Download or read book Turkish Iranian Relations in a Changing Middle East written by F. Stephen Larrabee and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2013-08-26 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Turkish-Iranian cooperation has visibly intensified in recent years, thanks in part to Turkish energy needs and Iran's vast oil and natural gas resources. However, Turkey and Iran tend to be rivals rather than close partners. While they may share certain economic and security interests, especially regarding the Kurdish issue, their interests are at odds in many areas across the Middle East. Turkey's support for the opposition in Syria, Iran's only true state ally in the Middle East, is one example. Iraq has also become a field of growing competition between Turkey and Iran. Iran's nuclear program has been a source of strain and divergence in U.S.-Turkish relations. However, the differences between the United States and Turkey regarding Iran's nuclear program are largely over tactics, not strategic goals. Turkey's main fear is that Iran's acquisition of nuclear arms could lead to a nuclear arms race in the Middle East. This, in turn, could increase pressure on the Turkish government to consider developing its own nuclear weapon capability. U.S. and Turkish interests have become more convergent since the onset of the Syrian crisis. However, while U.S. and Turkish interests in the Middle East closely overlap, they are not identical. Thus, the United States should not expect Turkey to follow its policy toward Iran unconditionally. Turkey has enforced United Nations sanctions against Iran but, given Ankara's close energy ties to Tehran, may be reluctant to undertake the harshest measures against Iran.
Download or read book Turkey and Iran written by E. Fuat Keyman and published by Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research. This book was released on 2013-11-13 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the recent tensions in the relationship between Turkey and Iran, a thorny path awaits Turkish-Iranian affairs, unless Iran chooses to focus not on diverging self-interests, but a cooperative policy with Turkey to promote peace and stability in the region. But this alternative future might be fading due to current debacles. Turkish-Iranian relations came under significant strain with the escalation of tensions in Syria and also took a steep plunge after two other events with significant impact on the region’s security. The first incident came with Turkey’s acceptance to join the NATO missile shield program, and in 2011 Ankara decided to allow NATO’s early warning anti-missile radar system to be set up in the town of Kürecik, Southeastern Turkey, as part of the NATO capability. At that time, Turkey was criticized for turning her face to the East, although this was purely economic development; however, the decision to allow an anti-missile system on Turkish soil was an indication that Turkey is still close to her Western alliance. One should also never lose sight of that in Turkish-Iranian relations, Turkey’s maneuver area in the East–West pendulum affords Turkish foreign policy a rare flexibility. Unlike the Turkish case, Iran’s animosity towards the West denies Tehran such flexibility in its foreign relations. Furthermore, Iran’s resistance to the Arab uprisings and the way in which it deals with its own domestic situation introduces a curious ontological discussion. In fact, in the aftermath of the Arab uprisings, the Mullah regime has been confronted by a deeper crisis than is visible from outside. The recent tension that we have observed in Turkish-Iranian relations is in fact a projection of this crisis. The fact that Turkey will always maintain its Western identity means that a new status quo in Turkish-Iranian affairs will never develop until Iran confronts and settles its domestic discontent. Iran is at a fundamental crossroads today. The foreign policy decisions that Tehran will take is going to have irrevocable ramifications for the region and its partners. If the Iranian regime chooses to follow a more cooperative foreign and regional policy, the stability and prosperity blanket that Turkey has weaved will create a conducive environment for Iran to merge its capacity with others and work towards the common welfare of the region. However, if Tehran opts for nation building and sectarian policies, the regime will risk the deterioration of its constructive relations with steadfast patrons and partners like Turkey.
Download or read book Turkey Iran Relations 1979 2004 written by Robert W. Olson and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author emphasizes that, in addition to the Palestine-Israel conflict, the significance of the oil and gas resources of the Middle East and the U.S. and British occupation of Iraq, relations between Turkey and Iran are vital to understanding the politics of the Middle East and the future of the region."--BOOK JACKET.
