Download or read book Ultrasonic Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of Residual Stress written by Fred Rollins and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shear wave birefringence in metal specimens has been studied as a possible method of nondestructively measuring residual stresses. It was established that the stress-induced birefringence in Al and steel varies linearly with the magnitude of an applied stress and does not change appreciably as these metals are deformed plastically. Other sources of birefringence were studied also. Preferred orientation is a major source especially in rolled metal stock. A pulse echo technique for observing shear wave birefringence is described and the current limitations are discussed. (Author).
Download or read book Study of Ultrasonic Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of Residual Stress written by Fred R. Rollins and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Structural and Residual Stress Analysis by Nondestructive Methods written by V. Hauk and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1997-11-10 with total page 655 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of stress analysis has gained its momentum from the widespread applications in industry and technology and has now become an important part of materials science. Various destructive as well as nondestructive methods have been developed for the determination of stresses. This timely book provides a comprehensive review of the nondestructive techniques for strain evaluation written by experts in their respective fields.The main part of the book deals with X-ray stress analysis (XSA), focussing on measurement and evaluation methods which can help to solve the problems of today, the numerous applications of metallic, polymeric and ceramic materials as well as of thin-film-substrate composites and of advanced microcomponents. Furthermore it contains data, results, hints and recommendations that are valuable to laboratories for the certification and accreditation of their stress analysis.Stress analysis is an active field in which many questions remain unsettled. Accordingly, unsolved problems and conflicting results are discussed as well. The assessment of the experimentally determined residual and structural stress states on the static and dynamic behavior of materials and components is handled in a separate chapter.Students and engineers of materials science and scientists working in laboratories and industries will find this book invaluable.
Download or read book Study of Ultrasonic Techniques for the Nondestructive Measurement of Residual Stress written by Fred R. Rollins and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book STUDY OF ULTRASONIC METHODS FOR NONDESTRUCTIVE MEASUREMENT OF RESIDUAL STRESS written by and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of stress-induced birefringence was continued in both polycrystalline and single crystal experiments. The effect is explained on the basis of nonliner elasticity theory. Experiments indicate that dislocation activity does not strongly affect results in polycrystalline specimens, however a pronounced influence may be observed in single crystals. Nonlinear elasticity theory was used to investigate the interaction of two intersecting, plane, elastic waves in a homogeneous, isotropic medium. A criterion for the occurrence of a strong scattered wave was derived and as formulated as a relationship between the second order elastic constants of the material, and the angle between the intersecting wave vectors and the ratio of primary wave frequencies.
Download or read book Study of Ultrasonic Techniques for the Nondestructive Measurement of Residual Stress written by Fred R. Rollins and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Materials Characterization Using Nondestructive Evaluation NDE Methods written by Gerhard Huebschen and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2016-03-23 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Materials Characterization Using Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) Methods discusses NDT methods and how they are highly desirable for both long-term monitoring and short-term assessment of materials, providing crucial early warning that the fatigue life of a material has elapsed, thus helping to prevent service failures. Materials Characterization Using Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) Methods gives an overview of established and new NDT techniques for the characterization of materials, with a focus on materials used in the automotive, aerospace, power plants, and infrastructure construction industries. Each chapter focuses on a different NDT technique and indicates the potential of the method by selected examples of applications. Methods covered include scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray microtomography and diffraction, ultrasonic, electromagnetic, microwave, and hybrid techniques. The authors review both the determination of microstructure properties, including phase content and grain size, and the determination of mechanical properties, such as hardness, toughness, yield strength, texture, and residual stress. - Gives an overview of established and new NDT techniques, including scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray microtomography and diffraction, ultrasonic, electromagnetic, microwave, and hybrid techniques - Reviews the determination of microstructural and mechanical properties - Focuses on materials used in the automotive, aerospace, power plants, and infrastructure construction industries - Serves as a highly desirable resource for both long-term monitoring and short-term assessment of materials
Download or read book Practical Residual Stress Measurement Methods written by Gary S. Schajer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-08-01 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introductory and intermediate level handbook written in pragmatic style to explain residual stresses and to provide straightforward guidance about practical measurement methods. Residual stresses play major roles in engineering structures, with highly beneficial effects when designed well, and catastrophic effects when ignored. With ever-increasing concern for product performance and reliability, there is an urgent need for a renewed assessment of traditional and modern measurement techniques. Success critically depends on being able to make the most practical and effective choice of measurement method for a given application. Practical Residual Stress Measurement Methods provides the reader with the information needed to understand key residual stress concepts and to make informed technical decisions about optimal choice of measurement technique. Each chapter, written by invited specialists, follows a focused and pragmatic format, with subsections describing the measurement principle, residual stress evaluation, practical measurement procedures, example applications, references and further reading. The chapter authors represent both international academia and industry. Each of them brings to their writing substantial hands-on experience and expertise in their chosen field. Fully illustrated throughout, the book provides a much-needed practical approach to residual stress measurements. The material presented is essential reading for industrial practitioners, academic researchers and interested students. Key features: • Presents an overview of the principal residual stress measurement methods, both destructive and non-destructive, with coverage of new techniques and modern enhancements of established techniques • Includes stand-alone chapters, each with its own figures, tables and list of references, and written by an invited team of international specialists
Download or read book Ultrasonic and Advanced Methods for Nondestructive Testing and Material Characterization written by Chi-hau Chen and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2007 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrasonic methods have been very popular in nondestructive testing and characterization of materials. This book deals with both industrial ultrasound and medical ultrasound. The advantages of ultrasound include flexibility, low cost, in-line operation, and providing data in both signal and image formats for further analysis. The book devotes 11 chapters to ultrasonic methods. However, ultrasonic methods can be much less effective with some applications. So the book also has 14 chapters catering to other or advanced methods for nondestructive testing or material characterization. Topics like structural health monitoring, Terahertz methods, X-ray and thermography methods are presented. Besides different sensors for nondestructive testing, the book places much emphasis on signal/image processing and pattern recognition of the signals acquired.
Download or read book Nondestructive Characterization of Residual Stress Using Micromagnetic and Ultrasonic Techniques written by Madalina Rabung and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Material processing and service loads in different lifecycle stages of a product,Äîranging from semi-finished goods to operating structures,Äîlead to an unfavorable superposition of residual stresses, especially of micro- and macro-residual stresses. Whereas near-surface compressive stress is often desired as it prolongs the useful service life, undesired, steep stress gradients and tensile stress at the surface promote the occurrence of cracks and wear during operation, ultimately leading to expensive and possibly dangerous premature component failure. Reliable management of the residual stress condition significantly contributes to the assessment and optimization of a part,Äôs or component,Äôs lifetime. Therefore, the nondestructive evaluation of residual stress in objects of different scales reaching from laboratory samples over semi-finished products up to operating components and structures has gained significant importance in the latest decades. Micromagnetic and ultrasonic methods are based on the interaction of an external magnetic field or an ultrasonic wave, respectively, with the material,Äôs microstructure and residual stress fields on different scales and in different depths from the material surface. The present contribution provides an overview regarding the local and volumetric measurement, characterization and evaluation of macro- and micro-residual stress by means of micromagnetic and ultrasonic techniques.
Download or read book Nondestructive Measurement of Bulk Residual Stresses written by Kamel Salama and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research on this contract was initiated in July 1982 in order to develop the method of the temperature dependence of ultrasonic velocity for the nondestructive evaluation of bulk residual stresses. Results previously obtained on aluminum, copper and steel have shown that this method offers a promising possibility for measurements of bulk stresses in these materials. The results also indicate that the method is less sensitive to variations caused by alloy composition and perhaps texture. Two objectives have been set for the research to be performed during the first year of this program. The first objective is to establish experimental relationships between the temperature dependence of ultrasonic velocity and stress applied in a direction parallel to and perpendicular to that of wave propagation. These relationships are to represent the variations of the temperature dependence when the stresses are applied in tension as well as in compression.
Download or read book Review of Ultrasonic Velocity Methods of Determining Residual Stress written by Stuart James Rumble and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Residual stress is the stress remaining in a body when all external forces have been removed. Residual stresses can occur as a result of fabrication, assembly, load history, heat treatment or welding. They may be compressive or tensile, and often contribute to the occurrence of component failure. The contribution of these stresses to premature structural failure has long been recognized. However their measurement has usually been difficult and in many cases not possible. Recognition of the benefits of knowing the value of residual stresses has led to recent efforts to improve the capability of known methods of measuring them and to the development of new techniques. The residual stresses in a body can be divided into two classes depending on the extent of the stress. In typical engineering materials, residual microstresses extend over a few grains, whereas residual macrostresses which are most amenable to the practical measurement methods discussed in this paper. It notes that while velocity methods have not been refined to the stage of practical use, they show considerable promise. The theoretical basis, and the experimental techniques of the ultrasonic methods are reviewed with emphasis on the separation of the competing effects of texture and stress on ultrasonic velocity. Keyword: Australia.
Download or read book Handbook of Residual Stress and Deformation of Steel written by George E. Totten and published by ASM International. This book was released on 2002 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation Examines the factors that contribute to overall steel deformation problems. The 27 articles address the effect of materials and processing, the measurement and prediction of residual stress and distortion, and residual stress formation in the shaping of materials, during hardening processes, and during manufacturing processes. Some of the topics are the stability and relaxation behavior of macro and micro residual stresses, stress determination in coatings, the effects of process equipment design, the application of metallo- thermo-mechanic to quenching, inducing compressive stresses through controlled shot peening, and the origin and assessment of residual stresses during welding and brazing. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
Download or read book Study of Ultrasonic Techniques for the Ndt Measurement of Residual Stress written by F. R. ROLLINS and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Springer Handbook of Experimental Solid Mechanics written by William N. Sharpe, Jr. and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-04 with total page 1100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Springer Handbook of Experimental Solid Mechanics documents both the traditional techniques as well as the new methods for experimental studies of materials, components, and structures. The emergence of new materials and new disciplines, together with the escalating use of on- and off-line computers for rapid data processing and the combined use of experimental and numerical techniques have greatly expanded the capabilities of experimental mechanics. New exciting topics are included on biological materials, MEMS and NEMS, nanoindentation, digital photomechanics, photoacoustic characterization, and atomic force microscopy in experimental solid mechanics. Presenting complete instructions to various areas of experimental solid mechanics, guidance to detailed expositions in important references, and a description of state-of-the-art applications in important technical areas, this thoroughly revised and updated edition is an excellent reference to a widespread academic, industrial, and professional engineering audience.
Download or read book Determination of the Accuracy of Residual Stress Measurement Methods written by Tendai Chipanga and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2010-12 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book appeals to an audience in the engineering field specifically Mechanical Engineering. Professional design engineers will find this work useful in the estimation of the magnitudes of residual stresses in components and correctly account for them when determining factors of safety. Destructive and non-destructive technicians will find it helpful in the condition monitoring of plant and equipment while a basis for researchers is laid to pursue further work.The book focuses on the measurements of displacements, time of flight/ultrasonic velocity and strains in steel specimens which subsequently prompts the calculation of stresses. The following methods are covered; Hole Drilling, Ultrasonic (Debro-30) System and Digital Shearography. Emphasis is laid on the experimental procedures and the analysis of the results thereof. A novel technique of quantifying residual stresses using shearograms obtained from Digital Shearography experimental data is proposed. This however warrants further investigations that require independent verification stress measurement methods.
Download or read book Practical Residual Stress Measurement Methods written by Gary S. Schajer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-09-23 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introductory and intermediate level handbook written in pragmatic style to explain residual stresses and to provide straightforward guidance about practical measurement methods. Residual stresses play major roles in engineering structures, with highly beneficial effects when designed well, and catastrophic effects when ignored. With ever-increasing concern for product performance and reliability, there is an urgent need for a renewed assessment of traditional and modern measurement techniques. Success critically depends on being able to make the most practical and effective choice of measurement method for a given application. Practical Residual Stress Measurement Methods provides the reader with the information needed to understand key residual stress concepts and to make informed technical decisions about optimal choice of measurement technique. Each chapter, written by invited specialists, follows a focused and pragmatic format, with subsections describing the measurement principle, residual stress evaluation, practical measurement procedures, example applications, references and further reading. The chapter authors represent both international academia and industry. Each of them brings to their writing substantial hands-on experience and expertise in their chosen field. Fully illustrated throughout, the book provides a much-needed practical approach to residual stress measurements. The material presented is essential reading for industrial practitioners, academic researchers and interested students. Key features: • Presents an overview of the principal residual stress measurement methods, both destructive and non-destructive, with coverage of new techniques and modern enhancements of established techniques • Includes stand-alone chapters, each with its own figures, tables and list of references, and written by an invited team of international specialists
