Download or read book Turbidity Threshold Sampling Program TTS written by Jack Lewis and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Implementation Guide for Turbidity Threshold Sampling written by Jack Lewis and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Turbidity threshold sampling uses real-time turbidity and river stage information to automatically collect water quality samples for estimating suspended sediment loads. The system uses a programmable data logger in conjunction with a stage measurement device, a turbidity sensor, and a pumping sampler. Specialized software enables the user to control the sampling process, plot and correct the data, and estimate suspended loads. This implementation guide describes the entire process, including instrumentation, installation, field procedures, software usage, data collection, laboratory methods, data interpretation, data reduction, and analysis.
Download or read book Proceedings of the Seventh Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference March 25 29 2001 Reno Nevada USA written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Using in Situ Turbidity to Estimate Sediment Loads in Forested Headwater Streams written by Matthew W. Meadows and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Suspended sediment and in situ turbidity data from two western Oregon streams, Oak Creek and South Fork Hinkle Creek, were used to estimate annual sediment loads for the 2006 water year (October 1, 2005 to September 30, 2006). Water samples and in situ turbidity observations were taken following the Turbidity Threshold Sampling (TTS) protocol. The annual hydrographs for Oak Creek and South Fork Hinkle Creek were divided into storms. This stratification resulted in storm-specific relationships between in situ turbidity and Suspended Sediment Concentration (SSC). The annual hydrograph for Oak Creek was separated into 15 storms. The annual hydrograph for South Fork Hinkle Creek was separated into 8 storms. In the relationship between SSC and in situ turbidity, especially for Oak Creek, there are counterintuitive values. Before statistical relationships between suspended sediment concentration and in situ turbidity could be developed, these counterintuitive and erroneous values had to be vetted. This was carried out with values of laboratory turbidity, hydrograph characteristics, and hysteresis loops. Observations of in situ turbidity considered erroneous were adjusted manually with the TTS-adjuster program. The estimates of sediment load determined with the TTS approach were defined as the true sediment load in the stream. The observations of in situ turbidity that were considered erroneous were also adjusted with a Turbidity-Threshold Macro (TTM), which automatically adjusted the turbidity record. The estimates of sediment load determined with the TTM approach are compared with the estimates of sediment load determined with the TTS approach to determine the efficacy of the TTM method. The objectives of this study were to determine the efficacy of an automated turbidity adjustment program compared with a manual turbidity adjuster, and to determine the efficacy of two in situ turbidity and SSC relationships to predict annual sediment loads. Relationships between SSC and in situ turbidity were made to estimate annual sediment load for Oak and South Fork Hinkle Creeks. The SSC vs. in situ turbidity relationships were made for storm-specific time periods and for the whole water year. Estimates of annual sediment load for Oak Creek were approximately 10 tonnes (2 percent) higher when the TTM-adjustment was made for annual and storm-specific relationships. Estimates of total annual sediment load for Oak Creek were approximately 100 tonnes (17 percent) higher when separate-storm relationships between SSC and in situ turbidity were used compared to an annual relationship. The estimates of annual sediment load at South Fork Hinkle Creek were much lower when the TTM-adjustment was compared to the TTS-adjusted record. When the annual relationship between in situ turbidity and SSC was used the estimate of annual sediment load for South Fork Hinkle Creek was 1,336 tonnes for TTM-adjusted turbidity data, compared to 1,526 tonnes for TTS-adjusted turbidity data. Estimates of total annual sediment load for South Fork Hinkle Creek were approximately 700-800 tonnes lower when the separate-storm relationships between SSC and in situ turbidity were used, compared to an annual relationship. The TTM method for adjusting in situ turbidity records was useful to remove spikes of in situ turbidity. In the case of Oak Creek, the TTM-adjuster worked satisfactorily. However, in the case of South Fork Hinkle Creek, the TTM-adjuster did not work as well. For neither stream was the TTM-adjuster able to recreate the record that resulted from the TTS-adjuster. A TTM-adjuster appears to be able to work well but it would be best used in conjunction with a final adjustment using the TTS-adjuster. Thus, a hybrid approach that uses the strengths of both approaches might be the best approach. The TTM-adjuster as presented in this thesis is not a finished product. No method was developed to calibrate a data set to a TTM threshold value. Thus, while a bottom-up, TTM-adjuster program to edit and adjust records of in situ turbidity appears to be viable, the details of the method are not perfected and it remains a work in progress. Both annual and storm specific relationships between in situ turbidity and SSC can be used to estimate sediment loads in streams. The record of success for these two methods depended on the stream. Oak Creek had a lot of samples (294) and the data was well-behaved. For that stream both approaches seemed to work well. However, South Fork Hinkle Creek had fewer samples (138) and the data was not as well behaved. It is probably best to use annual relationships when data is sparse or poorly behaved. Also, annual data alleviates the problem, to a degree, of extrapolating beyond the range of data that could be a problem for storm-specific relationships.
Download or read book Implementation Guide for Turbidity Threshold Sampling written by Jack Lewis and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biological and Environmental Hazards Risks and Disasters written by Ramesh Sivanpillai and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-06-22 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological and Environmental Hazards, Risks, and Disasters, Second Edition provides an integrated look at major impacts to the Earth’s biosphere caused by diseases, algal blooms, insects, animals, species extinction, deforestation, land degradation, and comet and asteroid strikes, with important implications for humans. This second edition from Elsevier’s Hazards and Disasters Series incorporates perspectives from the natural and social sciences to offer in-depth coverage of threats from microscopic organisms to celestial objects and their potential impacts. Contributions from expert biological, health, ecological, environmental, wildlife, physical, and health scientists, readers will gain valuable insights on damages, causality, economic impacts, preparedness, and mitigation. Provides inter- and multi-disciplinary research accessible to both specialists and non-specialists Includes newly added chapters on emerging hazards and risks to earth’s ecosystems (land conversion and habitat loss) and human health (spread of diseases) Contains full-color tables, maps, diagrams, illustrations, and photographs of hazardous processes
Download or read book Applications of Long term Watershed Research to Forest Management in California written by Peter H. Cafferata and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guidance Manual for Compliance with the Filtration and Disinfection Requirements for Public Water Systems Using Surface Water Sources written by David J. Hiltebrand and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual suggests design operating and performance criteria for specific surface water quality conditions to provide the optimum protection from microbiological contaminants.
Download or read book AIMing for Healthy Forests written by Andrew B. Carey and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Livestock s Long Shadow written by Henning Steinfeld and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2006 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The assessment builds on the work of the Livestock, Environment and Development (LEAD) Initiative"--Pref.
Download or read book Non transient Non community Water Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sludge Reduction Technologies in Wastewater Treatment Plants written by Paola Foladori and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2010-07-31 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sludge Reduction Technologies in Wastewater Treatment Plants is a review of the sludge reduction techniques integrated in wastewater treatment plants with detailed chapters on the most promising and most widespread techniques. The aim of the book is to update the international community on the current status of knowledge and techniques in the field of sludge reduction. It will provide a comprehensive understanding of the following issues in sludge reduction: principles of sludge reduction techniques; process configurations; potential performance; advantages and drawbacks; economics and energy consumption. This book will be essential reading for managers and technical staff of wastewater treatment plants as well as graduate students and post-graduate specialists.
Download or read book Evaluating Environmental Effects of Dredged Material Management Alternatives written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document is intended to serve as a consistent "roadmap" for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency personnel in evaluating the environmental acceptability of dredged amterial management alternatives. Specifically, its major objectives are to provide: A general technical framwork for evaluating the environmental acceptability of dredged material management, alternatives (open-water disposal, confined (diked) disposal, and beneficial uses). Additional technical guidance to augment present implementation and testing manuals for addressing the environmental acceptability of available management options for the discharge of dredged material in both ope water and confined sites. Enhanced consistency and coordination in USAC/EPA decision making in accordance with Federal environmantl statutes regulating dredged material management.
Download or read book Aerospace Medicine and Biology written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 1004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Historical Growth Plots in the Pacific Southwest written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past, researchers from the Pacific Southwest Research Station (PSW) undertook forest growth studies to evaluate how best to manage timber resources. However, historical and future data collected at PSW growth plots also have the potential to increase our understanding of the ecological processes occurring in our forests and shed light on national issues of importance. This report provides information on the history, geography, plant species studied, installation, and measurement interval of each plot along with a list of publications arising from data gathered at these plots. This will enable current and future researchers to reidentify these plots and continue research at these locations.
Download or read book Coastal Watershed Management written by A. Fares and published by WIT Press. This book was released on 2008-05-23 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coastal watersheds differ from others by their unique features, including proximity to the ocean, weather and rainfall patterns, subsurface features, and land covers. Land use changes and competing needs for valuable water and land resources are especially more distinctive to such watersheds. This book covers recent research relevant to coastal watersheds. It addresses the impact of a stream’s chemical, biological, and sediment pollutants on the quality of the receiving waters, such as estuaries, bays, and near-shore waters. The contents of the book can be divided into three sections; a) overview of hydrological modelling, b) water quality assessment, and c) watershed management. This book differs from other hydrology books by dealing with coastal watersheds which are characterized by their unique features: including weather and rainfall patterns, subsurface characteristics, and land use and cover. In addition to academia, the book should be of interest to organizations concerned with watershed management, such as local and federal governments and environmental groups. Overall, the book is expected to satisfy a great need toward understanding and managing critical areas in many parts of the world.
Download or read book Water Reuse written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-07-17 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expanding water reuse-the use of treated wastewater for beneficial purposes including irrigation, industrial uses, and drinking water augmentation-could significantly increase the nation's total available water resources. Water Reuse presents a portfolio of treatment options available to mitigate water quality issues in reclaimed water along with new analysis suggesting that the risk of exposure to certain microbial and chemical contaminants from drinking reclaimed water does not appear to be any higher than the risk experienced in at least some current drinking water treatment systems, and may be orders of magnitude lower. This report recommends adjustments to the federal regulatory framework that could enhance public health protection for both planned and unplanned (or de facto) reuse and increase public confidence in water reuse.