Download or read book Is Turkey a Bridge Or a Threat written by Tibor Hargitai and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2013 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Particularly the last decade has seen Turkey becoming a prominent international actor in the Middle East. It likes to see itself as a conflict-manager and speaks of a zero problem toward neighbours foreign policy. This book attempts to understand Turkey's foreign policy, and the nature of the Turkish-Iranian relations. The central question of the book is whether Turkey is perceived to be a bridge or a threat by the European Union, the United States and the Arab world, and why. In analysing this question, particular attention is paid to the Turkey-Iran relations, due to the relevance of Iran in Middle East politics. Many factors influence the perspectives of these actors, and they fail to come to a consensus. Throughout the book, the appropriate historical context is provided for the best understanding of all the issues under discussion. This work will greatly extend your knowledge of Turkey's foreign policy and will give insights as to what the near future will be bringing.
Download or read book Turkey Russia and Iran in the Middle East written by Bayram Balci and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-14 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the complexity of the Syrian question and its effects on the foreign policies of Russia, Iran, and Turkey. The Syrian crisis has had a major effect on the regional order in the Middle East. Syria has become a territory where the rivalry between Russia and Western powers is being played out, and with the West’s gradual withdrawal, the conflict will without a doubt have lasting effects locally and on the international order. This collection focuses on the effects of the Syrian crisis on the new governance of the Middle East region by three political regimes: Russia, Iran, and Turkey. Many articles and a number of books have been written on this conflict, which has lasted over ten years, but no publication has examined simultaneously and comparatively how these three states are participating in the shared management of the Syrian conflict.
Download or read book Turkey s Role in the Middle East written by Patricia Carley and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preface -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Background -- 3. Historical and Geostrategic Context -- 4. Turkey, the Kurds, and Relations with Iraq -- 5. Turkey and Iran -- 6. Turkey, Syria, and the Water Crisis -- 7. Turkey and the Middle East Peace Process -- 8. Conclusion: Turkey's Future Role in the Middle East -- Conference Participants -- About the Author -- About the Institute.
Download or read book Iran and Turkey written by Marianna Charountaki and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2018-03-30 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The foreign policies of Turkey and Iran seem increasingly to dictate the course of events in the Middle East. More recently, and especially following the Syrian crisis, the spotlight has turned to these states' dynamic re-entry onto the political stage, revealing them as key players with an international role in efforts towards the balance of power across the region. This book traces the major determinants of Turkish and Iranian foreign policies and their influence on events in the Middle East. Based on an examination of these states' politics and policies since 1979, and using material gathered from interviews with leading political figures from Turkey, Iran and the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, Marianna Charountaki offers fresh insights into how we understand the contemporary global order. Of particular importance, this book shows, is the effect of both external and internal factors on foreign policy and how the interaction between state and non-state actors informs political decisions. In placing these issues in a theoretical framework, Marianna Charountaki pioneers a new conceptual map within International Relations. An interdisciplinary study that provides a fresh new perspective, this book will be of particular interest to scholars of International Relations, Politics, Foreign Policy, Kurdish and Middle East Studies.
Download or read book Turkey s Relations with the Middle East written by Hüseyin Işıksal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines contemporary political relations between Turkey and the Middle East. In the light of the Arab Uprisings of 2011, the Syria Crisis, the escalation of regional terrorism and the military coup attempt in Turkey, it illustrates the dramatic fluctuations in Turkish foreign policy towards key Middle Eastern countries, such as Iran, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Syria and Iraq. The contributors analyze Turkey’s deepening involvement in Middle Eastern regional affairs, also addressing issues such as terrorism, social and political movements and minority rights struggles. While these problems have traditionally been regarded as domestic matters, this book highlights their increasingly regional dimension and the implications for the foreign affairs of Turkey and countries in the Middle East.
Download or read book The Turkish Israeli Relationship written by O. Bengio and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-05-13 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Turkey and Israel are two of the most important countries in the Middle East, but also are outsiders to the region for political and cultural reasons. Here Bengio examines the historic, geo-strategic and political-cultural roots of the Turkish-Israeli relationship, from the 1950s until today. Linking the relationship's evolution to the complexities of Turkey's historical ties with the Arab world, and changing domestic, regional and global conditions, the book traces the ebb and flow of the curious ties between the two countries. Bengio calls for a significant revision in the received wisdom about inter-Arab and Arab-Israeli conflicts and rivalries, placing Turkey in a more central role. The book approaches Middle Eastern affairs from inside the region, based on Turkish, Israeli and Arab sources, providing a much needed corrective to American - and British - centered accounts.
Download or read book Iran Turkey Relations 1979 2011 written by Suleyman Elik and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-03-01 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Both Turkey and Iran are large and important countries in the Middle East; how these two countries relate to each other is of crucial importance both for the region and for the wider world. This book explores the diplomatic, security and energy relations of these two middle power states since 1979, analysing the impact of religious, political and social transformation on their bilateral relationship. It considers the nature of Turkey-Iran relations in the context of middle power relations theory, and goes on to look at diplomatic crises that have taken place between Turkey and Iran since 1979. The author analyses Turkey and Iran’s security relations with the wider Middle East, including the Kurdish-Turkish War, the Kurdish-Iranian War and the Kurdish-Arab War, and their impact on regional politics.
Download or read book The Turkey Russia Iran Nexus written by Samuel Brannen and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2013-11-25 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report is the culmination of a two-year project examining the complex relations among Turkey, Russia, and Iran in an effort to better understand these countries’ perceptions in the post-Cold War world and the conditions and interests that cause international political alignments among them. It surveys the undercurrents of these relationships in a political, economic, and energy supply and demand context and assesses the geostrategic and regional impact of these dynamics through a series of case studies on developments in the Middle East, Caucasus, and Central Asia. The report is meant to provide U.S. policymakers with practical recommendations for calibrating and balancing relations with each of these three countries, while taking into account the interests of other major actors. It integrates independent analysis by CSIS scholars with perspectives from Turkish, Russian, and Iranian counterparts obtained through extensive field research and two international workshops held in Ankara and Moscow.
Download or read book Reassessment of Turkish Foreign Policy written by Tugba Akyazi and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2012-11-23 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bachelor Thesis from the year 2012 in the subject Politics - Region: Near East, Near Orient, grade: 1,3, University of Cologne (Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität zu Köln), course: Internationale Politik, language: English, abstract: During the recent years Turkey has put immense efforts in healing relations with its neighbors, establishing closer ties regarding various interest areas, be it economic, cultural or political issues and acting as a facilitator in its close environment. Interestingly, this kind of approach was increasingly voiced at various international occasions since the Justice and Development Party (Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi-AKP) came to power in 2002. However, once one looks back in history, Turkey during the 1900s conducted a very different foreign policy strategy and viewed its close neighbors with suspicion and mistrust. This study argues that there has been a reassessment in Turkish foreign policy which has helped Turkey to acquire a new role in the Middle Eastern region. In this regard, this research aims to analyze whether there has been a changeover in Turkish Foreign policy and if so, what were the consequences regarding Turkey’s relations with its neighbors. Along with that purpose, this paper will elaborate on the factors which have shaped Turkish foreign policy, primarily on economic aspirations. Furthermore, the goal of this research is to focus particularly on Turkey’s relations towards its Middle Eastern neighbors. In this context this study provides an overview about the different phases Turkish foreign policy has undergone and examines Turkey’s changing role in the Middle East. Consequently, this research will help to understand fully Turkey’s recent involvement regarding the Arab uprisings and increasing commitment to the Middle East. This study is relevant in order to follow up Turkey’s increasing new role in the international arena. Nowadays, Turkey fills the news and headlines either in the Middle East, Europe, Asia and even in Africa . In order to understand recent discussions about Turkey one has to look behind Turkish foreign policy and in this sense, this paper provides a certain insight about former and current foreign policy goals of Turkey. Thus, to be able to see an overall picture, especially regarding the developments tied with the Arab spring, it is relevant to enlighten Turkey’s role in her surrounding regions, particularly in the Middle East.
