Download or read book Twenty year Interior Spruce Tree Growth and Nutrient Levels on Calcareous Soils in Southeastern British Columbia written by Douglas George Maynard and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The general objective of this study was to determine if calcium carbonate was a limiting factor in the growth of 20-year old interior spruce. The specific objectives were: to describe the soil conditions for the acidic (eka) and calcareous (ekc) soil groupings for the progeny test sites studied by Xie et al. (1998); to determine the relationship of 20-year-old interior spruce growth with depth to carbonates at two calcareous sites within the former Invermere Forest District; to determine the relationship of soil and foliar chemistry to interior spruce growth at the two calcareous sites; and to compare the foliage chemistry of interior spruce growing on calcareous soils to interior spruce growing on a non-calcareous soil.--Document.

Download or read book Proceedings written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Development and Structure of Three High elevation Old Spruce fir Stands in the Quesnel Highland of East central British Columbia written by O. A. Steen and published by University of British Columbia Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study describes the composition, size and age structure, and development of three old Engelmann spruce-subalpine fir stands at high elevations (>1500 m) in the Quesnel Highland in east-central British Columbia. The descriptions provide a basis for designing alternative silvicultural systems that will maintain usable old-forest habitat for mountain caribou and other old-growth-dependent species. Subalpine fir, which comprised 86% of all stems in the three stands, had inverse-J-shaped size and age profiles. Engelmann spruce included the largest trees in each stand but had bimodal size and age profiles. Age structure interpretations suggest that the stands have developed over periods of about 290-450 years since the last major stand-level disturbances (probably wildfires). Current stand age structures contain no clear evidence of post-establishment stand-level disturbances, although the data do not exclude the possibility of such disturbances. Approximately 29% of the fir trees and 13% of the spruce trees were dead. Age analyses of the tree seedling banks in the three stands indicate stable populations with continuous recruitment during the last 40 years. Young seedlings occurred preferentially on woody debris in advanced stages of decay, suggesting that seedling density differences among stands may be due at least partially to differences in the amount of woody debris. The stand that apparently had the shortest time (about 290 years) for development since major disturbance had a structure that was still adjusting to disturbance. Evidence of this adjustment includes a bimodal fir age distribution and a high density of small trees that are apparently undergoing thinning. In addition, this stand had very few large (>60 cm dbh) live or dead trees and low volumes of coarse woody debris, especially in large and well-decomposed pieces, compared to the other two stands. A comparison of the three stands in this study suggests that naturally established high-elevation forests of the ESSFwc3 may not achieve some old-growth attributes, such as large dead trees and large, well-decomposed woody debris, until 400 or more years following initiation. The two stands in this study with the longest period of development (at least 450 years) had balanced size and age structures and well-represented old-growth attributes such as large dead trees and large, well-decayed woody debris. Planted stands may achieve some ESSFwc3 old-growth features several decades sooner than natural stands, due to a shorter stand initiation period. The alternative silvicultural system that has been proposed for maintaining suitable mountain caribou habitat following harvesting in this area (group selection system with 240-year rotation) will likely result in stands with many old-growth features, including abundant arboreal lichens. Some features that may not be present in these stands include a uniform inverse-J age distribution, many large (>60 cm dbh) live and standing dead trees, and large-diameter, well-decayed woody debris. As old stands in the ESSFwc3 continue to age without outside disturbance, the spruce component of the stands will likely decline. Partial harvesting would help to maintain a significant component of spruce in these stands.

Download or read book Ecology and Regeneration of Lodgepole Pine written by James E. Lotan and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Agriculture Handbook written by James E. Lotan and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Set includes revised editions of some issues.

Download or read book Growth and Nutrient Status of Black Spruce Seedlings as Affected by Water Table Depth written by Miroslaw M. Czapowskyj and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: S2A greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the effects of soil water level on growth, biomass accretion, and inorganic element uptake by black spruce. One-year-old containerized seedlings were grown for 3 years at three water table depths. All trees survived for the duration of the study confirming that black spruce has a certain degree of survival tolerance to high water tables. However, tree height, diameter growth, and biomass production significantly increased as the depth to water table increased. The foliar levels of N, P, K, Mg, Fe, Zn, and B increased and those of Cu and Mn decreased with the increasing depth to the water table. For ash and Ca, differences were significant but did not follow a consistent trend. In shoots, the level of N, Ca, and Mg increased and those of ash, K, Fe, Cu, B, Al, and Mn decreased with the increasing depth to the water table. The level of P was not affected by the water table. In roots, the level of N and Ca increased and the level of ash, Mn, Fe, Al, and Cu decreased with increasing depth to the water table. The level of P, Mg, and Zn was significantly different but did not follow any trend. Foliar concentration of ash, Ca, Na, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, Al, and B increased and concentration of N, P, K, and Mg decreased with the increasing foliage age. In shoots, ash, Ca, Al, Fe, and Zn increased and N, P, K, Mg, and B decreased with the increasing tree and shoot age. In roots, Fe, Mn, Na, and Al increased and N, P, and Cu decreased with the increasing tree age.S3.

Download or read book Root growth Relationships of Juvenile White Spruce Alpine Fir and Lodgepole Pine on Three Soils in the Interior of British Columbia written by S. Eis and published by ottawa : information canada. This book was released on 1970 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ecology and Management of Sitka Spruce written by N. Merle Peterson and published by UBC Press. This book was released on 2011-11-01 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sitka spruce, the largest of the world's spruces, is an important component of British Columbia's coastal forests. Its ecology gives it a special place in the sustainable management of the province's forests. However, in west coast forestry it is poorly known in comparison with its main coniferous companions -- Douglas-fir, western redcedar, and western hemlock. As an important international forestry resource, it is crucial that Sitka spruce -- its ecology and the ecosystems in which it occurs -- be clearly understood by those who are involved with its management.

Download or read book Growth of Interior Spruce Seedlings on Forest Floor Materials written by Jeanette Lynne Heineman and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On a site with a high water table and thick forest floor near Smithers, B.C., two year-old Interior spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss X Picea engelmanni Parry) container seedlings were outplanted onto mineral soil, H-layer material, F-layer material, and rotten wood. Large and small screef sizes were utilized. Temperature and volumetric water contents of the various substrates were monitored over the 1989 growing season, and fertilization with NH4NO3 was carried out at the beginning of the 1990 growing season. Destructive sampling of the seedling population took place in August 1989 and August 1990 in order to determine height, root collar diameter, root mass, shoot mass, total seedling mass, and shoot to root ratio. Foliar N concentrations were also determined in late August 1990. Differences in height and diameter for the seven screef size/substrate treatments were not significant, but the organic substrates produced seedlings of greater root, shoot, and total seedling mass than did mineral soil. Greater seedling mass was correlated most strongly with higher substrate temperature, and to a lesser extent with lower soil moisture content, as well as with higher foliar N concentration. There were no significant differences in survival between the treatments. Seedlings growing in the organic substrates had higher foliar N levels, and fertilization improved growth for all parameters. It is concluded that on sites such as this, better growth results can be achieved by planting Interior spruce seedlings high above the water table in F-layer material, where conditions are warmer and drier, than by making deep screefs down to more traditionally acceptable planting substrates such as mineral soil or even the well decomposed H-layer material.

Download or read book Genetics of Interior Spruce in British Columbia written by Chang-Yi Xie and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interior spruce (the white spruce/Engelmann spruce complex) is the most commonly planted tree in British Columbia and has the greatest value to the forest economy of the province. The Ministry of Forests initiated an ambitious breeding program for interior spruce in the late 1960s aimed at producing sufficient quantities of genetically improved seeds to meet demand for forest regeneration. The program started with designating three selection units across the complex, based mostly on biogeoclimatic information. In each unit, desirable phenotypes were selected and their genetic merit was tested in open pollinated progeny trials. This report summarizes 20-year test results on the performance & variability of the selected open-pollinated families in the East Kootenay selection unit. Results are presented regarding height growth, survival rates, diameter, stem volume, and variations in parameters among specific sites in the unit.

Download or read book NWOFTDU Technical Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Planting White Spruce Under Trembling Aspen written by C. DeLong and published by Ministry of Forests, Research Branch. This book was released on 2000 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Canadian Journal of Forest Research written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Influence of Initial Espacement on the Growth of a 32 year old White Spruce Plantation written by John C. (John Campbell) Pollack and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Influence of Initial Espacement on the Growth of a 27 year old Sitka Spruce Plantation written by John C. (John Campbell) Pollack and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of Site Preparation and Harvesting Practices on Planted Seedling Productivity and Microenvironment in Southern Interior Dry Grassy IDF Forests written by Jean Heineman and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dry, pinegrass-dominated sites in the interior Douglas fir (IDF) zone of southern interior British Columbia are challenging to regenerate, despite ongoing improvements in nursery & silviculture practices. Using results from three separate studies, this report discusses conifer seedling survival & growth responses to silvicultural systems & site preparation treatments that were applied to relieve harsh site conditions at Fehr Mountain, Murray Creek, and Opax Mountain. To help interpret these responses, the effects of silvicultural system & site preparation treatments on seedling microenvironment are also analyzed with reference to the following factors: soil water, air temperature, soil temperature, light, nutrient availability, soil physical properties, and ectomycorrhizae.

Download or read book Silvics of North America Conifers written by Russell M. Burns and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: