Download or read book Two Essays on Non GAAP Reporting written by Dongfang Nie and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation investigates the interrelationships between a client's non-GAAP earnings disclosures, financial health (profit and loss status), and the external auditor's assessment of the client's going concern status. This dissertation comprises two essays. Essay 1 examines the informativeness and the quality of non-GAAP earnings disclosures in profit and loss firms separately. Using a large sample of non-GAAP earnings voluntarily disclosed by managers, I find that the informativeness and the quality of non-GAAP earnings vary in firms cross-classified by GAAP loss status and non-GAAP loss status. I also find that loss firms have higher quality non-GAAP exclusions relative to profit firms, although the expenses excluded by both profit and loss firms are associated with firms' future performance. Further, I posit and find that profit firms which voluntarily disclose non-GAAP losses have high-quality exclusions, while other non-GAAP reporting profit firms have low-quality exclusions. Having found that non-GAAP earnings in loss firms is opportunistic to some extent, I next study, in Essay 2, whether auditors understand the implications of low-quality non-GAAP reporting in these firms. Specifically, I examine 1) whether non-GAAP earnings disclosures are associated with the propensity of the auditor's going concern issuance to loss firms, and 2) whether non-GAAP earnings disclosures affect the accuracy of the auditor's going concern assessment. This is important because auditors often conduct audits of loss firms that disclose non-GAAP earnings, and the consequences of issuing wrong audit opinions can be severe. I find that the propensity of the auditor's going concern issuance is negatively associated with the magnitude of expense exclusions in loss firms, after controlling for determinants of going concern opinions that are derived from GAAP earnings. This finding suggests that auditors take into account information embedded in non-GAAP earnings when assessing clients' going concern status. Using bankruptcy outcome as a benchmark, I find that non-GAAP earnings disclosures could increase type II errors in auditors' going concern reporting. I further find that small size auditors and non-specialist auditors are more likely to be misled by non-GAAP reporting when making going concern decisions. In sum, my dissertation furthers our understanding of non-GAAP reporting and its implication for auditors' decision making for issuing going concern opinions.

Download or read book Essays on Non GAAP Earnings Disclosure written by Hangsoo Kyung and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays on Say on Pay written by Karen Naaman and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation comprises three essays on issues related to Say-on-Pay, a governance measure which allows shareholders to vote on executive compensation. In the first essay adopting a window-dressing perspective, I examine whether the mandatory adoption of Say-on-Pay is associated with opportunistic non-GAAP reporting to mislead shareholders about firm's performance and avoid shareholder dissatisfaction against executive compensation. The sample comprises U.S. Fortune 250 firms, from 2003 until 2017. Results show that managers increasingly disclose non-GAAP earnings and exclude recurring items after the mandatory adoption of Say-on-Pay regulation. Also, managers' exclusion choice of recurring items and the likelihood of reporting non-GAAP metrics are more pronounced during years when the firm is subject to a vote. The findings shed some light on the unintended consequences of Say-on-Pay, especially when the ethical concerns about non-GAAP reporting are raised. The second essay integrates agency and resource dependence theories to examine the influence of compensation committee members' qualities and non-GAAP reporting on shareholders' Say-on-Pay support. Compensation committee quality is an aggregate measure of compensation committee attributes that include the directors' interdependencies, their tenure, holding a CEO position, the number of seats they hold, and committee size. Results suggest that high quality compensation committees influence shareholders to provide a support to their Say-on-Pay vote. Moreover, the quality of non-GAAP reporting is associated with shareholders' votes. Shareholders do not appear to be misled by low-quality non-GAAP metrics and managers' opportunistic motive. On the contrary, shareholders vote against executive compensation when these metrics are of low-quality. While policy makers have set the regulation to curb excessive executive pay through shareholders' votes, this study reveals that factors other than the excess pay itself may influence shareholders' perceptions. The third essay synthesizes research on Say-on-Pay and classifies it into two categories that revolve around the determinants and consequences of Say-on-Pay. Based on the first and second essays of my dissertation, I build a conceptual model that represents two closed interconnections. The first connection is between Say-on-Pay and compensation committees. Shareholders' Say-on-Pay votes are more favorable when compensation committee quality is high. However, when shareholders vote against executive compensation in Say-on-Pay, they also vote against the re-election of compensation committee members. The second connection of the model is between Say-on-Pay and non-GAAP reporting. The introduction of Say-on-Pay motivates managers to opportunistically report non-GAAP metrics. However, when managers report low-quality non-GAAP metrics, shareholders' Say-on-Pay votes become more negative. Thus, it appears that Say-on-Pay holds simultaneously a dual role as both a determinant and a consequence in its relation to compensation committee and non-GAAP reporting. Keywords: Say-on-Pay; Executive compensation; Non-GAAP earnings; Compensation committee quality; Interdependent directors; Director tenure; CEO directors; Director shareholdings; Additional directorships; Committee size.

