Download or read book Tritium Sample Analyses in the Savannah River and Associated Waterways Following the K reactor Release of December 1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An unplanned release of tritiated water occurred at K reactor on SRS between 22-December and 25-December 1991. This water moved down through the effluent canal, Pen Branch, Steel Creek and finally to the Savannah River. Samples were collected in the Savannah River and associated waterways over a period of a month. The Environmental Technology Section (ETS) of the Savannah River Laboratory performed liquid scintillation analyses to monitor the passage of the tritiated water from SRS to the Atlantic Ocean.

Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Individual and Population Dose to Users of the Savannah River Following K Reactor Tritium Release written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approximately 5700 curies of tritium were released to Pen Branch between December 22, 1991 and December 25, 1991. As expected, the tritiated water traveled through the Savannah River swamp to Steel Creek and the Savannah River. Elevated tritium concentrations in the river at Becks Ferry (Beaufort-Jasper) and Abercorn Creek (Port Wentworth) has caused some concern among downstream water users as to the amount of tritium available for uptake through the domestic drinking water supplies at the Beaufort-Jasper and Port Wentworth water treatment facilities. Radiation dose to the downstream drinking water population is estimated in this report.

Download or read book Proceedings of the Topical Meeting on Environmental Transport and Dosimetry written by American Nuclear Society and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Emergency Response Monitoring Activities and Environmental Impact of the K Reactor Aqueous Tritium Release of December 1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approximately 150 gallons of tritiated water leaked from one of the K-Reactor heat exchangers between December 22 and December 25, 1991. Upon notification, the Environmental Technology Section (ETS) activated its emergency response team to provide predictions of river concentrations, transport times, and radiological effects to downstream water users. Additionally, within a few days of the release, ETS and the Environmental Monitoring Section (EMS) began a comprehensive program to collect and analyze surface water samples from SRS down to the Savannah River estuary. The TRAC mobile laboratory was deployed to the Beaufort-Jasper water treatment plant to provide initial analyses for downriver water samples. This document discusses the results of the sampling activities. Concentration levels are provided along with hypothetical maximum individual doses.

Download or read book Government Reports Announcements Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Radioactive Effluents in Savannah River Summary Report for 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During 1992, the radioactive effluents in the Savannah River were less than those observed in 1991. Vogtle reported no significant releases in 1992, and in earlier years Vogtle improvements in pre-processing their releases had already effected a decreasing trend in release levels. Their effluents continue to be dominated by 58Co, which had a maximum concentration of only 0.068 pCi/L, which is just 1/3 of the maximum observed in 1991. Many of the other man-made radionuclides observed in earlier years have now decreased to where some are not even detected, and no new radionuclides were detected in the 1992 Vogtle effluents. In addition to 58Co, low levels of 6°Co were frequently observed, but only traces of 54Mn and 95Nb were observed. Contrary to earlier years no 51Cr, 57Co, 59Fe, or 95Zr were seen in 1992. Tritium and 137Cs were also monitored, but their levels generally remain consistent with known SRS sources. The maximum tritium observed near Vogtle was 2 pCi, /mL. The maximum downstream tritium was higher (3.8 pCi/mL), primarily due to the tritium release from K-Reactor in December 1991; however, the levels had abated significantly prior to collection of the tritium samples of the present study. In addition to natural sources, the general levels in the Savannah River are due to routine releases from the effluent treatment facility and seepage basin migration into plant streams that flow into the river.

Download or read book Construction and Operation of a Tritium Extraction Facility at the Savannah River Site written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Accelerator Production of Tritium at the Savannah River Site written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book TRITIUM UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS FOR SURFACE WATER SAMPLES AT THE SAVANNAH RIVER SITE written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radiochemical analyses of surface water samples, in the framework of Environmental Monitoring, have associated uncertainties for the radioisotopic results reported. These uncertainty analyses pertain to the tritium results from surface water samples collected at five locations on the Savannah River near the U.S. Department of Energy's Savannah River Site (SRS). Uncertainties can result from the field-sampling routine, can be incurred during transport due to the physical properties of the sample, from equipment limitations, and from the measurement instrumentation used. The uncertainty reported by the SRS in their Annual Site Environmental Report currently considers only the counting uncertainty in the measurements, which is the standard reporting protocol for radioanalytical chemistry results. The focus of this work is to provide an overview of all uncertainty components associated with SRS tritium measurements, estimate the total uncertainty according to ISO 17025, and to propose additional experiments to verify some of the estimated uncertainties. The main uncertainty components discovered and investigated in this paper are tritium absorption or desorption in the sample container, HTO/H2O isotopic effect during distillation, pipette volume, and tritium standard uncertainty. The goal is to quantify these uncertainties and to establish a combined uncertainty in order to increase the scientific depth of the SRS Annual Site Environmental Report.

Download or read book Environmental Effects of a Tritium Gas Release from the Savannah River Plant on December 31 1975 written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At 10:00 p.m. EST on December 31, 1975, 182,000 Ci of tritium gas was released within about 1.5 min from a tritium processing facility at the Savannah River Plant. The release was caused by the failure of a vacuum gage and was exhausted to the atmosphere by way of a 200-ft-high stack. Winds averaging 20 mph carried the tritium offplant toward the east. Calculations indicate that the puff passed out to sea about 35 miles north of Charleston, South Carolina, about 7 hr after the release occurred. Samples from the facility exhaust system indicated that 99.4 percent of the tritium was in elemental form and 0.6 percent was in the more biologically active oxide (water) form. The maximum potential dose to a person (from inhalation and skin absorption) at the puff centerline on the plant boundary was calculated to be 0.014 mrem, or about 0.01 percent of the annual dose received from natural radioactivity. The integrated dose to the population under the release path was calculated to be 0.2 man-rem before the tritium passed out to sea. Over 300 environmental samples were collected and analyzed following the release. These samples included air moisture, atmospheric hydrogen, vegetation, soil, surface water, milk, and human urine. Positive results were obtained in some onplant and plant perimeter samples; these results aided in confirming the close-in puff trajectory. Tritium concentrations in nearly all samples taken beyond the plant perimeter fell within normal ranges; no urine samples indicated any tritium uptakes as a result of the release. Two milk samples did indicate a measurable tritium uptake; the maximum potential dose to an individual drinking this milk was calculated to be about 0.1 mrem. Because calculated doses from assumed exposure to the tritium are low and analyses of environmental samples indicated no significant accumulation of tritium, it is concluded that no significant environmental effects resulted from the December 31, 1975, tritium release. (auth).

Download or read book Revised STREAM Code Benchmarking with 1991 K reactor Tritiated Aqueous Release Incident written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transport and diffusion module of the WIND System aqueous emergency response program (STREAM code) was replaced with the EPA WASP5 code. A set of input data was developed to model the transport of pollutants from a release point in K-Area to Savannah, Georgia through Indian Grave Branch, Pen Branch, the SRS swamp, Steel Creek, and the Savannah River. To evaluate the modifications to the STREAM code, data from an accidental release of tritiated water from K-Reactor in 1991 were used for benchmarking. A leak in a heat exchanger allowed a small amount of reactor coolant water to be released to cooling streams onsite, eventually reaching the Savannah River. Measurements of tritium concentration were taken at several downstream locations during the release. The results show that the revised STREAM code overpredicts the peak concentrations by 3 to 15%, which is comparable to the measurement uncertainty (one standard deviation). The revised STREAM code underpredicts the transport times of the concentration peak by 18 to 37%. The discrepancies in the travel time could result from uncertainties in the start of the release. The revised STREAM code performed well in simulating both the timing and the magnitude of the maximum observed tritium concentration. This gives confidence that the code can perform well both for emergency response and other engineering or safety analyses.

Download or read book Tritium Atmospheric Transport and Deposition Following Acute Releases written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During 35 years of operation of the Savannah River Site (SRS) there have been a small number of inadvertent tritium releases to the atmosphere. After detection of the releases by stack monitors, field crews were dispatched to determine the concentration of tritium in the environment. The objective of the measurement was to verify environmental concentrations calculated by dose assessment models. Air samples were used to verify the concentration levels and tritium forms during the plume passage. It was not feasible to take enough samples in the plume path to determine the two dimensional distribution of tritium concentration in the plume. However, the ground level distribution was very well reflected vegetation samples. Therefore, it is unusually possible to determine plume shape, plume width, and the relative maximum concentration as the plume moves downwind from the vegetation samples. In eight of the nine releases studied, the monitoring data allowed comparison with atmospheric transport models.

Download or read book Government reports annual index written by and published by . This book was released on 199? with total page 1388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Investigation of Tritium in the Gordon and Other Aquifers in Burke County Georgia written by Joseph H. Summerour and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Estimate of the History of Tritium Inventory in Wood Following Irrigation with Tritiated Water written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some of the groundwater and surface water at the Savannah River Site (SRS) is contaminated with tritium as a legacy of nuclear materials production. An analysis of tritium remediation alternatives suggests that the most practical remediation alternative is to change in the path of tritium exposure to the public. Calculations based on many years of experience at the Savannah River Site indicate that a 40 percent reduction in dose can be achieved by releasing tritiated water to the atmosphere, as water vapor, as opposed to allowing it to flow off site in surface water streams.

Download or read book Concentrations of Tritium and Strontium 90 in Water from Selected Wells at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory After Purging One Two and Three Borehole Volumes written by Roy C. Bartholomay and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: