic nondestructive testing of materials. The authors include a brief description of the theory of acoustic and electromagnetic fields to underline the similarities and differences with respect to elastodynamics. They also cover vector, elastic plane, and Rayleigh surface waves as well as ultrasonic beams, inverse scattering, and ultrasonic nondestructive imaging. A coordinate-free notation system is used that is easier to understand and navigate than standard index notation.

Download or read book Ultrasonic and Advanced Methods for Nondestructive Testing and Material Characterization written by Chi-hau Chen and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2007 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrasonic methods have been very popular in nondestructive testing and characterization of materials. This book deals with both industrial ultrasound and medical ultrasound. The advantages of ultrasound include flexibility, low cost, in-line operation, and providing data in both signal and image formats for further analysis. The book devotes 11 chapters to ultrasonic methods. However, ultrasonic methods can be much less effective with some applications. So the book also has 14 chapters catering to other or advanced methods for nondestructive testing or material characterization. Topics like structural health monitoring, Terahertz methods, X-ray and thermography methods are presented. Besides different sensors for nondestructive testing, the book places much emphasis on signal/image processing and pattern recognition of the signals acquired.

Download or read book Ultrasonic Nondestructive Evaluation written by Tribikram Kundu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-12-29 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most books on ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation (NDE) focus either on its theoretical background or on advanced applications. Furthermore, information on the most current applications, such as guided wave techniques and acoustic microscopy, is scattered throughout various conference proceedings and journals. No one book has integrated these aspe

Download or read book Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation written by Donald O. Thompson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 2362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This authoritative and up-to-date series provides a comprehensive review of the latest research results in quantitative nondestructive evaluation (NDE). Leading investigators working in government agencies, major industries, and universities present a broad spectrum of work extending from basic research to early engineering applications.

Download or read book The Evaluation of Materials and Structures by Quantitative Ultrasonics written by J.D. Achenbach and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-04 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nondestructive evaluation (NDE) procedures are needed for materials processing, as well as for post-process materials testing. They play important roles in product design, analysis of service-life expectancy, manufacturing and quality control of manufactured products. They are also essential to on-line monitoring of the integrity of structural elements and complex systems. Rational accept and reject criteria should be based on NDE tests. Critical safety, efficiency and operational features of large-scale structures depend on adequate NDE capabilities. The lectures presented in this volume are concerned with quantitative ultrasonic NDE. They present fundamental concepts and basic theory, as well as applications to the detection of cracks and the evaluation of material properties. The following topics are discussed: basic wave propagation theory for ultrasonic NDE; piezoelectric transducers, EMATS and ultrasonic spectroscopy; laser-based ultrasonics; acoustoelasticity; ultrasound in solids with porosity, microcracking and polycrystalline structuring; the determination of mechanical properties of composite materials; inverse problems and imaging.

Download or read book Nondestructive Evaluation of Aging Materials and Composites III written by George Y. Baaklini and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 1999 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ultrasonic Nondestructive Testing of Materials written by Karl-Jörg Langenberg and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-02-22 with total page 774 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrasonic Nondestructive Testing of Materials: Theoretical Foundations explores the mathematical foundations and emerging applications of this testing process, which is based on elastic wave propagation in isotropic and anisotropic solids. In covering ultrasonic nondestructive testing methods, the book emphasizes the engineering point of view, yet it relies on the physics and mathematics aspects involved in elastic wave propagation theory. As a result, this resource becomes a missing link in the literature by combining coverage of the theoretical aspects of testing and providing intuitive assessments of numerous standard problems to illustrate fundamental assertions. Content includes a brief description of the theory of acoustic and electromagnetic fields to underline the similarities and differences as compared to elastodynamics. It also covers vector algebra and analysis, elastic plane and Rayleigh surface waves, and ultrasonic beams, as well as transducer radiation, inverse scattering, and ultrasonic nondestructive imaging. Includes numerical computations to explain wave propagation phenomena and compare results of analytical formulations Although ultrasonic nondestructive testing can often be roughly understood in terms of plane waves and beams, this book addresses the key issues of transducer radiation and defect scattering and imaging, respectively. The authors physically formulate point source synthesis, and, in mathematical terms, they use representation integrals with Green functions, always including intuitive interpretations with mathematical evaluations. Replacing cumbersome index notation with a coordinate-free version, this reference offers step-by-step documentation of relevant tensorial elastodynamic cases involving isotropic and anisotropic materials. It provides all necessary mathematical tools readers require to understand the mathematical and physical basis for ultrasonic nondestructive testing.

Download or read book Fundamentals of Ultrasonic Nondestructive Evaluation written by Lester W. Schmerr Jr. and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-30 with total page 765 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This extensively revised and updated second edition of a widely read classic presents the use of ultrasound in nondestructive evaluation (NDE) inspections. Retaining the first edition's use of wave propagation /scattering theory and linear system theory, this volume also adds significant new material including: the introduction of MATLAB® functions and scripts that evaluate key results involving beam propagation and scattering, flaw sizing, and the modeling of ultrasonic systems. elements of Gaussian beam theory and a multi-Gaussian ultrasonic beam model for bulk wave transducers. a new chapter on the connection between ultrasonic modeling and probability of detection (POD) and reliability models. new and improved derivations of ultrasonic measurement models. updated coverage of ultrasonic simulators that have been developed around the world. Students, engineers, and researchers working in the ultrasonic NDE field will find a wealth of information on the modeling of ultrasonic inspections and the fundamental ultrasonic experiments that support those models in this new edition.

Download or read book Application of Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy to Inhomogeneous Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy (RUS) has been used successfully to determine the elastic properties of single crystal and homogeneous materials. We have attempted to answer the following question. Under what conditions is RUS a useful tool for determining the moduli of macroscopic, inhomogeneous samples. We concentrated on identifying a sample geometry that will maximize success with RUS. The work consisted of numerical modeling of sample resonances under varying conditions, and empirical testing of rock samples. Numerical modeling and empirical testing indicate that RUS is a viable technique for characterizing the average isotropic elastic moduli of inhomogeneous materials, although larger RMS errors can be expected than for single crystal materials. Success with RUS can optimized by ensuring that the sample size is large compared to the scale of inhomogeneity and by using a high aspect ratio parallelepiped sample.

Download or read book Introduction to the Principles of Materials Evaluation written by David C. Jiles and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-11-08 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Choosing the proper material testing technique is important not just for economic reasons; in many circumstances, it can save lives. Building on the common links among all types of material evaluation methods, Introduction to the Principles of Materials Evaluation presents a thorough examination of all types of destructive and nondestructive

Download or read book Ultrasonic Nondestructive Evaluation Systems written by Lester W. Schmerr Jr and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-22 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using a systems level approach, this book employs aspects of linear systems theory and wave propagation and scattering theory to develop a comprehensive model of an entire ultrasonic measurement system. This integrated approach leads to a new model-based engineering technology for designing, using and optimizing ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation inspections. In addition, the book incorporates MATLAB examples and exercises.

Download or read book Ultrasonic Scattering in Biological Tissues written by K. Kirk Shung and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-09-16 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrasonic Scattering in Biological Tissues contains 14 chapters written by world-renowned authorities who describe current work related to theoretical and experimental aspects of ultrasonic scattering phenomenon in biological tissues. Introductory material regarding ultrasonic scattering in biological tissues is presented, followed by discussions on theoretical treatments, experimental approaches, in vitro results on selective tissues, in vivo results on various tissues, and the current status of quantitative backscatter imaging. Ultrasonic Scattering in Biological Tissues will be an excellent reference for biomedical engineers, ultrasound specialists, biophysicists, and radiology researchers.

Download or read book Development of Infrared Techniques for Practical Defect Identification in Bonded Joints written by Rachael C. Waugh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-16 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maximizing reader insights into the use of thermography, specifically pulsed and pulse phase thermography (PT and PPT), for the identification of kissing defects in adhesive bonds, this thesis focuses on the application of PT and PPT for the identification of a range of defect types in a variety of materials to establish the effect of material properties on identification of defects. Featuring analysis of a numerical model developed to simulate the thermal evolution created during a PT or PPT experiment, after validation through a series of case studies, this model is then used as a predictive tool to relate defect detectability to the thermal property contrast between defect and bulk materials. Demonstrating a means of producing realistic kissing defects in bonded joints where insufficient thermal property contrast exists defects have a limited effect on heat propagation through a component and therefore are not detected using PT or PPT, this thesis discusses the addition of a small load to bonds containing kissing defects which was found to open the defects sufficiently to enable their detection. A low cost infrared detector, Flir Tau320, is compared to the research based photon detector, Flir SC5000, and is shown to be suitable for application in PT, thus enabling a significantly lower cost tool to be developed.

Download or read book Nondestructive Evaluation written by Don E. Bray and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-12-12 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nondestructive evaluation (NDE) inspection schemes are important in design, manufacturing, and maintenance. By correctly applying techniques of NDE, we can reduce machine and system failures and increase reliability of operating systems over an extended lifetime. Nondestructive Evaluation: A Tool in Design, Manufacturing, and Service introduces and discusses primary techniques used in the field, including ultrasonics, acoustic emission, magnetics, radiography, penetrants, and eddy currents. Examples of each of these techniques are included, demonstrating typical applications.

Download or read book Ultrasonic and Electromagnetic NDE for Structure and Material Characterization written by Tribikram Kundu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 890 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most books on nondestructive evaluation (NDE) focus either on the theoretical background or on advanced applications. Bridging the gap between the two, Ultrasonic and Electromagnetic NDE for Structure and Material Characterization: Engineering and Biomedical Applications brings together the principles, equations, and applications of ultrasonic and