Download or read book Reporting Non GAAP Financial Measures written by Nicola Moscariello and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2019-11-25 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of alternative performance indicators (APMs) (also known as ‘Non-GAAP’ earnings) is a widespread phenomenon, and the increased reliance on APMs has recently triggered a strong debate among regulators, managers and investors on the nature of these ‘tailored’ earnings and on the economic reasons behind them. On one hand, APMs might reflect managers’ attempt to offer useful information to predict companies’ future sustainable cash-flows and earnings (information hypothesis), while, on the other, the non-standardized nature of these metrics impacts on the comparability of the financial results, and reduces the reliability and the faithful representation of financial information (opportunistic hypothesis). By collecting several theoretical and empirical contributions on APMs, this book provides a number of interesting and useful insights on the economics of APMs and their impact on financial markets.

Download or read book Small Cap Financial Reporting written by Linda Campbell and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the determinants of emphasis on non-GAAP disclosures in the earnings announcements of small cap companies. Two proxies of non-GAAP information emphasis are investigated -- placement of the first non-GAAP disclosure and placement of the non-GAAP to GAAP reconciliation required by Regulation G. Using hand-collected data from fourth quarter press releases, we find evidence indicating that small cap firms place a higher level of emphasis on non-GAAP financial measures when GAAP earnings suggest lower value-relevance and when their shares are owned by a higher proportion of institutional investors. We also find that small cap companies decrease the level of emphasis placed on non-GAAP information as their listing tenure increases.

Download or read book The Essays of Warren Buffett written by Lawrence A. Cunningham and published by Carolina Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-03-15 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the third edition of this international best seller, Lawrence Cunningham brings you the latest wisdom from Warren Buffett’s annual letters to Berkshire Hathaway shareholders. New material addresses: the financial crisis and its continuing implications for investors, managers and society; the housing bubble at the bottom of that crisis; the debt and derivatives excesses that fueled the crisis and how to deal with them; controlling risk and protecting reputation in corporate governance; Berkshire’s acquisition and operation of Burlington Northern Santa Fe; the role of oversight in heavily regulated industries; investment possibilities today; and weaknesses of popular option valuation models. Some other material has been rearranged to deepen the themes and lessons that the collection has always produced: Buffett’s “owner-related business principles” are in the prologue as a separate subject and valuation and accounting topics are spread over four instead of two sections and reordered to sharpen their payoff. Media coverage is available at the following links: Interviews/Podcasts: Motley Fool, click here. Money, Riches and Wealth, click here. Manual of Ideas, click here. Corporate Counsel, click here. Reviews: William J. Taylor, ABA Banking Journal, click here. Bob Morris, Blogging on Business, click here. Pamela Holmes, Saturday Evening Post, click here. Kevin M. LaCroix, D&O Diary, click here. Blog Posts: On Finance issues (Columbia University), click here. On Berkshire post-Buffett (Manual of Ideas), click here. On Publishing the book (Value Walk), click here. On Governance issues (Harvard University blog), click here. Featured Stories/Recommended Reading: Motley Fool, click here. Stock Market Blog, click here. Motley Fool Interviews with LAC at Berkshire's 2013 Annual Meeting Berkshire Businesses: Vastly Different, Same DNA, click here. Is Berkshire's Fat Wallet an Enemy to Its Success?, click here. Post-Buffett Berkshire: Same Question, Same Answer, click here. How a Disciplined Value Approach Works Across the Decades, click here. Through the Years: Constant Themes in Buffett's Letters, click here. Buffett's Single Greatest Accomplishment, click here. Where Buffett Is Finding Moats These Days, click here. How Buffett Has Changed Through the Years, click here. Speculating on Buffett's Next Acquisition, click here. Buffett Says “Chief Risk Officers” Are a Terrible Mistake, click here. Berkshire Without Buffett, click here.

Download or read book Essays on the Economic Consequences of Mandatory IFRS Reporting around the world written by Ulf Brüggemann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-08-31 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ulf Brüggemann discusses and empirically investigates the economic consequences of mandatory switch to IFRS. He provides evidence that cross-border investments by individual investors increased following the introduction of IFRS.

