Download or read book Treatment for Crime written by David Birks and published by Engaging Philosophy. This book was released on 2018 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preventing recidivism is one of the aims of criminal justice, yet existing means of pursuing this aim are often poorly effective, highly restrictive of basic freedoms, and significantly harmful. Incarceration, for example, tends to be disruptive of personal relationships and careers, detrimental to physical and mental health, restrictive of freedom of movement, and rarely more than modestly effective at preventing recidivism. Crime-preventing neurointerventions (CPNs) are increasingly being advocated, and there is a growing use of testosterone-lowering agents to prevent recidivism in sexual offenders, and strong political and scientific interest in developing pharmaceutical treatments for psychopathy and anti-social behaviour. Future neuroscientific advances could yield further CPNs; we could ultimately have at our disposal a range of drugs capable of suppressing violent aggression and it is not difficult to imagine possible applications of such drugs in crime prevention. Neurointerventions hold out the promise of preventing recidivism in ways that are both more effective, and more humane. But should neurointerventions be used in crime prevention? And may the state ever permissibly impose CPNs as part of the criminal justice process, either unconditionally, or as a condition of parole or early release? The use of CPNs raises several ethical concerns, as they could be highly intrusive and may threaten fundamental human values, such as bodily integrity and freedom of thought. In the first book-length treatment of this topic, Treatment for Crime, brings together original contributions from internationally renowned moral and political philosophers to address these questions and consider the possible issues, recognizing how humanity has a track record of misguided, harmful and unwarrantedly coercive use of neurotechnological 'solutions' to criminality. The Engaging Philosophy series is a new forum for collective philosophical engagement with controversial issues in contemporary society.
Download or read book Drugs Crime and Violence written by Howard Rahtz and published by Hamilton Books. This book was released on 2012-08-16 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forty years ago, President Richard Nixon declared a “war on drugs.” Since that time, the country has incarcerated thousands of citizens and spent billions of dollars, and yet the drug problem rolls on. Today, the illegal drug market funds international terrorism, the horrific drug war on the Mexican border, and the senseless violence plaguing our communities, large and small. It is past time for a new direction. This book provides a drug policy framework that will choke off the revenue supporting the illegal drug market. Howard Rahtz outlines a series of drug policy steps buttressed by a historical review of drug policy measures, a review of international efforts against trafficking, and a clear understanding of the dynamics of addiction and its role in facilitating the illegal drug market.
Download or read book Helping Victims of Violent Crime written by Diane L. Green, PhD and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2008-06-23 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past two decades, violent crime has become one of the most serious domestic problems in the United States. Approximately 13 million people (nearly 5% of the U.S. population) are victims of crime every year, and of that, approximately one and a half million are victims of violent crime. Ensuring quality of life for victims of crime is therefore a major challenge facing policy makers and mental health providers. Helping Victims of Violent Crime grounds victim assistance treatments in a victim-centered and strengths perspective. The book explores victim assistance through systems theory: the holistic notion of examining the client in his/her environment and a key theoretical underpinning of social work practice. The basic assumption of systems theoryis homeostasis. A crime event causes a change in homeostasis and often results in disequilibrium. The victim's focus at this point is to regain equilibrium. Under the systems metatheory, coping, crisis and attribution theories provide a good framework for victim-centered intervention. Stress and coping theories posit that three factors determine the state of balance: perception of the event, available situational support, and coping mechanisms. Crisis theory offers a framework to understand a victim's response to a crime. The basic assumption of crisis theory asserts that when a crisis occurs, people respond with a fairly predictable physical and emotional pattern. The intensity and manifestation of this pattern may vary from individual to individual. Finally, attribution theory asserts that individuals make cognitive appraisals of a stressful situation in both positive and negative ways. These appraisals are based on the individual's assertion that they can understand, predict, and control circumstances and result in the victim's assignment of responsibility for solving or helping with problems that have arisen from the crime event. In summary, these four theories can delineate a definitive model for approach to the victimization process. It is from this theoretical framework that Treating Victims of Violent Crime offers assessments and interventions with a fuller understanding of the victimization recovery process. The book includes analysis of victims of family violence (child abuse, elder abuse, partner violence) as well as stranger violence (sexual assault, homicide, and terrorism).
Download or read book Crime Victims with Developmental Disabilities written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-02-06 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although violent crime in the United States has declined over the past five years, certain groups appear to remain at disproportionately high risk for violent victimization. In the United States, people with developmental disabilities-such as mental retardation, autism, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and severe learning disabilities may be included in this group. While the scientific evidence is scanty, a handful of studies from the United States, Canada, Australia, and Great Britain consistently find high rates of violence and abuse affecting people with these kinds of disabilities. A number of social and demographic trends are converging that may worsen the situation considerably over the next several years. The prevalence of developmental disabilities has increased in low-income populations, due to a number of factors, such as poor prenatal nutrition, lack of access to health care or better perinatal care for some fragile babies, and increases in child abuse and substance abuse during pregnancy. For example, a recent report of the California State Council on Developmental Disabilities found that during the past decade, while the state population increased by 20 percent, the number of persons with developmental disabilities in California increased by 52 percent and the population segment with mild mental retardation doubled. Because of a growing concern among parents and advocates regarding possible high rates of crime victimization among persons with developmental disabilities, Congress, through the Crime Victims with Disabilities Awareness Act of 1998, requested that the National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences conduct a study to increase knowledge and information about crimes against individuals with developmental disabilities that will be useful in developing new strategies to reduce the incidence of crimes against those individuals. Crime Victims with Developmental Disabilities summarizes the workshop and addresses the following issues: (1) the nature and extent of crimes against individuals with developmental disabilities; (2) the risk factors associated with victimization of individuals with developmental disabilities; (3) the manner in which the justice system responds to crimes against individuals with disabilities; and (4) the means by which states may establish and maintain a centralized computer database on the incidence of crimes against individuals with disabilities within a state.
Download or read book New Frontiers in Offender Treatment written by Elizabeth L. Jeglic and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-16 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews how new and promising evidence-based interventions are being used with those involved in the criminal justice system. While there has been an increased emphasis on evidence-based practice within forensic treatment, there remains a disjoint between what we know works and adapting these interventions to those involved in the criminal justice system. This book seeks to bridge that gap by providing an overview of what we know works and how that information has been translated into offender treatment. In addition, it highlights avenues where additional research is needed. This book is comprised of three parts: In the first part, current models of correctional treatment including the Risk, Needs, Responsivity Model, The Good Lives Model and Cognitive Behavioral Models are presented. In the second part, the chapters address clinical issues such as the therapeutic alliance, clinician factors, and diversity related issues that impact treatment outcome. In the third and final part of the book, adaptions of innovative and cutting-edge evidence-based treatments such as Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Trauma Informed Care, Mindfulness, Motivational Interviewing, Assertive Community Treatment, Multisystemic Treatment, New frontiers in Intimate Partner Violence treatment, and the current research on the treatment of those with psychopathy are presented. Research supporting these treatment approaches targeting areas such as self-management, psychological well-being, treatment engagement and retention and their relationship to recidivism will be reviewed, while their adaptation for use with forensic populations is discussed. The book concludes with the editors’ summary of the findings and a discussion of the future of evidence-based interventions within the field of forensic psychology.
Download or read book Controlling Crime written by Philip J. Cook and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2011-10-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Criminal justice expenditures have more than doubled since the 1980s, dramatically increasing costs to the public. With state and local revenue shortfalls resulting from the recent recession, the question of whether crime control can be accomplished either with fewer resources or by investing those resources in areas other than the criminal justice system is all the more relevant. Controlling Crime considers alternative ways to reduce crime that do not sacrifice public safety. Among the topics considered here are criminal justice system reform, social policy, and government policies affecting alcohol abuse, drugs, and private crime prevention. Particular attention is paid to the respective roles of both the private sector and government agencies. Through a broad conceptual framework and a careful review of the relevant literature, this volume provides insight into the important trends and patterns of some of the interventions that may be effective in reducing crime.
Download or read book Violence Crime and Mentally Disordered Offenders written by Sheilagh Hodgins and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2000-06-08 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mentally disordered criminal is a public nightmare, and themanagement of these offenders can be driven as much by politicaland economic concerns as by scientific evidence and professionaljudgement within the fields of mental health and correctionservices. This book aims to provide a critical and focused reviewof knowledge and best practice in this field for mental health andcorrection professionals and for those concerned with policy andmanagement of services for these offenders. Mentally disordered offenders include offenders who suffer fromschizophrenia, major affective disorders, personality disorders(including psychopathy), brain damage, and mental retardation. Thetopic is of increasing importance because of the growth ofcommunity psychiatry, and the growing community programmes foroffenders, and also because of the growing pressures on thoseinstitutions which deal with offenders and care for the mentallydisordered or disabled. Professionals in these fields will welcomethis book which: * Provides a review of approaches to treatment, accessible to awide mental health and forensic readership * Relates treatment approaches to specific mental problems, andreviews evidence of effectiveness * features a truly international group of authors bringing togethera wide variety of approaches, scientific research, and practicalexperience of important programmes for treatment and prevention "Few recent texts provide both the depth and breadth necessary tounderstand the vexing behaviour of mentally disordered offenders.Drs Hodgins and Muller-Isberner, a remarkable pairing of researchand clinical expertise, have put together a highly readable andsuperb resource for anyone interested in this interface of seriousmental illness and criminal behavior. The authors of theconstituent chapters are leading authorities in their respectiveareas and have provided thoughtful commentary on the most recentinternational literature. This is a first-rate treatment of arapidly growing and fascinating field." Marvin Swartz, DukeUniversity, USA
Download or read book Treatment for Crime written by David Birks and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-10-18 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preventing recidivism is one of the aims of criminal justice, yet existing means of pursuing this aim are often poorly effective, highly restrictive of basic freedoms, and significantly harmful. Incarceration, for example, tends to be disruptive of personal relationships and careers, detrimental to physical and mental health, restrictive of freedom of movement, and rarely more than modestly effective at preventing recidivism. Crime-preventing neurointerventions (CPNs) are increasingly being advocated, and there is a growing use of testosterone-lowering agents to prevent recidivism in sexual offenders, and strong political and scientific interest in developing pharmaceutical treatments for psychopathy and anti-social behaviour. Future neuroscientific advances could yield further CPNs; we could ultimately have at our disposal a range of drugs capable of suppressing violent aggression and it is not difficult to imagine possible applications of such drugs in crime prevention. Neurointerventions hold out the promise of preventing recidivism in ways that are both more effective, and more humane. But should neurointerventions be used in crime prevention? And may the state ever permissibly impose CPNs as part of the criminal justice process, either unconditionally, or as a condition of parole or early release? The use of CPNs raises several ethical concerns, as they could be highly intrusive and may threaten fundamental human values, such as bodily integrity and freedom of thought. In the first book-length treatment of this topic, Treatment for Crime, brings together original contributions from internationally renowned moral and political philosophers to address these questions and consider the possible issues, recognizing how humanity has a track record of misguided, harmful and unwarrantedly coercive use of neurotechnological 'solutions' to criminality. The Engaging Philosophy series is a new forum for collective philosophical engagement with controversial issues in contemporary society.
Download or read book The Treatment of Criminal Offenders written by Michael Dow Burkhead and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2014-12-09 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From drilling holes into the skulls of prisoners, to solitary confinement, to deploying a range of psychological therapies, society has attempted to deal with the problem of criminals in myriad ways over the last few centuries. This analytical history explores the ever-changing approaches to punishing wrongdoers and preventing further offenses, the philosophical beliefs underlying them, and their relative effects. It discusses such core issues as the role of free will and determination, the root causes of crime, and the effects of studying crimes versus studying criminals. It highlights the continuous debate regarding rehabilitation and punishment, the history of biologically and psychologically based treatments, and the principles of effective intervention, concluding with discussion of what lies ahead.
Download or read book Treatment Alternatives to Street Crime written by James A. Inciardi and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Treatment and Rehabilitation of Offenders written by Iain Crow and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2001-07-23 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Treatment and rehabilitation have been central to the development of criminal justice policy, and have played an important role in the development of criminology. In recent years punishment and retribution have attracted more attention than rehabilitation, but there has been a resurgence of interest in treatment and rehabilitation, with indications that some things do 'work', and an emphasis on 'evidence-based' policy making. It is also the belief of many that a penal policy without an adequate treatment strategy is unjust and a denial of human rights. In this book Iain Crow provides an accessible overview of the concepts of treatment and rehabilitation, adopting a deliberately broad definition, and considers the historic
Download or read book Mentally Ill Offender Treatment and Crime Reduction Act of 2003 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Examination of S 1194 the Mentally Ill Offender Treatment and Crime Reduction Act of 2003 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of the prevalence of mental illness in jails: Licking County jail pilot study -- Art for a Child's Safer America Foundation 2003 fact sheet -- Critical care: wrongful deaths. Inadequate care. Questionable doctors. ... Health care in Ohio's 33 prisons is plagued with serious, deadly problems -- Prison doctors aren't top shelf; some come with big problems -- Lives lost and damaged: cost of inadequate care is measured in human terms and millions of dollars -- Medical care in Ohio's prisons -- When co-pay plan started, clinic visits started falling -- Panel to review health care for inmates: corrections chief wants recommendations for improvements in care by end of year -- Mentally Ill Offender Treatment and Crime Reduction Act of 2003 -- Achieving the promise: transforming mental health care in America -- Promoting justice in an unjust system: part one -- Alternative interventions for women -- The women's assessment project: final report.
Download or read book Changing Concepts of Crime and Its Treatment written by Hugh J. Klare and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-06-06 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Changing Concepts of Crime and Its Treatment is a collection of essays dealing with the modern treatment of crime and how to improve it. This collection attempts to define crime according to several experts such as Dr. Morris and Mr. de Berker. T he book examines the dimensions of the crime problem and how society perceives and tolerates it. The text describes the different types of crimes such as property crime, violent crime, sexual crime, and even motoring offenses. Another paper examines the particulars of race and crime and cites genetics, legal and social views of race, and the measurement of both reported and unreported crimes. A summary of the statistics of studies made on the different races and crime is also given. The book then presents developments made in forensic psychiatry and a model of institution for treating adolescent delinquency. One paper discusses the sociology of change in penal institutions, whereby the offender needs some process of individualization to be able to help himself. The book then gives tribute to John Howard, an eminent penal reformer. This book can prove valuable for police administrators, criminologists, counselors, psychologists, lawyers, and social workers.
Download or read book Crime written by Clarence Darrow and published by . This book was released on 1922 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mentally Ill Offender Treatment and Crime Reduction Act of 2004 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Treatment Alternatives to Street Crime written by James A. Inciardi and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1994-03 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Treatment Alternatives to Street Crime (TASC) provides an objective bridge between two separate institutions: the criminal justice system and the drug treatment community. Under TASC, community-based supervision is made available to drug-involved individuals who would otherwise burden the justice system with their persistent drug-associated criminality. TASC operates in more than 100 jurisdictions. Covers: empirical and theoretical foundations of TASC; early years of TASC; early TASC evaluations; the current structure of TASC; and the future of TASC. References.