Download or read book The New Turkish Foreign Policy Reassessment and Change written by Tugba Akyazi and published by diplom.de. This book was released on 2013-08-09 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the recent years, Turkey has put immense efforts in healing relations with its neighbors, establishing closer ties regarding various interest areas, be it economic, cultural or political issues and acting as a facilitator in its close environment. However, once one looks back in history, Turkey during the 1900s conducted a very different foreign policy strategy and viewed its close neighbors with suspicion and mistrust. This study argues that there has been a reassessment in Turkish Foreign Policy which has helped Turkey to acquire a new role in the Middle East. In this regard, this research aims to analyze whether there has been a changeover in Turkish Foreign Policy and if so, what were the consequences regarding Turkey’s relations with its neighbors. Along with that purpose, this study will elaborate on the factors which have shaped Turkish Foreign Policy, primarily on economic aspirations. Furthermore, the goal of this research is to focus particularly on Turkey’s relations towards its Middle Eastern neighbors. Consequently, this research will help to understand fully Turkey’s recent involvement regarding the Arab uprisings and increasing commitment to the Middle East.
Download or read book Turkey Russia and Iran in the Middle East written by Bayram Balci and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 2021-10-20 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the complexity of the Syrian question and its effects on the foreign policies of Russia, Iran, and Turkey. The Syrian crisis has had a major effect on the regional order in the Middle East. Syria has become a territory where the rivalry between Russia and Western powers is being played out, and with the West’s gradual withdrawal, the conflict will without a doubt have lasting effects locally and on the international order. This collection focuses on the effects of the Syrian crisis on the new governance of the Middle East region by three political regimes: Russia, Iran, and Turkey. Many articles and a number of books have been written on this conflict, which has lasted over ten years, but no publication has examined simultaneously and comparatively how these three states are participating in the shared management of the Syrian conflict.
Download or read book Exploring Emotions in Turkey Iran Relations written by Mehmet Akif Kumral and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-15 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores emotional-affective implications of partnership and rivalry in Turkey-Iran relations. The main proposition of this research underlines the theoretical need to reconnect psycho-social conceptualizations of “emotionality,” “affectivity,” “normativity,” and “relationality.” By combining key theoretical findings, the book offers a holistic conceptual framework to better analyze emotional-affective configuration of relational rules and roles in trans-governmental neighborhood interactions. The empirical chapters look at four consecutive periods extending from the end of First World War (November 1918) to the resuscitation of US sanctions against Iran (November 2018). In each episode, global-regional contours and dyadic dynamics of Ankara-Tehran relationship are examined critically. The century-long history of emotional entanglements and affective arrangements exposes complex patterning of “feeling rules.” Two countervailing constellations still reign over relational narratives. While the 1514 Çaldıran war myth reproduces sectarian resentment and confrontational climate, the 1639 Kasr-ı Şirin peace story reconstructs secular sympathy and collaborative atmosphere in Turkish-Iranian affairs.
Download or read book Turkey s Relations with Iran and the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis examines the past and present condition of Turkey's relations with an ally, the United States, and an old neighbor, Iran, and identifies the variables that have divided or united these three important players of the Middle East since 1979. The goal of this thesis is to answer the following questions: Is Turkish foreign policy changing direction? Is there really a common ground for Turkey and Iran to cooperate for the stability of the region? Is cooperation possible for these two old rival states each of whom has been seeking to be the dominant power of this region since the very beginning of their relations' long history? If yes, is it worthwhile for Turkey to improve her relations with Iran even in the face of U.S. opposition? In this context, although there seems a relative recovery in Turkish-Iranian relations and a decline in Turkey's relations with the United States due to diverging interests in the Middle East, Turkey and the United States should realize their importance for each other. They should establish a stronger structure to synchronize relations, so they do not end up in a "lose-lose" position by ignoring each other's priorities.
Download or read book Turkey in the Middle East written by Alon Liel and published by Lynne Rienner Publishers. This book was released on 2001 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the turn of the century, modern Turkey remains torn between the secular heritage of its founder, Kemal Ataturk, and the political and social trends that challenge that legacy. Alon Liel traces the development of Turkey's current political environment, investigating the collapse of the country's economy in the 1970s, its recovery in the 1980s, its relationship with its Middle Eastern neighbors, and the dramatic political events of the 1990s.