Download or read book Intermediate Accounting Volume 1 written by Donald E. Kieso and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-11-15 with total page 914 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intermediate Accounting, 13th Canadian Edition has always been, and continues to be, the gold standard that helps connect students to the what, the why, and the how of accounting information. Through new edition updates, you will be able to spark efficient and effective learning and inspire and prepare students to be the accounting professionals of tomorrow. To help develop a deeper understanding of course concepts and move beyond basic understanding, students work through a high-quality assessment at varying levels, helping them learn more efficiently and create connections between topics and real-world application. This course also presents an emphasis on decision-making through Integrated Cases and Research and Analysis questions that allow students to analyze business transactions, apply both IFRS and ASPE, and explore how different accounting standards impact real companies. Throughout the course, students also work through a variety of hands-on activities including Data Analytics Problems, Analytics in Action features, Excel templates, and a new emphasis on sustainability, all within the chapter context. These applications help students develop an accounting decision-making mindset and improve the professional judgement and communication skills needed to be successful in the evolving accounting world.

Download or read book Tax Accounting in Germany written by Benedikt Zinn and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Book-tax conformity is an old issue in Germany. For decades, the determination of taxable income is characterized by the authoritative principle governing the traditionally close relationship between financial and tax accounting. However, book-tax differences have been growing throughout the last decades. In particular, the German Accounting Law Modernization Act (BilMoG) is seen to set a new cornerstone in the development towards an increasing divergence between financial and tax accounting. Despite the unanimous agreement of growing book-tax differences, little is so far known about the actual relationship between financial and tax accounting in Germany. In contrast to international research that has developed a variety of approaches to measure the reporting gap and investigated the information content of book-tax differences for corporate reporting behavior, empirical research on book-tax differences and their implications is rare in Germany. Based on two unique data samples the author aims to close this gap in research and, for the first time, provide empirically valid estimates of the sources and magnitude of book-tax differences in Germany. In doing so, the author also calls the information content of tax-related disclosure requirements under German GAAP into question and develops reform options that do not only take the German perspective into account, but also consider the ongoing discussion on a Common (Consolidated) Corporate Tax Base for Europe.

Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2009-04 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Financial Accounting and Equity Markets written by Philip Brown and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-06-19 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philip Brown is one of the most admired and respected accounting academics alive today. He was a pioneer in capital markets research in accounting, and his 1968 article, co-authored with Ray Ball, "An Empirical Evaluation of Accounting Income Numbers," arguably had a greater impact on the course of accounting research, directly and indirectly, than any other article during the second half of the twentieth century. Since that time, his innovative research has focused on issues that bridge accounting and finance, including the relationships between net profit reports and the stock market, the long-run performance of acquiring firms, statutory sanctions and voluntary corporate disclosure, and the politics and future of national accounting standards to name a few. This volume brings together the greatest hits of Brown’s career, including several articles that were published in out-of-the-way places, for easier use by students and researchers in the field. With a foreword written by Stephen A. Zeff, and an introduction that discusses the evolution of Brown’s research interests and explains the context for each of the essays included in the volume, this book offers the reader a unique look inside this remarkable 50-year career.

Download or read book The Essays of Warren Buffett written by Warren Buffett and published by Cunningham Group. This book was released on 1998 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Introduction to Corporate Accounting Standards written by William Andrew Paton and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Practices Profession and Pedagogy in Accounting written by Jane Baxter and published by Sydney University Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Canvass a broad range of issues, including accounting theory, accounting history, international accounting, management accounting, internal auditing, and accounting education. The contributions range in style from thought pieces to histories to cross-sectional and case study analyses.

Download or read book Understanding Accounting Academic Research written by Stephen R. Moehrle and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2013-06-25 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accounting scandals such as Enron and WorldCom ushered in several regulatory overhauls including Sarbanes-Oxley. This monograph summarizes and synthesize a decade of academic research to develop an evolving dominant explanation around these myriad changes.

Download or read book Theory And Reality In Financial Economics Essays Toward A New Political Finance written by George M Frankfurter and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current literature on financial economics is dominated by neoclassical dogma and, supposedly, the notion of value-neutrality. However, the failure of neoclassical economics to deal with real financial phenomena suggests that this might be too simplistic of an approach.This book consists of a collection of essays dealing with financial markets' imperfections, and the inability of neoclassical economics to deal with such imperfections. Its central argument is that financial economics, as based on the tenets of neoclassical economics, cannot answer or solve the real-life problems that people face. It also shows the direct relationship between economics and politics — something that is usually denied in academic models, given that science is supposed to be value-neutral. In this thought-provoking and avant-garde book, the author not only exposes what has gone wrong, but also suggests reforms to both the academic and the political-economic systems that might help make markets fair rather than efficient. Drawing on interdisciplinary fields, this book will appeal to readers who are interested in finance, economics, business, the political economy and philosophy.

Download or read book Essays on the Effects of Variation in Earnings Quality on the Coast of Equity Capital written by Gerhard J. Barone and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: