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Book Treatment Duration and Time Since Disturbance Affect Vegetation Development in a Young Ponderosa Pine Plantation

Download or read book Treatment Duration and Time Since Disturbance Affect Vegetation Development in a Young Ponderosa Pine Plantation written by Gary O. Fiddler and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Development of Vegetation in a Young Ponderosa Pine Plantation

Download or read book Development of Vegetation in a Young Ponderosa Pine Plantation written by Philip M. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The density and development of deerbrush (Ceanothus integerrimus Hook. & Arn.), other shrubs, forbs, graminoids, and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws. var. ponderosa) seedlings were evaluated in a young plantation in northern California from 1988 through 1997. Treatment regimes consisted of manual release (grubbing) over 3 to 6 years and resulted in vegetation recovery times of 4 to 10 years. Revegetation was remarkably diverse, rapid, and vigorous. At the end of the study, the dominant shrub, deerbrush, had significantly lower average density and foliar cover relative to the control when treated either the first 3 years or the second 3 years, but average height was similar regardless of treatment. Average density of the 11 other shrubs was statistically higher in the control relative to other treatments, but cover and height did not differ. Density, foliar cover, and height of the forbs and graminoids did not differ among treatments at the end of the study. In the control, deerbrush plants numbered 6,100 per acre; other shrubs, 2,550 per acre; forbs, 27,300 per acre; and graminoids, 5,800 plants per acre in 1997. Foliar cover of deerbrush at 22,700 ft2 per acre was more than five times that of all other naturally established species combined and slightly exceeded that of pine seedlings in all treatments.

Book Treatment Duration and Time Since Disturbance Affect Vegetation Development in a Young California Red Fir Plantation

Download or read book Treatment Duration and Time Since Disturbance Affect Vegetation Development in a Young California Red Fir Plantation written by Philip M. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Timing and Duration of Release Treatments Affect Vegetation Development in a Young California White Fir Plantation

Download or read book Timing and Duration of Release Treatments Affect Vegetation Development in a Young California White Fir Plantation written by Philip M. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Treatment Duration and Time Since Disturbance Affect Vegetation Development in a Young California Red Fir Plantation

Download or read book Treatment Duration and Time Since Disturbance Affect Vegetation Development in a Young California Red Fir Plantation written by Philip M. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Research Note PSW

Download or read book Research Note PSW written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Competing Vegetation in Ponderosa Pine Plantations

Download or read book Competing Vegetation in Ponderosa Pine Plantations written by Philip M. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Planted ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws. var. ponderosa) seedlings in young plantations in California are at a disadvantage compared with competing shrubs, forbs, and grasses. In many instances, roots of competing plants begin expanding and exploiting the soil earlier and in greater numbers, thereby capturing the majority of available resources and lowering pine survival and growth. Competition thresholds or "how much is too much?" are: for treatments where a cleared radius is prescribed, no weeds are acceptable within the space needed for maximum growth of pine seedlings during the establishment period; for treatments involving the entire area, crown cover values of 10 to 30 percent seem to be the level beyond which shrub competition significantly affects pine growth. Methods for preparing the site, which include mechanical and chemical methods, use of fire, and combinations of treatments, show the interaction of site and ensuing vegetation. Techniques for controlling competing vegetation from seed include preventing such plants from getting started by use of preemergent herbicides or mats (collars). To prevent sprouting, hardwood trees and large shrubs can be pushed over, thereby getting the root crown out of the ground, or if still in the soil, grinding it out with a machine. Once present, the effect of weeds from seed can be minimized by grubbing or spraying when young, by grazing plants with cattle or sheep, or by introducing plants of low competitive ability. Once sprouting weeds are present, their effect can be minimized by spraying with chemicals, or if palatable, by grazing with cattle or sheep. Costs range from as low as $10 per acre ($25/ha) for aerially applying herbicides to $711 per acre ($1757/ha) for grinding out tanoak stumps.

Book Publications List

Download or read book Publications List written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Vegetation Trends in a 31 year old Ponderosa Pine Plantation

Download or read book Vegetation Trends in a 31 year old Ponderosa Pine Plantation written by Philip M. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Publications Quarterly List

Download or read book Publications Quarterly List written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: